syllabus in science
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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES TIMEFRAM
E
COURSE CONTENT REFERENCEMATERIALS
STRATEGIES/ACTIVITIES EVALUAT
PRELIMINARYPERIOD
1. Discussreasons for
studying EarthScience
2. Discuss themeaning ofearth Scienceand alliedsciences
1. Identify thedifferent stepsof ScientificMethod
2. Discuss theimportance ofcuriosity andaskingquestions inscientificresearch
3. Identify anddescribecommonlyused maps inEarth Science
4. Accurately
locate a
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FOUNDATIONS OPFEARTH SCIENCE
A. Why study EarthScience?
Importance Scope
Definition
PROBLEM SOLVING INEARTH SCIENCE
B. Knowing more aboutthe Earth
Problem solving
Mapping theEarth
Tools in EarthScience
Lecture/discussion
Question &Answer/Sharing
Group work
Audio/Videopresentation
Quiz/M
Recita
Seatw
ReactPaper
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certain placeon earth usingits latitude andlongitude
1. Name the mostcommon gases
found in air2. Describe three
ways that theatmospheresupports andprotects life
3. List the layersof theatmosphere
4. Name theinstrumentsused to makeweatherobservations
5. Explain why airpressuremeasurementsare adjusted tosea level
6. Draw a stationmodel usingstandardweathersymbols
7. Describe a
places
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EARTHS ATMOSPHEREC. Properties of the
Atmosphere
Atmospherescomposition
Layers of theatmosphere
D. Observing the Weather
Measuring temperature,
wind, and pressure Measuring water in the
air
Measuring air pollutants
Other instruments
E. Reading Weather Data
Plotting weather data
Reading weathersymbols on a map
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weather byreading itsstation model
8. Give thecharacteristicsof highs andlows
9. Describe fourtypes of airmasses
10. Describefour kinds offronts
1. Tell why theEarth isunevenlyheated
2. Explain whywater changestemperaturemore slowlythan land
3. List three waysthe Earthssurface heatsthe
atmosphere
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F. Weather Patterns
Patterns of air pressure
Models of highs andlows
Fronts
ENERGY AND THEATMOSPHERE
G. Sunlight Energysource for Earth
The energy in asunbeam
Effects of latitude
and time Sunlight in the
atmosphere
Sunlight atEarths surface
H. The atmospheresenergy sources
Conduction andconvection
Latent heat
Radiation
The atmospheres
energy budget
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4. Explain howevaporationtransfersenergy to theair
5. Tell howcarbon dioxide
affectstemperature
1. Explain howairscapacity forwater vapordepends onthetemperature
2. Name threeexamples of
condensation nuclei
3. Explain howa cloudforms
4. List threemajor cloudshapes
5. Explain howmany clouddroplets donot freeze
when
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WATER IN THEATMOSPHERE
I. Water vapor in the air
Water vapor inthe air
Condensation
Condensationnuclei
J. Clouds: Droplets in theair
How clouds form Low clouds
Middle and highcloud formation
Middle and highcloud types
K. Precipitation: Fromclouds to Earth
How rain and
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cooledbelow 0oC
6. Describetwo waysthatprecipitation forms
7. List sixkinds ofprecipitation
8. Tell howcloudseedingcausesprecipitation
1. Compare the
weather indifferent partsof a convectioncell
2. List threefactors thataffect wind
3. Explain why airusually travelsin curvedpaths
4. Describe how
thunderstorms,
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snow form
Other types ofprecipitation
WINDS AND WEATHERL. How winds form
Convection
The Coriolis effect
The rule of spin
Friction
M. Violent circulations
Thunderstorms
Tornadoes Typhoons
N. Frontal cyclones
The polar front
Formation offrontal cyclones
Movement offrontal typhoons
O. General circulation
Global wind
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thunder, andlightning form
5. Tell howtornadoes andstorms form
6. Describe theway frontal
storm formsand moves
7. Find thedirection of thenearest stormcenter
