technical guide 1 & 2 hardware and software. how do companies decide what to buy? 2

Technical Guide 1 & 2

Hardware and Software

How do companies decide what to buy?

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How do you decide what to buy?

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TG1.3 Computer Hierarchy

Supercomputers

Mainframe Computers

Midrange Computers

TG1.3 Computer Hierarchy

Microcomputers

What does hardware mean to you?

Hardware

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Hardware Consists of ….

• Central Processing Unit

• Primary Storage

• Secondary Storage

• Communication Technologies

• Input and Output Technologies

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What technology do you need?

• Tablets vs. Laptops• Tablet Comparisons• Laptop Comparison

• Things to consider• Purpose• Central Processing Unit• Primary Storage • Secondary Storage

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How computers processes information

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CPU &Storage Input &

Output

How computers processes information

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Central Processing Unit

Primary Memory

Secondary Memory

Example

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Designed to perform the actual computation or “number crunching” inside the computer.

32 vs. 64 bit processing Choosing the right processor

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Memory - Where do we store information?

3.1 Primary Storage – handles small amounts of information to be used immediately by the CPU (internal)

3.2 Secondary Storage – stores larger amounts for extended periods of time (can be both internal or external)

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Memory Capacity

Bit

Byte

In this picture:01001000represents the letter H

Letter “H” = 8 bits = 1 byte

Kilobyte (KB) ~1,000 bytes

Megabyte (MB) ~1,000,000 bytes

Gigabyte (GB) ~1,000,000,000 bytes

Terabyte (TB) ~1,000,000,000,000 bytes

Petabyte (PB) ~ 1,000 TB

Exabyte (EB) ~ 1,000 PB

Zettabyte ~ 1,000 EB

Primary Storage

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RegisterHow much

RAM?

Cache ROM

Why the CPU and RAM is important?

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Secondary Storage

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Optical Storage (CD – 700 MB, DVD – 4.7 GB)

Flash memory devices and thumb drives (GBs)

External Hard Drives (TBs)

Input and Output Technologies

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4.1 Input Technologies• Human Data-Entry• Source-Data Automation

4.2 Output Technologies• Monitors• Printers

Input Technologies – Human Input

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Input technologies then….

The “original” mouse

A punch card for mainframe processing

One of the first apple computers

Input Technologies – Human Input

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Input technologies now….

Input Technologies – Human Input

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Input technologies to come….

Microsoft multi-touch screen

Microsoft Surface Computing offers a new interface for users

Gesture Sensing

Output Technologies

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E-Readers

LG High Definition Monitors

Laser Printers

iPad

How do companies decide what to buy?: Strategic Hardware Issues What do organizations need to consider when

thinking about hardware?

• How do they keep pace with advancements?• How often should they upgrade?

• Will upgrading increase productivity? • How do we assess this increase in productivity?

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Additional Organization considerations:

How are organizations structured?• What are the needs of the organization?• Do employees telecommute? What type of devices

are needed?• Will they work within the current environment of

hardware being used within the organization?

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How do companies decide what to buy?: Strategic Hardware Issues

TG2.1 Introduction to Software

Software

Computer program

Stored program concept

Documentation

© Karsten Ehlers/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Software Issues

Software Defects

Software Licensing

Open Systems

Open Source Software © Karsten Ehlers/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Types of Software

System software

Application software

TG2.3 Systems Software

Operating Systems

Functions of the Operating System

Graphical User Interface

Social Interface

Enhanced interfaces•Google Glass•Meta SpaceGlasses

Class Exercise

You are responsible for setting up a new lab in the CIS Building. There will be a need for 30 devices accessing the network including at least 5 of these needing to be mobile. This lab will be used to teach MIS 213 and a programming class (VB.Net).

What hardware/software would you suggest to accomplish the needs above?

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Class Exercise

Steps:

1.Determine how you will use the computers?

2.Choose computer software

3.Choose computer hardware

4.Protect you computer system

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