the katahdin hairald

Quarterly Newsletter of Katahdin Hair Sheep International

The Katahdin Hairald

Summer 2015Volume 27, No. 2 www.katahdins.org

Welcome New Members February - April, 2015

New Youth MembershipsAlyssa Speck of Speck Farms ........................................Dayton, IA

Chloe Speck of Speck Farms .........................................Dayton, IA

Jason Kauffman of Orchard View Sheep..........................Arthur, IL

Evan Kelly of Evan’s Katahdins ...............................Springfield, KY

Kaylee Large of Seven Peaks Farm ........................... Newport, TN

Elizabeth Mullins of Three M Farm ........................... Clintwood, VA

New Voting MembershipsBrian & Abby Gibson of Gibson Katahdins ....................... Tillar, AR

Ware or Lynn Russell of Warelynn Farm ....................Camden, AR

Andrew & Madeleine Schwerin of Sycamore Bend Farm ................

........................................................................ Eureka Springs, AR

Lester Brooks of Brooks Family Farm .......................Red Bluff, CA

Jacqueline Meehan of Werewolf Ranch ...............Grass Valley, CA

Steve & Cathy Moore of Moore Natural Ranch .....Granite Bay, CA

Justin Gerrans & Gloria Pizzo ..............................Grass Valley, CA

Lilian Garcia-Rivera of Lilly’s Goats ........................Homestead, FL

Scott Johnson of Musickal Acres ..................................Baldwin, FL

Hamish & Bibiann Lusty of Lustindale ...................... Thomson, GA

Misalam Pohlel of M P Homestead ......................... Loganville, GA

William Evans of 2nd Chance Cross Ministry ............Bettendorf, IA

Ken, Kathy & Sarah Von Qualen of Temporary Heaven Farm ........

................................................................................. Dalton City, IL

Mark Gray of Woodhall Farm .......................................Gosport, IN

Randal & Rebecca Beal of R & R Farm ..................Wellington, KY

Georgette & Mike Greene of Greene Acres .........Jeffersonville, KY

Jonathon & Mary Schwartz .....................................Wallingford, KY

Patrick Boogaerts of River-Bend Farm .................... Alexandria, LA

Ricky LoBell of LoBell’s Lake Katahdins’s Pastures ......... Lake, LA

Greg Cook of Manna Farms ................................... Mount Airy, MD

Davyd C Collinson of Collinson Farm ........................Litchfield, ME

John Ernhart of Campbell Lake Katahdins ....... New Germany, MN

Jared Frieze of JBJ Livestock .................................... Brighton, MO

Cleta Sweeney of Lightning S Ranch ..........................Wasola, MO

Wade Lee of Split Hoof Farm .................................Lumberton, MS

Elaine Reynolds ............................................................Jayess, MS

Dennis & Sarah Ross of Loch Ross, LLC .................Tylertown, MS

Johanna Kern of Meadow Brook Stock Farm ......... Absarokee, MT

Taleah Widgren of Timbaroo Farm ...................Columbia Falls, MT

Karyn Harmon of Blue Branch Ranch ........................Waxhaw, NC

Holly Fincher of Ivy’s Rest Katahdins ........................ Hancock, NH

Jane Farrell of Black Brook Farm .................................. Layton, NJ

Daniel & Sylvia McDevit of The Glenville Place ...........Galway, NY

Howard Miller of Miller Farms ................................. Perrysville, OH

Zeb & Ashley Todd ..................................................... Bradford, OH

Kyle & Allyson Robinson of Grape Grazer Farms ........Sparks, OK

Scott Sinnott of Siskiyou Fields Farm .................. Grants Pass, OR

Sherwin & April Nolt of The Nolt Family Farm ........... Manheim, PA

Dean Painter of Uncommon Farm, LLC .................. Millersville, PA

Fred & Marianna Conley of Storybook Tails Farm ...........................

........................................................................... Murfreesboro, TN

Ken & Terri Eikenberry of Polar Grove Katahdins ...... Portland, TN

Gary Mounger of Brentwood Farm .............................Maryville, TN

Aaron & Nicole Smith of Diamond 5 Farms ............. Lewisburg, TN

Pamela Mizher of Moon Bar Ranch .............................Denison, TX

Frank & Rose Stabler of Oak Meadow Farms .........Round Top, TX

Dennis Jamison of Dividing Spring Farm ...................Roanoke, VA

Edita Hartig & Neill Russell of Ewe View Farm... West Rutland, VT

Barbara E Long of Katahdin’s of Barb’Eric ......................Elma, WA

Eric & Rachel Mitchell of Near Paradise Farm ....... West Bend, WI

Charles & Margaret Simmons of Do Little Farm ........ Boscobel, WI

Need a Ram? Want to check out at several at one time?