8. Sketch globalwind patterns
9. Name thefactorsaffectingclimate
10. Given its
location,describe aregionsclimate
1. Describethedistributionof theworldswater
supply
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patterns
Global weatherand climate
EARTHS WATERSEarths Fresh Water
P. The Earths watersupply
A water inventory
Fresh water: Abasic need
Water: Arenewableresource
Getting water
Q. How water enters theEarth
Infiltration
Porosity andpermeability
R. Water inside the Earth
Where water goesunderground
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2. Explain whyit isimportant toconservefresh water
3. Explain howwater
enters theEarth
4. Explain therelationshipbetweenporosity,permeability, andinfiltration
5. Diagram theunderground zones ofwater
6. State howgroundwater formssprings,swamps,and wells
7. State theconditionsunder whichprecipitation becomesrunoff
8. Describe
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Depth of watertable
Tapping groundwater
S. Streams: Water on theEarth
Runoff
Streams
Stream pattern
Stream flow
Floods
OceansT. Topography of the sea
floor
Sea floor features
Mapping the seafloor
U. Properties of sea water
Composition ofsea water
The changing
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how astreamforms
9. Identifyseveralconditionsthat lead to
flooding
MIDTERMPERIOD1. Sketch a
typicalocean floor
2. Describehow theoceansdepth ismeasured
3. List four
commoningredientsof sea water
4. Explain howthe watercycle affectsthecompositionof sea water
5. Outline thetemperature changes
that occur
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composition ofsea water
Temperature ofsea water
V. Motions of the sea
Waves
Long waves
Currents
W. Life in the sea
Sea communities
Keeping the seahealthy
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in sea waterat differentdepths
6. Describethe effectsof waves onshorelines
7. Explain thecause oftides
8. Contrastsurfacecurrentswith deepwatercurrents
9. Name threemaincategoriesof sea life,
and statehow theydiffer
10. Nametwo ways inwhichpeoplethreatenocean life
1. State thecharacteristic of
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EARTHS SURFACEMinerals
X. What a mineral is
Mineral
characteristics Mineral groups
Mineral formationY. Mineral properties
Identifyingminerals
How minerals areused
Conservingminerals
Rocks
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minerals
2. Explain howminerals areclassified
3. Describethe three
ways inwhich amineral mayform
4. Describethepropertiesused toidentifyminerals
5. Contrast thepropertiesof metallic
andnonmetallicminerals
6. Explain howmineralsshould beconserved
1. List threeways ofidentifyingandclassifying
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Z. An introduction to rocks
Rockcharacteristics
Three types ofrock
AA. Igneous rock
Types of igneousrock
Igneous rockcomposition
Some commonigneous rocks
BB. Sedimentary rock
From sedimentsto rocks
Characteristics ofsedimentary rock
Types ofsedimentary rock
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rocks2. Compare
andcontrast thethree typesof rocks
3. Describe
howigneousrock isformed
4. Describethe differenttextures ofigneousrock
5. List somecommonigneousrocks and
theircharacteristics
6. Describehow rocksare formedfromsediment
7. List theidentifyingfeatures ofthree types
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CC. Metamorphic rock
Factors thatchange rock
Types ofmetamorphic rock
The rock cycle
Weathering and soilDD. Weathering of the
Earths surface
Physicalweathering
Chemicalweathering
Factors that affectweathering
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ofsedimentaryrock
8. Explain howcoal forms
9. Tell howmetamorphi
c rocks areformed10.List the
characteristics ofmetamorphic rock
11. Describethe rockcycle
1. Compareandcontrastphysicalandchemicalweathering
2. Describesomeprocesses thatcause
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EE. Soil: A product of
weathering What soil is
Soil formation
Soil horizons
Soil and humanactivity
Erosion andDeposition
