sustaining raleigh
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Sustaining Raleigh: Intercity Pop-up Farming
Tips for plant selection and maximizing crop yield
Saturday, April 21, 2012
RALEIGH, NC - 75 CENTS
Raleigh Jurisdiction, Wake Co
Mapping the Urban garden fabric of ITB Raleigh
ITB Raleigh Facts:
Urban Gardens movement: Power of the peoples choice
Solutions to the Food CrisisIs it fesible to produce enough fruits and vegetables within the inner beltline to provide for the nutritional needs of Raleigh’s inner beltline residences?
Population:403,892
Area: 142.8 sqmi
Projected growth: 100ppl/day
Household: 112,608
Avg Household sz: 2.3 persons
Demographics:57.5% White29.3% Black11.3% Hispanic4.3% Asian4.5% Other
(2010 Census)
(2000 Census)
Why should we Farm? To meet our nutritional needs Is it possible to become 100% self susatining? What would it take to meet our nutritional intake provided by a garden?
To contribute towards a local economyWould ITB provide jobs for people in need?
To educate What if agriculture was taught at a younger age or an old age? How would it change agriculture in the future?
And most of all...To change cultural preceptions on Urban Farming
DESIRE
educationhealth
economy
PRACTICE
upkeepyield
distribute
sitingorganizationmanagement
POLITICS
non-profit
legal considerations
profit
zoning
policy and practice
organizedgardens
ITB Raleigh Facts:
Age Distribution:>18: 20.9%18 to 24: 15.9%25 to 44: 36.6%45 to 60: 18.4%
Income:Med. household: $46,612Poverty line: 11.3% of tot. pop.7.4% families
Nutritional Needs:(Servings/household/year)4,380 vegetable 3,285 fruit
Lets take a look at how raleigh would accomplish these goals
Nutritional Daily ValuesServing Size: Adult Male
Amount Per Serving
2200 Calories per day
% Total Nutritional Valueunits in mg
Calcium 1000mg 14% Iron 10mg .12%Magnesium 410mg 4.5%Phosphorous 700mg 3.8%Potassium 2000mg 49.7%Sodium 500mg 36.6%Vitamin A 3.0mg .008%
Vitamin B1 1.2mg .013%
Vitamin B2 1.30mg .014%
Vitamin B6 1.7mg .016%
Vitamin C 60mg .66%
Zinc 15mg .12%
Nutritional Daily ValuesServing Size: Adult Female
Amount Per Serving
2200 Calories per day
% Total Nutritional Valueunits in mg
Calcium 1000mg 14% Iron 15mg .12%Magnesium 410mg 4.5%Phosphorous 700mg 3.8%Potassium 2000mg 49.7%Sodium 500mg 36.6%Vitamin A 2.4mg .008%
Vitamin B1 1.1mg .013%
Vitamin B2 1.1mg .014%
Vitamin B6 1.3mg .016%
Vitamin C 60mg .66%
Zinc 12mg .12%
Zinc 12mg .12%
Nutritional Daily ValuesServing Size: Childern
Amount Per Serving
2200 Calories per day
% Total Nutritional Valueunits in mg
Calcium 900mg 14% Iron 11mg .12%Magnesium 240mg 4.5%Phosphorous 1250mg 3.8%Potassium 2000mg 49.7%Sodium 120mg 36.6%Vitamin A 2.1mg .008%
Vitamin B1 .6mg .013%
Vitamin B2 .6mg .014%
Vitamin B6 1.0mg .016%
Vitamin C 50mg .66%
Zinc 10mg .12%
Vegetables5 servings/day
Vegetables4 servings/day
Vegetables3 servings/day
Fruits4 servings/day
Fruits3 servings/day
Fruits2 servings/day
Whats a serving?
Servings in Raleigh
1/2 bell pepper
5 broccoli
1 med carrot
6 baby carrot
1 cup cooked greens
2 celery stalks
1 yam
1 leaf chard
Nutritional Facts:
Produce crop yeildsDepending on how much space I have what should I garden?