The KHSI Expo is The Place!Sale at 11:30 AM August 8th

Catalog available online on July 5th at www.katahdins.org or by email/phone at info@katahdins.org, 479-444-8441

Summer 2015VOLUME 27 ISSUE 2

Jim Morgan & Teresa Maurer, Editorsinfo@katahdins.org

Gail Hardy, Graphic Designergail@xpressionsonline.us

KHSI OperationsJim Morgan and Teresa Maurer

479-444-8441 (ph/fx) • PO Box 778 Fayetteville, AR 72702-0778

info@katahdins.org • www.katahdins.org

KHSI RegistryJohn Savage

1039 State Route 168, Darlington, PA 16115724-843-2084 • registry@katahdins.org

KHSI Board of DirectorsPresident - Lee WrightVice President - Carl GinappSecretary - Roxanne NewonTreasurer - John DyerDirector - Maria DoschDirector - Lynn FahrmeierDirector - Michelle Canfield

AdvertisingDisplay Ad Rates: Contact Operations for current rates and spec sheet. 479-444-8441, info@katahdins.org

Classifieds - Classified sale ads for Katahdin or Katahdin-cross sheep are free to all KHSI members in the Katahdin Hairald and at the KHSI website. For the Hairald, limit length to 40 words.

Ad commitment for Fall 2015 Hairald due July 1, 2015.

rates for display advertising are subject to change upon approval of the Board of Directors.

Ad design available from:Gail Hardy, Xpressions, Graphics Specialists

479-439-0726 • gail@xpressionsonline.us www.xpressionsonline.us

Cover: "Coming Back from Pasture" photo by Steve Bull of Iowa, 3rd Place Action Category, 2008 KHSI Photo ContestPictured Above: "Favorite Food – Multiflora Rose", photo by Joyce Geiler of Illinois

ArticlesDirector's Corner: KHSI – Past, Present & Future ..............................................................2— Breaking News — Indiana Katahdin Ewe Sale ...............................................................3Form 5020-1 Required for Producers Who Market Processed Meat to Restaurants, Stores

or Distributors that Re-Sell ...........................................................................................25From the Feed Trough: New Year — New Thinking ...........................................................34

Regular FeaturesWelcome New Members .............................................................................inside front coverSheep Resources .............................................................................................................. 15Focus on Ewe-th: When I Look Out My Window .............................................................. 24Focus on Ewe-th: Update on 2015 Youth Programs ......................................................... 24Hairald Publications and Ad Deadlines ..............................................................................26Katahdin Recipe Forum ..................................................................................................... 37Classified Ads .................................................................................................................... 42Advertisers Index (listed alphabetically) .............................................................................45

KHSI Business2015 Katahdin Youth Scholarship Application Information ................................................ 242015 KHSI Annual Photo Contest Open! ........................................................................... 32KHSI Board Decreases Naming Fee Effective April 1, 2015 .............................................39Expo Sale Requirements For 2015 For Commercial Ewes - Registered Rams & ................

Ewes .............................................................................................................................40Complete Guide to Filling Out KHSI Registration Form ..................................................... 41Myth Busting for New Owners of Registered Katahdins & for Those New to Transferring ...

Registered Katahdins ....................................................................................................4411th Annual Katahdin Hair Sheep International Expo & Sale Schedule ...............back cover

Coming EventsExpo Hotel Information ..............................................................................................10 & 42SCKA Meeting, Field Day & Private Treaty Sale June 5-6 in DeRidder, LA ..................... 15Katahdin Sale Round Up.................................................................................................... 19Educational Events Calendar .............................................................................................20Updates from Midwest Stud Ram Sale Team, Heartland Livestock Services ...................22Midwest Stud Ram Sale Sedalia, MO Hotel Options for June 23-28, 2015 .......................22Midwest Katahdin Hair Sheep Association Meeting – Wed June 24 .................................25Hairald Calendar ................................................................................................................26WI Hair Coat Inspection Training & FAMACHA Training Field Day June 27, 2015 ............ 27Sheep For Profit School July 15-18, 2015 ..........................................................................2911th Annual KHSI Expo to be held in Indiana, Pennsylvania, August 6-8, 2015 ................38

Inside This IssueInside This Issue

30th Anniversary - Articles from the ArchivesFrom Bakewell to BLUP: A History of Livestock Breeding ...................................................4Keys To Profitable Hair Sheep: Reproductive Efficiency, Retained Hybrid Vigor in Composites .....................................................................................................................8Members Who Joined KHSI 20 or More Years Ago Are Still Raising Katahdins ............... 12KHSI 1993 Annual Membership Meeting Minutes Oct. 2, 1993, Piel Farm, Abbot, Maine ............................................................................................................................ 12Katahdin & KHSI Timeline ................................................................................................. 17

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.orgPage � summer �015

KHSI – PaSt, PreSent & Future

Top 6 Breed Registrations: 2003-2014Breed 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003