FF.Processes of erosionand deposition
Agents of erosion
Factors affectingerosion
Factors affectingdeposition
Bedding ofsediment
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eachtype ofweathering
3. State thefactorsthat
affectweathering
4. Explainhow soilforms
5. Describethe threesoilhorizons
6. List someways soilcan be
conserved
1. Explainwhatprocessesareconstantlychangingthe Earthssurface
2. Name the
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GG. The work of gravity
Erosion by gravity
Rapid masswasting
Slow masswasting
HH. The work ofmoving water
Erosion by rainand runoff
Erosion bystreams
Stages of astream
Deposition bystreams
II. The work of wind
Erosion by wind
Features formedby wind erosion
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agents oferosion
3. Describethe factorsthat affectthe carryingand
depositingofsediments
4. List types ofmasswasting
5. Describehow talusforms
6. Explain howrunoff andstreamserode the
land7. Summarize
the stagesin astreamsdevelopment
8. Describesome landfeaturesformed bystreamdeposition
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Features formedby winddeposition
JJ. The work of glaciers
Movement of
glaciers Types of glaciers
Erosion byglaciers
Glacial deposits
Lakes
EARTHS INTERIOR
Movements of the EarthscrustKK. Evidence of
crustal movement
Motion inprogress
Evidence of pastmotion
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9. Describetwo wayswind erodesland
10. Nametwo landfeatures
formed bywinddeposition
11. Tell howglaciersform
12. Explainhow glacierserode theland
13. Describelandfeatures
formed byglacialdeposits
FINALPERIOD1. List direct
evidence ofcrustalmotion inprogress
2. Describeindirect
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LL.Forces that move thecrust
Forces in manydirections
Forces from themantle
The effects ofgravity androtation
MM. Effects of crustalmovement
Joints
Faults
Movement alonga fault
FoldsNN. Landforms from
crustal movement
Mountains
Plateaus
plains
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evidence ofpast crustalmotion
3. Identifyareas wherethe crust issinking
underdeposits ofsediment
4. Tell howthree kindsof forcescan movethe crust
5. Explain howthe mantleappliesforces onthe crust
6. Describehow gravitycan affectthe crust
7. Comparejoints tofaults
8. Describethe threekinds offaults
9. Explain howrocks can
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EarthquakesOO. Earthquakes:
Causes and effects
Causes of
earthquakes Where
earthquakes start
Effects ofearthquakes
PP. Measuringearthquakes
The seismograph
Types of seismicwaves
Earthquakemeasurements
Earthquake zones
QQ. Progress inseismology
The earthquakes
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bend10. Describe
how crustalmovementscan buildmountains
11. Compare
plateauswithmountains
12. Compareandcontrastplains andplateaus
1. Explainwhathappensduring an
earthquake2. Describe
the ElasticReboundTheory
3. List some ofthe effectsofearthquakes
4. Describehowearthquakesare
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interior
Prediction andcontrol
VolcanoesRR. Earths fiery
interior
Heat within theEarth
Sources of heat
Hot liquid rock
SS. Volcanism aboveground
How a volcanoforms
Volcaniceruptions
Volcanicstructures
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detected5. List two
measurements thatscientistsuse to studyearthquakes
6. Locatethree mainearthquakezones
7. Identify thewarningsignsprecedingearthquakes
8. Describeone methodofearthquake
controlcurrentlybeingexplored
1. Giveevidencethat theEarthsinterior ishot
2. Namepossible
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Volcanoes:present and past
TT. Volcanismunderground
Intrusions
Other effects ofvolcanism
Plate TectonicsUU. Early theories
Isostasy
Continental drift
Sea floorspreading
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sources ofthe Earthsinternalheat
3. State thepropertiesof magmaand lava
4. Describetheformation ofa volcano
5. Contrast aquieteruptionwith anexplosiveeruption
6. Identifyseveral
volcanicstructures
7. Identify thefour rockstructuresformed byintrusions