What should we Farm?
Cabbagebroccolibrussels sproutsspinachbush peasbeetsradisheschardcauliflowerlettuceceleryparsleypotatocarrotsonionsgarliccucumbercornzucchinitomatobell peppereggplant
Servings/year per household:
ITB Household: 112,608
4,380 vegetable servings3,285 fruit servings
Cold 1
SeasonCrop Possible Biointensive Yeild- Pounds/100 Sq. Ft.Calories/lb
Cold 2Cold 3
Warm
Hot
10 lbs crop
100 lbs yeild
100 Calories
10 calories/lbideal calorie/yield
based on beginner garden experience
Existing Legislation
Proposed Legislation
Where should we Farm? Close to where we work, live, and learnWhat is the current legislation on gardens within the city?
*Zoning districts that would allow Community Gardens as Principal or General Use
- Agriculture is considered for restricted, accessory use in all zoning excluding A-1, RR, CM, AP, SC, NB, BUS, TD, I-1, I-2- Ordinances restricts gardening to non intensive cultivaltion-Limit operation of sale of produce on site
- Agriculture is considered for principal use in non-residential zoning and conditional use in medium to high density residential- Consider temporary use of city owned undeveloped land and surplus public land for urban gardening
areas of potential
ResidentialCommunityCommercial Research
Argicultural Legal System 2012:
Urban Agriculture & Community Gardens City Developemnt Code
Existing Agriculture & Horiculture districts for Wake County
communitygarden
Inter FaithFood Shuttle
Community Greenshouse
EBT garden programing
Edible Schoolyards
agricultural demostrations Gardened School
lunches
horticultural museums
BackyardPlots
Neighborhood Greenhouses
Dense housing plots
agricultural demonstration
food buying clubs:Farm to Fork
Farmers Markets
U-PickFarms
CSAdrop-sites
U-pick farms
Farmers market
EBT garden programs
CSa
healthy soil and environment
Commercial Agriculture
1503 ppl
It’s a smart investmentCommercial urban agriculture is the production of plants, animals, and fungi for processing, sale, and distribution by a revenue-driven organization in an urban environment
Dorothea Dix FarmsHow many people would be provided for if there was an urban farm on Dorothea Dix Campus?
Other sucessful urban agricultural business models:
Business Model:Dix Farm’s provides for:
Lot Next Door Program, NOLA:Allows vacant lots to the used by neighbors for urban agriculture
The Plant, Chicago Il: Uses advanced growing systems, biogas, and anaerobic disgesters to produce maximum yields that’s distributed to Brewery’s, restaurants, and energy systems
Gotham Greens, Queens, NYC:Roof top greenhouse’s using a hydroponic growing system to produce sales to
retailers and restaurants
400,000 sqft garden spaceTotal ITB:- Market Gardens- Food buying Clubs- CSA- Distribution to restaurants, grocery, food banks
380 sqft would provide for 1 person for 1 year producing during a 6-month growing
Where are the people that Dorothea Dix Farms would provide for?
profits reinvested sustainable economic path
Productivity and environmental sustainability
more food and less land
crop diversity nutritious food smarter kids kids stay in school
healthier more productive people
neighbors accept practices
better farmers
trade crops and services in local markets
create jobs more income
better family nutrition, health, and income
economic properity
Smart agricultural investments
Unit: 1:1 CustomerMini-Garden
communitygarden
Community AgricultureClose to where we liveWhat if I dont have the time or space to provide for myself? How can my community or neighborhood work together to grow for everyones nutritional needs?
Capital Square Gardens: Neighborhood Garden How many people would be provider for if there was an urban farm on Dorothea Dix Campus?