Katahdin 8021 8338 8131 6744 4753 4979 5070 5089 5987 4645 4209 3889

Hampshire 7444 7447 7760 8112 6793 8459 7583 9127 8505 9064 9104 9066

Dorper 7144 6335 6505 6176 5045 4998 5337 5763 6823 7216 6050 5469

Suffolk 7115 7439 8761 9546 9811 10146 11034 12519 13199 13658 14230 15001

Dorset 5521 6265 6493 6045 6240 7211 7434 7825 8311 9147 9743 9568

Southdown 5015 5157 5072 5010 5059 5026 5222 5174 6020 5566 5742 5694

Top 6 Breed Transfers: 2003-2014

Breed 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003

Katahdin 4040 4197 4456 3907 2761 2584 2232 2588 2844 2718 2232 1555

Dorper 3832 3374 3289 2723 2645 2384 2360 2426 3089 2916 2682 1685

Hampshire 3647 3435 3587 3485 3390 3752 3658 3929 3811 4245 4123 4261

Dorset 3062 3032 3370 2912 3157 3545 3680 4073 4113 4614 4581 4956

Suffolk 2944 2871 3094 3140 3453 3934 4700 5310 6992 5649 6145 6875

Southdown 3174 2573 2573 2506 2548 2426 2537 2522 2746 2817 3142 2723

Continued on page �

Lee WrightGreetings KHSI Members! I hope

you all weathered the end of winter and the beginning of spring, and lambing season proved to be a suc-cess for us all. In this issue you’ll find KHSI Operations is continuing to print articles from our first 30 years. Some provide interesting historical notes about our numerous accomplish-ments. Others show us that many educational topics written 10 to 15+ years ago are still relevant in today’s production settings. Some serve as good reminders of topics we shep-herds confront every year, and others might indicate maybe we didn’t listen quite as well as we should have the first time. Either way, I hope you’ll enjoy these articles as much as I have, and appreciate the opportunity to share in Katahdin history.

In this 30th Anniversary of our as-sociation, I believe it’s fitting we once again check out the numbers. Please

refer to the tables below. Congratula-tions everyone for such a successful 2014! For the second year in a row Katahdin breeders have registered more sheep than any other breed. And for the 4th consecutive year, we have sold and transferred more registered sheep than any other breed. Notice that registration and transfer levels have remained somewhat constant over the last three years for Katah-dins, but also notice we doubled in size over the previous ten years. That said, I’d like to formally challenge our members to increase expansion of the breed. Katahdins are such a diverse breed that can be raised practically anywhere in the country including many regions that have not been tra-ditional sheep areas in the past. What say we try and double those numbers again within the next ten years? Keep up the great work, continue to grow, and enjoy our success!

Though important and informative, and one measure of success, looking at sheep registration numbers means reviewing the past. I would also like to take a moment to commend the efforts of all KHSI members who are looking to the future. One particular effort is in the area of sheep genomics. Typically, genomics uses DNA tests that correlate DNA sequences to sheep performance and disease resistance. The sheep industry currently has

access to a few genomic/DNA tools that include testing of the prion gene at codon 171 for analysis of scrapie resistance or susceptibility (RR, QR, QQ), spider gene susceptibility (for Suffolks), myostatin mutation (10% in-creased muscling), and newer parent-age testing markers. The U.S. is a few years behind New Zealand and Aus-tralia in using genomics in the sheep industry. However, we are well ahead in the dairy and beef cattle industries, indicating that the U.S. has the skills, science, and knowledge base.

Genomics, while taking major in-vestments, will take several years to produce the rewards. In many cases, it could be 7-15 years, but hopefully some will have benefits to many pro-ducers in 3-5 years. Those that will be able to help the most are those flocks that participate in the National Sheep Improvement Program (NSIP). As with beef and dairy genomic efforts, the herds involved in producing EBVs that collect data on all individual ani-mals within those herds, are helping the genomics efforts, and providing the rewards for the rest of their pro-spective beef and dairy producers. If you want to be more involved with sheep genomics research that can help to identify superior stock, being a part of NSIP will give you that ad-

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.org Page �summer �015

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Director's corner, continueD from page �

vantage. As with any type of research, the more data collected and analyzed will certainly produce more accuracy in the results. Participation, numbers, and honesty are key elements to the success of the program. By being in-volved, it means that these new DNA tests for identifying superior breeding stock and resistance traits will more likely be first developed for Katahdins and then applied to other breeds.

The Katahdin breed is taking the lead as a partner with researchers on sheep genomics in the U.S. A group of Katahdin NSIP breeders has recently pledged their farms with a total of 4500 lambs per year for 3 years to be used in a sheep genomics research project, if it is funded. Dr. Dave Notter recently wrote, “The pledge of 4500 lambs per year by Katahdin breeders is an impressive show of support by Katahdins to the U.S. sheep research community”. The Katahdin breed also has two members in the Sheep Genomics Working Group, Board Member Lynn Fahrmeier and Jim Morgan, KHSI Operations. No other breed has board members or office

personnel in the Sheep Genomics Working Group.

