ss2 2.02 understand charts and graphs used in business. · purpose of charts and graphs 1. charts...
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SS2 2.02 Understand charts and graphs used in business.
Purpose of Charts and Graphs
1. Charts and graphs are used in business tocommunicate and clarify spreadsheet information.
2. Charts and graphs emphasize and categorize spreadsheet information into a format that can be quickly and easily analyzed.
Why do you need to learn about charts?
Can you answer these questions?
3. Why might you use a chart to present spreadsheet
information?
4. What does a chart or graph do that a
spreadsheet does not?
3. Why might you use a chart to present spreadsheet information?
A chart makes the information easier to understand.
4. What does a chart or graph do that a spreadsheet does not?
Creates a visual representation of the data.
Is it a Chart or a Graph?A Graph is a feature of a
chart used to plot data. A Graph is a pictorial
representation of data.
It includes the:
plot area
gridlines
and values. A graph is used in a
chart .
Is it a Chart or a Graph?A Chart is the total
package that includes: titles values axis labels legend
information color and adds meaning to
the graph A Chart is the total
package. It is an enhancement of a graph.
Whereas spreadsheet data
is often filled with
numbers, labels, and
values that require time-
consuming analysis. . . .
a chart emphasizes and categories the spreadsheet information into a format that can be quickly and easily analyzed.
Examples of Charts used in business:
Represent sales trends within different departments of a store
Represent the contribution of individual employee sales to the total sales for a company
Represent the percent of each expense to total expenses
Analyze stock prices and explain the fluctuations to stockholders
6 Common types of charts
Column Chart
Stacked Bar Chart
Line Chart
XY Scatter Chart
Pie Chart
Exploded Pie Chart
Column Chart Description:
Series of vertical columns each representative of a data series
Best Used For:
Making comparisons and generalizations about groups of data, such as the attendance of each group of upperclassmen at assemblies
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 11
Column Chart Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 12
Spirit Participation
0
20
40
60
80
100
January February March April
Month
Att
end
an
ce R
ate
Seniors
Juniors
Sophomores
Stacked Bar Description: Series of horizontal or
vertical bars that are each divided into two or more parts
Each bar represents the contributions of one data group to the whole
Best Used For: Comparing the
contribution of individual items to the whole, such as the contribution of each department’s sales to the total sales for a quarter (3 months)
Useful when you have more than one data series
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 13
Stacked Bar Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 14
8,000
7,000
8,000
5,000
15,755
25,000
12,575
10,500
2,500
3,500
3,500
3,300
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Pe
rio
d
Sales (in Thousands)
Printers
Computers
Monitors
ABC
Computers
Quarterly
Report
Sales
Analysis
Line Chart Description
Series of data points connected by horizontal lines, each representing a series of data
Best Used for:
Comparing trends, such as the trends in sales of three departments in a store, over a period of time
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 15
Line Chart Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 16
Sales Trends by Department
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
1st Quarter 2nd
Quarter
3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
Period
Sa
les
(in
Th
ou
sa
nd
s)
Music
Shoes
Clothing
XY Scatter Description:
Series of data points connected by horizontal lines, each representing a series of data
Best Used For:
Analyzing statistical or scientific data, such as determine a correlationbetween stressors and pulse rate; the effect of one on the other
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 17
XY Scatter Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 18
Stress Analysis
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 5 10 15
Wait Time (in Minutes)
Pu
lse R
ate
Principal's
Office
Doctor's
Office
Pie Chart Description:
Represents only one data series
Best Used For: Indicating the relationship
of one component or data element to the whole, such as the percentage of sales contributions of printers, PDAs, and desktops to the total sales for one time period (one month, one quarter or year)
Can only be used with one data series
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 19
Pie Chart Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 20
Financial Budget
East Region
57%
17%
13%13%
Printers
PDAs
Desktops
Laptops
Exploded Pie Description:
An enhanced version of the pie chart
Best Used For:
Emphasizing one or more portions of data
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 21
Exploded Pie Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 22
Music Sales by Genre
16%
24%
33%
27%Classical
Country
Rock
Hip Hop
Components of Graphs
1. Y-axis
2. X-axis
3. Data markers
4. Data series
5. Gridline
6. Plot area
7. Tick mark
The Y- axis isthe left vertical side of the graph.
