successful forestry project experiences in the mato grosso do sul silvopastoral system

“SUCCESSFUL FORESTRY PROJECT EXPERIENCES IN THE MATO GROSSO DO SUL SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM”

CM FLORESTAL LTDA.

CELSO LUIZ MEDEIROS LIMA. Forestry engineer

Email: cmflorestal@uol.com.br Skype: celso.medeiros50

Telephone – (67) 9281 0257 (67) 3301 8359

ESTIMATED AAG (average annual growth) Basic premise: Average local rainfall = 1,400 mm 1 m³ wood = 30 mm of rain Expected productivity: 1,400mm/30mm Expected AAG 46.6 m³/ha/year

Obs: Consider Local water deficit Applied technology

BASIC FERTILIZING

Dolomitic limestone: 2,000 kg; Agricultural gypsum: 800 kg Reactive phosphate : 350 kg; 10+30+10 + micronutrients: 150 kg; 20+05+20 + micronutrients: 150 kg; 18+00+18 + micronutrients: 180 kg; Leaf analyses followed by three

supplementary applications.

CONVERSION RATE

CLONE GG 100 SILVOPASTORAL 424 trees/ha AAG= 4th year: 33.20 m³/ha/year. Tree volume = 0.313 m3/tree CONVENTIONAL 1,111 trees/ha AAG= 4th year: 43.50 m³/ha/year. Tree volume = 0.1566 m³

WORK IN PROGRESS

Soil: quartz sand (10 to12%) Rainfall: 1,300 mm Stand: 884 trees/ha Productivity: 40 m³/ha/year

WORK IN PROGRESS

Soil: quartz sand (18 to 20%) Rainfall: 1,300 mm Stand: 884 trees/ha Productivity: 46 m³/ha/year

SOME MISTAKES

6.0 x 1.5 meters in São Paulo yielded 27% productivity loss 8.0 x 2.0 meters yields low productivity

wood and pasture

SILVOPASTORAL CONCEPT

Produce wood Sequester carbon Produce pasture Produce crops Respect the environment

TREES IN ROWS

Space between the rows: 14 to 35 m (Porfírio-da-Silva, 2006) 10 to 50 m (Oliveira et al., 2003) Space between the trees in each row: 1.5 to 4.0 m (Porfírio-da-

Silva,2006)

DIRECTION OF PLANTING

East/West On the same level Water is a limiting production factor

SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM RESULTS Increased density Timber production and cattle raising

in the same area Thermal comfort for the animals Improved health of the animals Protection of the pasture against frost

SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM RESULTS Less need to restore pastures Control of soil erosion Increased income from the property

MOST COMMONLY USED CLONES

Urograndis: I- 144, I- 224, H- 13, H-77 C- 041, C- 219, 1528 Urophylla: GG- 100 Urocam: VM- 01 Grancam: 1277 Camalcornis VM58

CLONES AND THEIR USES

Pulp: H-13, H-77, C-219, C-041, I-144. Charcoal/Manufacturing: VM-01,

GG100, 1528. Sawmills: 1277, I- 224, H- 13, VM 01.

IMPLEMENTATION

Soil that can support a standing forest Water is a limiting production factor

Adequate sunlight and suitable

temperatures

IMPLEMENTATION

Soil preparation Facilitate future maintenance Place the fertilizer (phosphorus) close to

the root system Controlled release fertilizer (Basacote) Specific herbicide for eucalyptus

plantations

IMPLEMENTATION

Soil correction – limestone, gypsum Combating ants Topography / contour line / grading Building and maintaining roads Herbicide in the area worked on

IMPLEMENTATION

Mechanized soil preparation + phosphate

Planting / replanting + gel

Irrigation

Fertilizing using NPK

Pre-emergence application of herbicide

MAINTENANCE

Combating ants Fertilizing Mechanical weeding along the rows Grading of the land between the rows Pre-emergence application of herbicide

throughout the entire area Mechanical and chemical weeding between

the rows

MAINTENANCE

Pruning Forest inventory Fire prevention Pest control

HARVEST

Thinning Final cutting

THINNING / HARVESTING

Nº of Thinnings

Age (years)

Nº of Trees Volume (m³/ha)

Use

Initial Removed Remainder

1º 4 884 250 634 45 (0.18 m³)

Biomass

2º 7 634 384 250 135 (0.35 m³)

Biomass Sawmills

Final cut 12 250 250 0 195 130

(1.30 m³)

Sawmills Biomass

Total 505 m³

OPERATING COST (per ha) OF IMPLEMENTATION / MAINTENANCE

Implementation = R$ 2,012.96 Maintenance = R$ 3,367.50

Total = R$ 5,380.46

THINNING AND FINAL CUTTING 45 m³ X R$ 40.00 = R$ 1,800.00

135 m³ X R$ 50.00 = R$ 6,750.00 325 m³ X R$ 74.46 = R$24,200.00

Total = R$ 32,750.00

REVENUE vs EXPENSES

Expenses up to 12 years R$ 5,380.46 / ha Revenue R$ 32,750.00 / ha PROFITABILITY = R$ 27,369.54 / ha / 12 years Per year = R$ 2,280.80 / ha

PRODUCTION COST vs SALES Total production volume 505 m³ Production cost R$ 5,380.46 Cost per meter of standing timber: R$ 5,380.46 / 505 m³ = R$ 10.65 m³ Minimum sale value of standing

timber: R$ 40.00 m³

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