On another note, some hair sheep producers have complained about the American Sheep Industry Associa-tion’s (ASI) focus on wool sheep. But let’s not forget, it is ASI support of ex-tension, research and legislation that helps keep sheep research going in the U.S. It is ASI that has kept legislation and regulations that allow veterinar-ians to prescribe drugs licensed for cattle to be used for sheep and goats. With decreased total numbers in the sheep industry, we need all sheep pro-ducers and breeds to stay sound and active. So let’s utilize the support from ASI to keep expanding and recruiting more acreage into sheep production. We as KHSI members need to take on the challenge of making sure as many of those acres as possible are filled with Katahdins. Only about half of the lamb consumed in the U.S. is raised in the U.S. So, we have plenty of room to grow, and prosper if we all work together.

Before moving on, the KHSI Board would like to encourage all to attend

the summer and fall sales to find your next ram or add some superior ewes. Before the Fall 2015 issue of the Ka-tahdin Hairald comes out, two major Katahdin sales will have taken place. These include the Midwest Stud Ram Sale in Sedalia, Missouri on June 25, 2015 and the Katahdin National Sale at the 11th Annual KHSI Expo in Indi-ana, Pennsylvania on August 8th. The KHSI Expo also features an incredible education program. I encourage you to take advantage. Also check out the other sales with Katahdins in the Sale Round-Up on page 19.

— Breaking News —

At the 2nd Annual Indiana Katahdin Ewe Sale on April 25th, ewes averaged at $500. Organizers think that this event is coming of age. We thank all who participated and bought.

Indiana Katahdin Ewe Sale

By Richard Gilbert, OhioEditor’s Note: This article was first

published in the Hairald in two parts Fall, 2008 and Winter 2009. For several years, it was used in an introduction to livestock breeding at the University of Wisconsin.

The history of livestock breeding reveals two rather surprising aspects: scientific selective breeding is a recent development in the long centuries of breed formation; and quantum leaps in progress have been made even more recently and by a mere handful of breeders and geneticists.

Many have heard of Robert Bakewell, a farmer known as the fa-ther of selective breeding. Bakewell (1725–1795) became famous for trans-forming his region’s sheep into a remarkable new strain. From Dishley in central England, Bakewell came to epitomize breeding success primarily because of his New Leicester sheep.

At one time, sheep drove selec-tive breeding progress, attracting ingenious, independent thinkers like Bakewell. This is because, by the 1400s, wool was wealth, Roger J. Wood and Víteslav Orel explain in Genetic Prehistory in Selective Breeding: A Prelude to Mendel.

“Of all domestic species, sheep had revealed the most to Bakewell,” Wood and Orel write. “The idea of learning from sheep was at the same time an in-joke and a shared revelation within the circle to which the secret was being revealed.”

Bakewell’s farm, Dishley Grange, consisted of 450 irrigated acres, and he was the third generation on the land, which was leased. The Bakewells were self-described graziers who fattened sheep and cattle for the city meat mar-kets (Dishley is about one-hundred miles north of London).

Dishley Grange’s productivity permitted the master to become the first English farmer to specialize in selective breeding. Bakewell sought to increase growth rates and maturity (sheep were then being slaughtered at three- to four-years of age); to increase the proportion of edible parts—mus-cles; and to produce sheep with the least amount of feed possible.

Bakewell reportedly called his New Leicester sheep “machines for turning herbage . . . into money.” His sheep didn’t look like other sheep. They

From Bakewell to BLUP: A History of Livestock Breedingwere smaller, finer-boned, bulged with muscles, had big bellies, and grew much faster—sent to market after their second shearing, a full year earlier than the local race.

Some were as broad as they were long, according to Wood and Orel. How did Bakewell do it? To compare growth rates and efficiency of an ani-mal in converting feed into flesh, he fed individuals the same amount of feed and weighed them. He fed out twenty to forty top ram lambs a year and recorded their growth rates. He also looked for beauty (important for sales), muscling, and the texture of their flesh.

In one experiment, he bought a number of ram lambs from differ-ent sources and fed them for almost twelve months to ascertain growth rates and consequent differences in income when sold. Anyone who feeds out his own animals, as Bakewell did, wants efficient growth. Animals that eat ten percent less feed to achieve the same amount of growth earn more money.

Bakewell’s breeding methods were both mysterious and controversial. For one thing, he was concerned with meat production and was stunningly uninterested in wool—a heresy. A Southdown breeder marveled in a let-ter that Bakewell told him “he wishes to breed a sort of sheep that produces no wool, a sort of doctrine I could not understand.”