8. Describesurfacelandformsformed byintrusions
9. Explain how
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VV. Plate tectonics: aunifying theory
The plate tectonicmodel
Plate movements Hot spots
WW. Plate tectonics:past, present, andfuture
The plate tectonic
picture Practical
applications ofplate tectonics
EARTHS HISTORYMeasuring GeologicTime
XX. Determiningrelative age
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a geysererupts
1. Nameseveraltheoriesthat soughtto explaincrustalchanges
2. Present theevidence insupport ofeach ofthese earlytheories
3. Explain theweak pointsof each ofthese earlytheories
4. List thetypes ofplateboundaries
5. Namesurfacefeaturesthat formalong eachtype ofplateboundary
6. Describe
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Geologic time
The story in rocks
The age of thingspast
Basic principles inEarth history
Determining
relative age
YY. Determiningabsolute age
Absolute dating:early attempts
Radioactiveisotopes: atomicclocks
Radioactivedating
Earths PastZZ. Fossils:
fingerprints of life
What fossils are
Where fossils are
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how a chainof underseavolcanoes isformed
7. Outline themovementsof theEarthsplates
8. Give onepracticalapplicationof platetectonics
1. Comparerelative ageandabsoluteage
2. Explain thePrinciples ofUniformProcess andSuperposition
3. Describeseveralways inwhichrelative agecan bedetermined
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found
Types of fossils
AAA. Fossils: key to thepast
Fossils change
Fossils andchanging life
Fossils and theage of rocks
BBB. Ages of the Earth
The geologiccolumn
The GeologicTime Scale
The Precambrianera
The Paleozoic era
The Mesozoic era
The Cenozoic era
EARTH IN SPACEAn Orbit System:Sun, Earth, and MoonCCC. The Sun: Earthsstar
The photosphere:the Sphere ofLight
Outer layers
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4. Discussearlyattempts atabsolutedating
5. Describethe processofradioactivedecay
6. Calculate anobjectsabsoluteage
1. Describehow atypical fossilforms
2. Name the
types offossils andexplain howeach isformed
3. Describehow fossilsprovideclues to thepast
4. Explain howindex fossilshelp date
The Suns interior
DDD. Day and night onplanet Earth
The Earthsrotation
Earths rotationand time
Time zonesaround the world
Lights and night
EEE. Earths orbit andseasons
A look at theEarths orbit
The cause of theEarths seasons
Time adjustmentsduring the year
FFF. The moon: Earthssatellite
Our nearestneighbor in space
Phases and themoons orbit
Eclipses
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rocks5. Compare
the geologiccolumn andtheGeologicTime Scale
6. List theevents andlife formscommon foreachgeologic era
1. Describethe parts ofthe Sun
2. Name themostplentiful
gases onthe Sun3. Describe
the Sunsenergy-producingprocess
4. Listevidencethat Earthrotates
5. Estimatetime by the
The Solar SystemGGG. Observing thesolar system
The Suns family
Tools forobserving thesolar system
Radio telescopes Satellites and
space probes
Rockets
HHH. Touring the solarsystem
The inner planets
The belt of
miniature planets
The outer planetsIII. Other members ofthe Suns family
Comets: visitorsfrom space
Shooting stars:meteors
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Sunsposition inthe sky
6. CompareEarth to amagnet
7. Giveevidencethat theEarth isrevolving
8. Relate theEarthsseasons toits orbit
9. Describesomesurfacefeatures ofthe moon
10. Namethe phasesof the moon
11. Explainhoweclipses ofthe sun andmoon occur
1. Trace thedevelopment of themodern
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model ofthe solarsystem
2. Describethe threekinds oftelescope
3. Explain how
space travelhas helpedastronomers study thesolarsystem
4. Comparethe innerplanets
5. Describeasteroids
6. Compare
the outerplanets7. Describe
whathappens toa cometapproachingthe Sun
8. Explain whya cometmay appearregularly
9. Explain
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what ashootingstar is
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