stifle and tarsus first year anatomy nicholas urbanek, bvms, mrcvs

Stifle and Tarsus

First Year AnatomyNicholas Urbanek, BVMS, MRCVS

Stifle

The Stifle • Limited views due to proximal location of joint• Routinely obtain only TWO views– Lateral (caudal 60 degree lateral-craniomedial

oblique)– Craniocaudal (caudoproximal-craniodistal oblique)

Lateral view Craniocaudal view

Stifle – Lateral viewA. Supracondylar fossaB. FemurC. Patella – Apex and BaseD. Medial and lateral trochlea ridgesE. Medial and lateral femoral condyleF. Intercondylar eminence of tibiaG. Trochlear GroveH. TibiaI. Tibial tuberosityJ. Fibula

A

B

C

DE

FG

H

I

J

Stifle – Craniocaudal view

A. Lateral border of patellaB. FemurC. Medial epicondyleD. Medial condyleE. Lateral epicondyleF. Lateral condyleG. Intercondylar fossaH. Medial and lateral intercondylar eminenceI. Tibial tuberosityJ. TibiaK. Fibula

I

H

KJ

GF

E

D

CB

A

Bone Cyst

Stifle OCD

Tarsus

The Tarsus

• Same views, different joint!• Lateral-Medial• Dorsal-Plantar• Dorsolateral-plantaromedial oblique (DLPMO)– Highlights the plantarolateral and dorsomedial

aspects• Dorsomedial-plantarolateral oblique (DMPLO)– Highlights the plantaromedial and dorsolateral

aspects

Tarsus - Lateral view

Bones:A: TibiaB: CalcaneousC: Central tarsal boneD: Third tarsal boneE: Sustentaculum taliF: Third metatarsal bone

Joints:I: Tarsocrural jointJ: Proximal intertarsal jointK: Distal intertarsal jointL: Tarsometarsal jointM: Talocalcaneal joint

E

Tarsus – DP viewBones:A: TibiaB: CalcaneousC: Central tarsal boneD: Third tarsal boneE: Forth tarsal bone – “Two story bone”F: Third metatarsal bone1: Medial trochlear ridge of talus2: Medial malleolus3: Lateral malleolus

Tarsus – DMPLO viewA: TibiaB: CalcaneousC: Central tarsal boneD: Third tarsal boneF: Third metatarsal boneH: Second metatarsalN: Second tarsal bone4: Lateral trochlear ridge – “Larry’s

Nose”5: Sustentaculum tali

Tarsus – DLPMO viewA: TibiaB: CalcaneousC: Central tarsal boneD: Third tarsal boneE: Forth tarsal boneF: Third metatarsal boneG: Forth metatarsal bone1: Medial trochlear ridge2. Medial malleolus6: Distal intermediate ridge

Tarsal Diseases

• OCD - three main locations– Lateral and medial malleoli– Distal intermediate ridge of the tibia (DIRT)– Lateral and medial trochlear ridges

• Degenerative Joint Disease– Distal intertarsal joint – Tarsometatarsal joint

Tarsal OCD

Tarsal DJD