But the best coarse wool from typical English longwool sheep wasn’t valuable even in Bakewell’s day. He did experiment with a Merino ram in the 1780s and may have considered creating a dual-purpose sheep at one time. But he concluded that scenario was inefficient, saying, according to a 1794 book, General View of the Agricul-ture of Lincoln cited by Wood and Orel, “It is impossible for sheep to produce mutton and wool in equal ratio; by a strict attention to the one, you must in great degree let go the other.”

In addition to practicing rigorous selection, Bakewell inbred, and this was the most upsetting rumor of all. Bakewell learned that inbreeding could fix characteristics. If his best animals were closely related, he bred them to each other regardless of how close their relationship.

An inbred animal was more likely to be prepotent, which meant that it would stamp its characteristics on its progeny. But the inbreeding of mam-mals violated ancient incest taboos that had arisen from experience with both humans and animals. Inbreeding led to weaknesses and deformities.

How did Bakewell get away with it?

To begin with, he started with a di-verse population. Breeds, as we know them, didn’t exist. In the late 1740s, he bought what he considered the best sheep in the region and rigorously selected for fifteen years. He judged a sheep by its performance—and, most importantly, by the performance of its offspring. That remains a difficult concept even today.

Bakewell’s lesson often is reduced to “he inbred,” but Genetic Prehistory in Selective Breeding reveals rigorous selection for performance, conforma-tion, and constitution. Contrary to legend, a cornerstone of Bakewell’s work apparently was extensive out-crossing as well.

Jay L. Lush, in his classic textbook Animal Breeding Plans, writes, “There is also more than a hint that he kept his operations secret because of certain extreme outbreeding he was practic-ing which, if known, might have injured the commercial reputation of his stock.”

During the 1760s, Bakewell pio-neered the practice of leasing his top rams, rather than selling them, so he could evaluate the breeding worth of his best animals on the best ewes of other shepherds.

“His annual auctions, or ram-let-tings, attracted great attention and were a distinct financial success,” writes Lush. “He is said to have re-ceived as much as 1,200 guineas for one year’s use of a ram. By this prac-tice of ram-letting, the best sires came back to him each year and any whose progeny had proved them much better than the others could be kept for use in his own flocks or herds.”

Bakewell also brought in rams sired by his best leased rams—more new genes. As an important corollary to the principle that a handsome ram may not pass along his qualities, Lush

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.org Page 5summer �015

speculates that Bakewell occasionally took back for his own use a ram that he had thought somewhat flawed but that was seen to have sired superior lambs in a customer’s flock.

A breeders’ club, the Dishley Soci-ety, established in 1789 with Bakewell as its first president, was an important development in uniting superior sheep and limiting inbreeding. The society shared similar goals, and this was a historic shift away from the previous pattern of breeders having vastly different ideals.

“This early version of the progeny test, designed to assess a male’s breed-ing value, was acknowledged by later breeders as a highly significant step in technique,” write Wood and Orel. “Bakewell had privileged access to all the flocks of the Dishley members on which to test his rams. From the point of view of progeny testing, the Dishley agreement was equivalent to his pos-sessing an enormous herd.”

The flock was Bakewell’s goal, a useful number of above-average animals, not merely a few superior individuals that couldn’t perpetuate

themselves. This “population think-ing” by the Dishley breeders was another breakthrough, according to Wood and Orel. The principle of comparing large numbers of animals of the same type and with common relationships—population genet-ics—would become the cornerstone of modern livestock breeding theory 150 years later.

As for specific technique, appar-ently Bakewell kept parallel, unrelated lines within his flock and could “cross” them when relationships became too close or performance suffered. He outcrossed to sheep that also had been selected rigorously for growth rate and conformation. “Such mat-ings within a stock already strongly selected, brought substantial benefit with a manageable degree of risk, and it set the pattern for other breeders to follow,” observe Wood and Orel.

Bakewell also realized that im-provements didn’t hold constant, but had to be fought for in each genera-tion. Rigorous selection would be re-lentless and never ending. However, a large population of animals would

be continuously improved through shared goals.

The Dishley Society was also was ahead of its time in realizing that accu-rate comparison could be confounded by different management practices. An important rule of the society was that rams being evaluated would not be fed grain, according to Genetic Pre-history in Selective Breeding.

“Bakewell and his friends clearly appreciated that extravagant feeding on some farms, but not on others, would confuse the genetic picture,” Wood and Orel write. “Their willing-ness to cooperate represented a radical departure from the traditional practice of ‘making up’ [heavy feeding and fattening].” Again, the science of live-stock breeding would codify this 200 years later into the principle of “con-temporary groups”: animals being compared should be fed and managed similarly for accurate comparison.

