the art of making effective presentation 1010 part one
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8/11/2019 The Art of Making Effective Presentation 1010 Part One
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What are we going to discuss
• What is an effective presentation
• Stage Fright
• Voice as a Communication tool• Logical structure of a presentation
• Delivery• Power point esthetics
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Where
presentation skills are
required
• Departmental briefings
• Conferences and meetings• Teaching
• Academic and other job interviews
• As part of your job
• Extracurricular activities
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Why Is It
Important?
Good ideas will not be
recognised unless they
are effectivelycommunicated to
others
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Public speaking is one of the most
feared thing
Stage Fright
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• fear of being judged• inadequate preparation
• unfamiliarity with the audience or theenvironment
• fear of the unknown
• negative past experiences
What
Causes Stage Fright
I could make a fool of myself
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It is normal
Almost everyone experiences
some nervousness about
speaking in
some situations.
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Nervousness Is Normal
Your body is responding by
producing extra adrenaline,a hormone released into the
bloodstream in response tophysical or mental stress
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• Know your audience• Re-create the speech environment
• Use visual aids
• Don’t expect perfection
• Know that most nervousness is not visible
• Rehearse Success
Reducing Speech Anxiety
Prepare, prepare, prepare
Preparation is the Key
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Presenting is a Skill…
Developed through experience
and training.
Great speakers aren’t bornthey are trained
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UNCONSCIOUOS INCOMPETANCE
KNOWLEDGE
CONSCIOUS INCOMPETANCE
PRACTICE
CONSCIOUS COMPETANCE
EXPERIENCE
UNCONSCIOUS COMPETANCE
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Transferable skills are alwaysnecessary, regardless of the
career you choose.
Transferable Skills
Communication skillsListening skills
Problem-solving skills
Adaptability skillsTeamwork skills
Organizing skills
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0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
Decision m aking
IT skills
Planning
Written comm unication
Managing one's own learning
Coping with multiple tasks
Presentation skills
Team work
Time management
Oral communication
Top 10 skills in order of importance
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To Inform
To PersuadeTo Instruct
Formal or informal
Why Presentation
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You
Information
Visuals
You Visuals
Information
You
Information
Visuals
Information
Visuals You
Components of Good Presentation
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Theme
Tone
SupportVisuals Story Data
Point Point Point Point Point
Closing
Presentation Flow
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Your purpose is totell an
interesting story of
your idea
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1. Tell what you are going to tell
2. Tell it
3. Then, tell what you have told
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John Kennedy
“Ask not what your country can do for you;
“ask what you can do for your country”.
Same message: many ways to deliver
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Martin Luther King.
I have a dreamthat one daythis nation will rise up;live up to the true meaning to its creed:
We hold these truths to be self-evidentthat all men are created equal.
Vocal Skills : Enthusiasm
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Here are some of the things many listeners
want from a talk:
CONTENT
Conveys new information
Poses an interesting question
Conveys how people in other fields think
Describes important ideas Novel discovery
CLARITY AND ORGANIZATION
Understandable
Avoids jargon
Uses clear and simp le visual aids
Well organized Enables me to catch up if I space out
Doesn’t run over time
STYLE AND DELIVERY
Keeps me awake Varies voice
Conveys enthusiasm
Doesn’t stay in one place
Friendly and approachable
EXPERTISE
Credible Inspires trust and confidence
Answers questions clearly
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Change in Thinking
Higher level of understandingChange in Performance
Change in Behavior
Learning
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Audio Visual Media
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Content of A Slide
• Purpose
–Complement speaker
–Talk ≠ technical report
• Density
–7 lines/page
–4 words/line
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Slides Enhance Speaker
• Speaker dominates
–Faces audience
–Provides content
• Slides support speaker
–Reinforce message
–Orient listeners
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Speaker Reads Slides
• A speaker may put his entire presentation on hisslides. He turns his back to the audience andreads the slides aloud. Perhaps he feels thisapproach guarantees all the information will get tothe audience.
• This may be the most annoying way to give apresentation. Audience members feel insulted:they already know how to read! They wonder whythe lecturer doesn’t simply hand out a copy of theslides.
• The visual presentation dominates the presenter.The presenter is not adding any value to what is
on the slides.
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Color Wheel
Primary colors (outside)
Secondary colors (inside )
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Readability
• Make sure people in the back can read it!• High contrast between text and background
• Be careful with busy backgrounds
This is good
This is not good
This is good
This is not good
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Contrast
White on yellow Yellow on white
Black on blue Blue on black
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Choose Color Carefully
Similar intensities
draw attention but make
details hard to see.
