students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the...
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• Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the sub-Saharan civilizations of Ghana and Mali in Medieval Africa.
• Study the Niger River and the relationship of vegetation zones of forest, savannah, and desert to trade in gold, salt, food, and slaves; and the growth of the Ghana and Mali empires.
• Analyze the importance of family, labor specialization, and regional commerce in the development of states and cities in West Africa.
• Describe the role of the trans-Saharan caravan trade in the changing religious and cultural characteristics of West Africa and the influence of Islamic beliefs, ethics, and law.
• Trace the growth of the Arabic language in government, trade, and Islamic scholarship in West Africa.
• Describe the importance of written and oral traditions in the transmission of African history and culture.
Instructions
• Anything written in yellow (SLOW down and pay attention) is useful information. You should write it in your notes IN YOUR OWN WORDS.
• Anything in red (STOP and pay close attention) is critical information and should be copied exactly.
• Anything in green (GO on to the next point) you do not have to write.
Oral History
• Most African groups did not write down their histories.
• Instead, story-tellers called griots would memorize the stories and tell them back to people.
• It’s not as accurate as written history but was still very good.
The Battle of Kirina
• Listen to the story as Mr. Cirbo Reads aloud.
• Now, re-tell the story you heard to a neighbor. Be sure to include and use as many details and pieces of information as possible.
Proverbs
• Proverbs are simple phrases meant to teach a lesson or idea.
• They are easy to remember.• It was a way to remember things
without writing them down.
Examples:
• “He is a fool whose sheep runs away twice.” - African
• “Fool me once, shame on you, fool me twice, shame on me.” -English
Ah, sheepy, I’ll never let you
out again!
Folk Tales
• A folk tale is a short story that usually involves animals.
• It is designed to teach a lesson.• Because Africa did not write
most things, folk tales were very important.
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