The Dishley breeders’ passion and excitement were unaffected by the fact that their traffic in rams was laughed

from Blakewell to Blup, continueD from page 4

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at outside their circle as a “visionary romance.” While neighbors brayed, the world was literally beating a path to Bakewell’s door as word spread. Visitors came from across England, from France, from the outer reaches of the Austrian monarchy, from Poland, and even from Russia. On the way to Bakewell’s farm, they braved haz-ardous seas, roads that were muddy quagmires, language barriers, and crude roadhouses.

Bakewell’s maiden sister, Hannah, received visitors, and sometimes she and her staff were forced to host them for many days or weeks until her brother returned from a trip. He was generous with these pilgrims, con-ducting what was, in effect, a school of agriculture. Bakewell’s irrigated farm was an innovative showplace for animal breeding and feeding—he even had developed his own strain of forage cabbages.

Bakewell’s hall became a museum of skeletons and joints, pickled in brine, to demonstrate the effects of selective breeding and nutrition. By means of such forensic evidence

and by his living animals, Bakewell inspired an international wave of interest in selective breeding. George Washington reportedly sought sheep from him.

To summarize his methods and insights as reported in Genetic Prehis-tory in Selective Breeding:• He emphasized the selection of

superior individuals rather than making matings based on pedigree or remote ancestors, and looked for “nicks,” progeny superior to either parent.

• He bred the “best to the best,” regard-less of the closeness of relationship, kept parallel lines for diversity, and tried to balance strengths and weaknesses in matings.

• He combined inbreeding for pre-potency with selection pressure for desirable traits, and seized on valuable traits kicked up by in-breeding.

• He evaluated the breeding value of rams and ewes based on the per-formance of their offspring, and outcrossed to superior animals that resulted from the use of his stock

or methods in other flocks.Bakewell was a genius, but he was

human. At one point, he went too far in shortening legs, which caused trouble for his sheep in walking and in lambs’ ability to nurse, and had to correct this. Nevertheless, the revo-lutionary insights of Bakewell and the society led to historic breeding progress in England, famously with Shorthorn cattle, and sent ripple ef-fects around the world that would transform animal breeding. Breeders of livestock, and of sheep in particular, created an interest in heredity and left an important legacy to science, accord-ing to Genetic Prehistory in Selective Breeding.

The pressing practical problems of breeders raised the most interesting theoretical questions—many of which would be illuminated by a monk who began crossing peas in a monastery garden 61 years after Bakewell’s death.

If Robert Bakewell is the father of selective livestock breeding, an Iowa

Blakewell to Blup, continueD from page �

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farm boy named Jay Lush became the founder of modern scientific breed-ing. The field has a surprisingly short history, and only a handful of great thinkers separate the eighteenth-cen-tury Englishman and the twentieth-century American.

The monk Gregor Mendel (1822–1884) is the most significant bridge between them. Mendel illuminated mysteries of inheritance by cross-breeding peas in a walled monastery garden in Brünn, Moravia (now part of the Czech Republic), between 1856 and 1863. There, he discovered heredity’s basic unit, the gene.

Shepherds can take pride in the linking of Mendel with sheep breeders by Roger J. Wood and Víteslav Orel in their book Genetic Prehistory in Selective Breeding: A Prelude to Mendel:

“Intimately involved in the con-tinuing discussions about heredity, which arose from efforts to improve wool quality, were a number of experts destined to have a direct in-fluence on Mendel’s career and intel-lectual development. Our analysis . . . has convinced us of the significance

of Moravian sheep breeding in the progress of ideas about heredity.”

Fine wool was a mainstay of the Brünn (now Brno) economy, depen-dent upon clothing manufacture, and wool was the most profitable crop on the monastery’s farms. A local society of shepherds had begun to discuss the need for scientific principles to guide them. Mendel’s chief patron, monas-tery Abbot C.F. Napp, was Mendel’s link to these practical breeders.

Napp was fascinated by the meth-ods used to create Moravia’s fine-wooled sheep. He took particular interest in reports from England of animal and plant crossbreeding. Jo-hann Nestler, a professor of natural history and agriculture at a Moravian university, also influenced Napp. Keenly interested in sheep breeding, Nestler used the word “heredity” in a speech to the sheep society decades ahead of its common usage.

Mendel’s work, rediscovered sepa-rately by three biologists in 1900, explained the first-generation unifor-mity of crossbreds and the frustrating variation that results from the random

reassortment of genes.“Only in rare cases will the breeder

know the Mendelian formula for more than a few genes in his animals,” notes Lush in Animal Breeding Plans. “He will never see the genes but can judge whether or not they are present only by the effects they produce, either in his animal itself or in some of its close relatives.”

Lush moved the field of livestock improvement to a new level by ap-plying the quantitative methods and population genetics theories laid down by three men who built on Mendel’s work: British statistician Ronald Fisher; American zoologist Sewell Wright; and British evolution-ary biologist J.B.S. Haldane. These pioneers explained change in popula-tions mathematically.

