the challenge: avoidable blindness and visual impairment worldwide
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International Council of Ophthalmology/International Council of Ophthalmology/International Federation of Ophthalmological International Federation of Ophthalmological SocietiesSocieties
The Challenge:Avoidable Blindness and
Visual Impairment Worldwide
(Data from the World Health Organization - WHO)
The World RealityThe World Reality(WHO Global database 2002)(WHO Global database 2002)
Population based survey, WHO definitionData from other sources and/or other definitionNo data available
230 studies96 countries
Magnitude (2002 population)Magnitude (2002 population)• Global estimate (best corrected VA)Global estimate (best corrected VA)
– Visual impairment: 161 millionVisual impairment: 161 million– of whom:of whom:
•37 million Blind37 million Blind•124 million Low Vision124 million Low Vision
Wpr26%
Afr17%
Emr10%
Amr10%
Eur10%
Sear27%
Visual ImpairmentVisual ImpairmentRegional DistributionRegional Distribution
Best correctedBest correctedVisual AcuityVisual Acuity< 6/18 (0.3)< 6/18 (0.3)
Number of Visually ImpairedNumber of Visually Impaired((per Million Population)per Million Population)
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Afr Emr Sear Wpr Amr Eur
Global Distribution of BlindnessGlobal Distribution of Blindness (by Cause)(by Cause)1995 vs. 20021995 vs. 2002
CataractCataract42 %42 %
TrachomaTrachoma15 %15 %
GlaucomaGlaucoma14%14%
Oncho.Oncho.1 %1 %
OtherOther28 %28 %
19951995
CataractCataract47 %47 %
TrachomaTrachoma4 %4 %GlaucomaGlaucoma
12%12%
Oncho.Oncho.1 %1 %
OtherOther13 %13 %
ARMDARMD9%9%
Ch BlCh Bl4%4%DRDR5%5%
COCO5%5%
20022002
Global Trends in BlindnessGlobal Trends in BlindnessOriginal factors remain unchanged…Original factors remain unchanged…
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
19901992 19941996 1998 20002002 20042006
Ageing + Population growth + UnderdevelopmentAgeing + Population growth + Underdevelopment
Vision 2020still relevant!
< 125
125- 249
250 - 499
Cataract Surgical Rate < 500
Immediate ImplicationsImmediate ImplicationsUnfinished agenda:Unfinished agenda:
• Refractive ErrorsRefractive Errors• TrachomaTrachoma• OnchocerciasisOnchocerciasis• XerophthalmiaXerophthalmia• CataractCataract• Diabetic RetinopathyDiabetic Retinopathy• GlaucomaGlaucoma
Medium/Long Term ImplicationsMedium/Long Term Implications
• Changing Patterns:Changing Patterns:– More linked to lifestyle, chronic More linked to lifestyle, chronic
diseasesdiseases– Age-related Macula DegenerationAge-related Macula Degeneration
– 33rdrd Global Cause Global Cause– 11stst Cause in an increasing # Cause in an increasing # of countriesof countries
0102030405060708090
Est marketec
Formersoc.ec Eur
India China LatinAmer&Car
Middle East OtherAsia&Isl
Sub-Saharan Afr
20002030
WHO, Wild & Roglic, 2004
Number of Persons with DiabetesNumber of Persons with Diabetes (in millions)(in millions)
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