Strong, clean contrast
draws attention, makes
details easy to see
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Make It Clear
• Use contrasting colours
• Light on dark vs dark on light
• Use complementary colours
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Types of Font
busy
ZZclear
Sanserif Serif
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Project a Clear Font
easy to read in printed document
Times New Roman
Palatino
Serif
easy to see projected in the room
Arial
Helvetica
Sans serif
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Use sans serif fonts.
Sans serifArial, 24-pt
Involvement
The importance of a
topic to the speaker.
Serif Bookman, 24-pt
Involvement
The importance of a
topic to the speaker.
M k It Cl
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Make It Clear
• CAPITAL LETTERS ARE DIFFICULT TO
READ
• Upper and lower case letters are
easier
• Our eyes need to capture the shapesof the letters above and below the
line
• Words in all capital letters havenearly the same visual shape
• Make limited use of all capital letters
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Make it Big (Text)
• This is Arial 12
• This is Arial 18
• This is Arial 24
• This is Arial 36
• This is Arial 40
• This is Arial 44• This is Arial 48
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How Big (How to Estimate)
Look at it from 2 metres away
2 m
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Use n mbers for lists ith
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Use numbers for lists with
sequence
How to put an elephant into afridge?
1. Open the door of the fridge
2. Put the elephant in
3. Close the door
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How to put a giraffe into a fridge?
1. Open the door of the fridge
2. Take out the elephant
3. Put the giraffe in
4. Close the door
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Bullets
Use bullets to show a list without
– Priority
– Sequence
– Hierarchy, …..
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Typical Eye Movement
• Upper left
• Upper right• Lower left
• Lower right
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Mixing Important
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Mixing Important
Unimportant Words
• The isoefficiency and the scalability
metrics of a parallel algorithm are
crucial• The typical parallel computers of the
future will have thousands of CPUs and
terabytes of RAM
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Important Words Only
Crucial metrics
–Isoefficiency
–Scalability functionFuture systems
–Thousands of CPUs
–Terabytes of RAM
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Unbalanced Lists
Speedup
–Sequential time
–Parallel time
• Parallel computations
• Parallel overhead
Efficiency
B l d Li t
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Balanced Lists
Speedup
– Expresses time reduction
– Sequential time, parallel time,overhead
Efficiency
– Expresses processor utilization
– Speedup, number of processors
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Grammatical Parallelism
Not Parallel:Criteria to Assess Alarm System
• Price
• Effectiveness• How easily the alarm could be installed
Parallel:
Criteria to Assess Alarm System• Price
• Effectiveness
• Ease of installation
Progressive Method
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Progressive Method
f
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Complexity of Interactions
M o d e
of I n s t r u c t
i on
Individual Pair Group
DirectInstruction
GuidedInquiry
DiscoveryLearning
Individual
Instructive
Tools
Individual
Constructive
Tools
Social
Constructive
Tools
Social
Communicative
Tools
Types of Instructional Tools
Individual
Constructive
Tools
Social
Constructive
Tools
Individual
Instructive
Tools
Individual
Constructive
Tools
Social
Constructive
Tools
Social
Communicative
Tools
Individual
Instructive
Tools
Individual
Constructive
Tools
Social
Constructive
Tools
Too many in one go!
Informational Tools
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Text Animation
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Text Animation
“ Fl I ” F il
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“ Fly In ” Fails
• Could you read this?
• How about this one?
• Maybe the third time is the
charm!
“Wi f L ft” W k
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“Wipe from Left” Works
• Less distracting
• Reduces eye movement
• Increases readability
Displaying Visuals
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Displaying Visuals
G hi
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Graphics
Standard Personalized
G hi
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Graphics
Tired andoverworked
clipart
Fresh andmemorable
photo
Di l i Vi l
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Displaying Visuals
• Insert needed visuals
• Use color
• Resize appropriately
• Draw attention
That was purely
gratuitous!
Transition & Animation
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DONTS
• Don’t include unnecessaryanimated GIFs
• Don’t use complex
transitions between
elements.• Don’t use animations
alone to convey meaning.
• And cool it with the soundeffects.
Use Surprise to Attract not to Distract
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• Supplement presentation
• Simple and clear
• Outline of main points• Serve audience’s needs not of
speaker’s
Visual Aids Should…
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Thanks for Your Attention
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