“Fisher, Wright and Haldane showed theoretically how evolution in nature could be explained by se-lection, mutation, drift and systems of mating, without the need for other hypotheses,” writes Louis Olliver in

Continued on page 28

Balanced EBVs focused on • parasite resistance• total pounds of lamb weaned per ewe• growth on pasture

Misty Oaks FarM

Jeff & Kathy BielekWooster, OH • 330-264-5281

kathy.bielek@gmail.comwww.mistyoakskatahdins.comMember

Forage Based Production

Visit our New Website

Summary of a talk by Charles Parker to the 2005 North American Hair Sheep Symposium; prepared by Richard Gilbert for the 2005 Winter Katahdin Hairald.

How big should Katahdin ewes be? In short, 145-165 pounds, said sheep geneticist Dr. Charles Parker, in an address to attendees of the North American Hair Sheep Symposium on October 8 in San Angelo, Texas.

Ewe body size is of particular inter-est to hair sheep producers, noted Dr. Parker. Changing breeds and selection have increased commercial lamb mar-ket weight by 45 percent in the past 50 years, with carcass yields of 60-70 lbs. now the norm.

However, there is now more de-mand for product diversity than at any other time in the U.S. sheep indus-try. “A dynamic ethnic market, reli-gious holiday customs, and traditional commodity markets provide outlets for lambs with a 100-pound weight range—from 40 to 140 pounds!” Dr. Parker said.

The full production spectrum can be satisfied with mature ewes in the 145-165 pound range, he said. Straightbred hair sheep ewes, which feature retained hybrid vigor, are ex-cellent for the lighter weight markets. For the 130-140 lb. commodity market lamb, 165 lb. ewes need to be bred to a large terminal sire breed, advised Dr. Parker.

A ewe must be large enough to have the body capacity to ingest enough food to supply milk for rear-ing twin lambs in a given production system, he said. “Size is important but its relationship to total lamb pro-ductivity and efficiency of production for hair sheep is too limited to be con-sidered a primary factor in selecting for maternal performance to improve meat sheep production.

“Remember, genetic balance is best for long-term selection!”

Ewe reproductive efficiency is the key profitability trait for 21st-century meat sheep production, he said. Re-productive efficiency involves fertil-ity, prolificacy, mothering ability, and lamb growth and cannot be evaluated visually—performance and pedigree records are needed, said Dr. Parker.

For instance, the genetic accuracy for prolificacy when saving a twin

Keys To Profitable Hair Sheep:Reproductive Efficiency, Retained Hybrid Vigor in Composites

replacement ewe from a consistently twinning ewe can be three times greater than picking a twin from a ewe with an unknown maternal re-cord. Of much greater importance, Dr. Parker added, are ewes that rear their twins.

He referred to a 12-year study for lifetime litter weight that underscored the following point: percentage of lambs weaned and lamb weight com-bined contributed more to ewe litter weight weaned than did ewe pro-lificacy alone. Dr. Parker revised his favorite Scottish poem, which advises shepherds to pick replacements from twins, to read:

Ewes yearly twin raisers rich masters do make.Lambs from such raisers for breeders go take.Of serious concern is the lack

of selection for performance being practiced by shepherds throughout the sheep industry. A recent national survey by the USDA reported that 71.5 percent of sheep breeders consider “visual appearance” very important in ram selection. Dr. Parker said such rams are unknowns when it comes to genetically improving ewe ability to produce more pounds of quality lamb each year.

“Fortunately, during the past decade, sheep breeders have tech-nologies available through the Na-tional Sheep Improvement Program to analyze objective performance information and predict genetic dif-ferences on an across-flock basis—or in other words to identify or locate the superior breeding value animals within a breed,” said Dr. Parker. “This is a revolutionary happening of great significance for the meat sheep industry.”

“At this transitional stage of the U.S. COMMERCIAL sheep industry, there is no more important economic trait than pounds of quality lamb mar-keted per ewe per year,” Parker said. “The release of the Ewe Productivity Trait by NSIP is arguably the most im-portant thing to happen in the sheep industry in the last ten years.” Devel-opment of NSIP’s new Ewe Produc-tivity Trait EPD, based on pounds of lamb weaned, is a major technological contribution for genetically improv-

ing meat production and profitability of sheep. Litter weight per ewe at weaning is a biological index strongly affected by related reproductive and maternal attributes. Research studies at the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, Dubois, ID, have shown that selecting for litter weight is associated WITH and improves prolificacy (number of lambs born), percentage of lambs weaned, lamb weight, fertility and ewe viability. “Optimal performance levels of the Ewe Productivity Trait reflect a genetic balance in harmony with the production environment and management conditions,” said Parker. “Folks, let me tell you - it doesn’t get any better than this.”