It contains the numericaldata.
0102030405060708090
100
1st Q
uart
er
2nd Q
uarte
r
3rd
Qua
rter
4th
Qua
rter
Y-a
xis
Y-axis
0102030405060708090
100
1st Q
uart
er
2nd Q
uarte
r
3rd
Qua
rter
4th
Qua
rter
Y-a
xis
X-axis
The X- axis isthe bottom horizontal side of the graph.
It contains the category information.
X-axis
Data Markers are used in a graph to indicate data values. Remember:
Data Markers must represent values!
0102030405060708090
100
1st Q
uart
er
2nd Q
uarte
r
3rd
Qua
rter
4th
Qua
rter
Y-a
xis
X-axis
Data Marker
Data Markers
A Data Series is a collection of related values,
such as one rowor one columnfrom a spreadsheet.
Data Series
Data Series
Gridline
Gridlines
A Gridline is a horizontal or vertical line that extends across the plot area of the graph for the purpose of adding clarification to the data. Gridlines make it
easier to read and understand the values.
Example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business
Scenario: This Stacked Bar Chart shows the Total Sales of
each employee over a 4-month period.
Question: What would make it easier to read?
Answer: Gridlines
Gridlines would make it much easier to read and understand
the values. (Notice—there are NO gridlines in this chart!)
Plot Area
The Plot Area is the backgroundportion of a graph.
It is the rectangular area bound by the category (X) and values (Y) axes.
Plot Area(the gray area shown
in this graph)
Tick Mark
The Tick Mark is
used in a graph to clarify the data categories or values.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 32
Tick
Marks
Components of Charts
8. Legend
9. Data Label
10. Chart Title
11. X-Axis Title
12. Y-Axis Title
Slide 334.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business
Legend
The Legend is an objectthat explainsthe symbols, colors, or patternsused to differentiate the data.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business Slide 34
Legend
Data Label
A Data Label is a single value or
text explanation
used to explain the data in a series.
It is a piece of data from the data series.
Data
Labels
Example
Slide 36
Scenario: This Column Chart compares the sales of the
GY Music Store against the sales of Notes Online.
Question: Which feature is used to indicate the
sales amounts in the plot area?
Answer: Data Labels
Data Labels are used to
explain the data in the
series.
Chart Title
The Chart Title is the mainheading, which describes the purpose and content of the chart.
Chart Title
Example
Scenario: This Line Chart represents the effect of irrigation on
plant height.
Question: What feature should be added to explain
the chart’s purpose?
Answer: Chart Title
The Chart Title is the
Main Heading that
describes the purpose
and content of the chart.
Axis Titles
Axis TitlesThe Y-axis Title: describes the Y-axis, which is the vertical data.
The X-axis Title describes theX-axis, which is the horizontal data.
Now it’s your turn!
See if you can
identify all of the
components and
describe their
functions.
7.
4.
1.
6.
5.
8.
3.
2.
9.
10.
7.
1.
8.
5.3.
2.
9.
4.
10.
How did you do?
1. Data Series
2. Chart Title
3. Y-axis Labels
4. Data Labels
5. Plot Area
6. Gridline
7. Legend
8. X-axis Labels
9. X-axis Title
10. Tick Marks
6.
11.
11. Y-axis Title
Embedded and Separate Chart
1. An Embedded chart is one that appears on the same sheet as the spreadsheet/worksheet it represents.
2. A Separate chart is one that does not appear on the same sheet as the spreadsheet/worksheet it represents.
Linked Chart
3. A Linked chart is one that will change to reflect changes made to the spreadsheet it represents.
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