13,066 ppl Community Model:
Capital Sq provides for:
Unit: 1:1 Simple Mini-Garden
- 1,960,000 sqft garden spaceTotal Population:Dwntwn Zoning: High Density R-10-30
150 sqft would provide for 1 person for 1 year producing during a 6-month growing season
maximum city block 1400ft x 1400ft
Other sucessful urban community gardens:Inuvik Community
Greenhouse, Canada:Adaptive re-use of a hockey arena into a greenhouse serving 3700 residence
Artscape Wychwood Barns, Toronto, Cananda: 60,000sqft Event space providing for multi use cultural space with a substantial urban agricultural component
The Science Barge, Yonkers, NY: Experiemental and educational project set on a barge that uses cutting edge techniques to examine the potential food production yields
Pop.: Neighborhood1,793: Oakwood 1,232: Mordecai480: Glenwood112: Madonna Acres387: Windsor Park367: Oakdale 680: Glenwood South68: Blount859: Cameron Park202: North Boylan3,930: King Charles 1,802: Oakwood1,083: College Park114: Lincoln Terrace268: Pinecrest33: Fayettville724: Boylan Heights414: East Gateway221: Joe Louis Park15,449: Total : Vacant lot/City owned
Backyard Plots
Residential AgricultureClose to where we liveHow much can I grow in my back yard depending on my income, family size, and lot size?
Low vs. High Income & Density ResidentialCan I provide for my own family in my own backyard?
Avg. Lot: 40,705 sqftAvg. House: 3,000 sqftAvg Family size: 3.2 ppl
1302 sqft would provide for 4 people for 1 year producing during a 6-month growing season
Other sucessful urban residential agriculture:The Incredible Edible House, Fritz Haeg:Exploring the ideals behind manicured lawns and how new housing patterns within the city require new ideas about how food production may be incorporated within urban residences
The Henside of the Beltline Tour d’ Coop, Raleigh NC:Annual Chicken Coop tour raising non-perishable food and money for Urban Ministries
Toolbox for Sustainable Living, Mathew Moore: publication on how to becoming argiculturally sustainble
Unit: 1:4 Family Food Garden
house looks like this
garden looks like this
Avg.: 3,000 sqft
4-person garden: 1,300 sqft
R Zoning
Boyland Heights Neighborhood South Saunders Neighborhood
R-20-30R-15-20R-10-15
*Density increases as # increases
120,699 ITB Housing
School gardens
agricultural demo
Educational AgricultureSchool Yards as learning environmentsCan we teach our childern how to provide for themselve in another way?
Edible School YardsWhat if agriculture was taught at a younger age? How would it change agriculture in the future?
17 kidsThat’s 1 classroom of knowledge and nutrition!
Educational Model:Avg. School Yard provides for:
- ITB kickballfield: 805,000 sqft -Total childern ITB: 84,413 (20.9% of Raleigh’s Pop. is below the age of 18)Schools in Raleigh:- 104 Elementary- 32 Middle School- 25 High school
- 300 sqft would provide for 1 kid for 1 year producing during a 6-month growing season- 5000 sqft kickball field/school
Unit: 1:1 School Lunch Mini-Garden
Other sucessful urban residential agriculture:The Edible Schoolyard, Brooklyn, New York:School program that challenges the attitudes regarding the provision of food within an urban context
The Edible Campus, Montreal, Canada:Developed innovative methods for gardening in challenging city paces, increased access to healthy food, and reduced food miles.
Public Farm 1 Long Island City, NY:Artistic approach to local food provision
805,000 sqft kickball field
Private SchoolPublic
School
Agricultural InfrastructureIntroducing an Urbanized Garden System for Raleigh NCHow does the existing infrastructure delegate a new proposed agricultural infrastructure?
Existing Agriculture
ProposedAgriculture Zoning
ProposedAgriculture Project
CSA
Farmers Market
Schools
Vacant Open Space
Market Gardens, U-pick
farms, edible schoolyards,
backyard plots, HR opportunity
garden
City owned Open Space
High density Residential
High-med density Residential
Medium density Residential
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