temporal and spatial invasion
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Temporal and Spatial Invasion
Time
Generation and ‘a half’• Field invasion
• Large fires
• First generation poor wood quality– “wolf trees”
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
INVASION
Harsher siteMesic site
YEARS AFTER DISTURBANCE
# O
F TR
EES
Cohort
Cohort = all trees that initiate after a disturbance. Oldest trees in a cohort are those that initiate first; youngest trees are those that initiate just before all growing space is occupied.
Cohorts
Age
Num
ber o
f tr
ees
Space
CLUMPINESS
• Variable density
• Microsite
Stem maps?
• Asymmetric crowns
• Leaning trees
Including the 3rd dimension
• Lower strata can be clumped at a different spatial scale
• Scale
• Grain size
A B C D
E F G H
Random?
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Basic Stocking and Yield
1.0
0.0
Rel
ativ
e Yi
eld
Stocking
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Elements of Regeneration Stocking
Basic• Are there enough trees to occupy all of
the available growing space?
Enhanced• Is the growing space allocated in a
manner that we will achieve our desired future forest condition?
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Allocation of Growing Space- a simple case -
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Allocation of Growing Space- a more complex case -
• Species composition• Species Intermingling• Spatial Pattern• Vertical Structure• Scale• Stand Density
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Succession - Conifers
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Succession - Conifers
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Succession - Conifers
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Succession - Conifers
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Succession - Conifers
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
Succession - Mixedwoods
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
The Conifer Free-Growing Paradigm
OK Not OK
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
The Conifer Free-Growing Paradigm
Mixedwoods are a continuumof competitive conditions
Seeing The Forest Beyond The Trees
New Mixedwood Paradigmfor Regeneration Standards
C CD DC D
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