Historically, crossbreeding has been highly touted to improve meat lamb production because hybrid vigor can increase lamb performance by as much as 40 percent. But crossbreeding sheep has not been widely exploited in the United States due to the nation’s smaller-sized flocks, with the vast majority of flocks under 100 head, and the fear of introducing disease.

An advantage of composite hair sheep breeds like the Katahdin is that hybrid vigor without crossbreeding is a realistic option, said Dr. Parker. “A four-breed crossbred composite re-tains 75 percent of the heterosis value and a three-breed composite retains 62.5 percent.

“Obviously these same breed com-posites can be mated to terminal sire breeds to produce customized slaugh-ter lambs for targeted traditional consumer markets. This within-com-posite mating plan not only simplifies breeding but further captures the advantages of crossbreeding.”

Another concern of many hair sheep producers is increasing mus-cling. Dr. Parker suggested that total lean carcass weight may be more important. Depending on the end market, muscling may or may not be an important trait, he said. “Perhaps of greater overall importance for hair sheep is rate of maturity to the desired end weight as determined by market condition (degree of fatness).”

A revolutionary degree of progress waits to be made in genetic resistance

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.orgPage 10 summer �015

Stud Rams JDK 207

DOC P40VJ 9048

Foundation ewes from Kennedy-Dosch-Young

new email:jdkatahdins@Reagan.comJohn, Judy & Scott Dyer

All rams RR JDK

KatahdinsWarm Springs

EXPORT MONITOREDEXPORT MONITORED

David & Nancy Maddox • Warm Springs, GA706-655-3407 • dbmaddox@windstream.net

www.warmspringskatahdins.com

Doyle & Judy WeaverNevada, MO • 417-667-5294

doyle_judyweaver@yahoo.com

Doyle Weaver Katahdins

Look for us at the Midwest Stud

Ram Sale and KHSI Expo

to internal parasites—a key adapt-ability trait for warm, humid regions that needs much more concentrated selection in hair sheep breeds, Dr. Parker said. Hair sheep lambs tend to exhibit variable early response to worm larvae but generally have a strong secondary, or acquired im-mune response, in contrast to wooled lambs that remain fully susceptible to infection for several months.

“Early selection evaluation begin-ning prior to 60 days of age is advised for resistant hair breeds and native gulf coast type sheep. Genetic resis-tance of sheep for gastrointestinal nematodes appears to be a major component for hair sheep adaptability and productivity in many areas of the United States.

”Parasite genetics are winning the battle. It’s time breeders get Mende-lian genetics out of the pea patch and fight back. We have the technology and genetic variation to close-out this nemesis,” Dr. Parker told his audience.

Another trait that needs work is aseasonal breeding. The need for a

year-round lamb supply has intensi-fied with increased ethnic and reli-gious holiday demand. “Most of the ten religious holiday dates vary across years but collectively there is a holiday event that occurs in every month of the year with exceptions of June, July, and August,” said Dr. Parker. “Hair sheep breeds appear to have a longer breed-ing season than wool breeds.”

Resistance to scrapie and footrot are also important. Seedstock raisers should test animals for scrapie resis-tance at both codons 136 and 171 to identify animals with genotypes AA, RR, and QR, he said. Such testing should be of special importance for hair sheep breeders because of the opportunities in the expanding hair sheep market.

New Zealand researchers at Lin-coln University have identified gene markers for immunity to the costly disease of footrot, Dr. Parker reported. “United States sheep breeders should become interested in this gene-marker test for use in selecting foot rot tolerant breeding sheep.”

keys to profitaBle Hair sHeep, continueD from page �

Don’t wait. Hotel rooms go fast in Indiana Pennsylvania with all the local college activities in the summer. Re-serve by July 1. You can cancel later.

The two hotels are the Hampton Inn & Comfort Inn. They share a parking lot with a Ruby Tuesday res-taurant between them. Hampton Inn

1275 Indian Springs RoadIndiana PA 15701724-349-7700 $125/night plus taxes

Comfort Inn1350 Indian Springs RoadIndiana PA 15701724-465-7000 $120/night plus taxesAt each hotel, a block of 20 rooms

are currently reserved and more blocks will be opened when the first is filled. Both hotels are 0.6 miles from the Rustic Lodge, location of the Expo presentations on Thursday August 6 and Friday August 7.

Expo Hotel Information

BIRCH CREEK FARMSRegistered Katahdin Breeding Stock

Flock Prefix: BIR

POY 44 SHU 3348, "Today's News"

Flock Prefix: BIR

Birch Creek FarmsBrad, Tracy, Ben, & Kristi Williams

Atoka, Oklahoma(580) 889-1646

birchcreekfarms@yahoo.com

Bred by Poynter Sheep Farm, POY 44 was Grand Champion ram at the 2011 Midwest Stud Ram Sale. He is one of the most proven colored rams in the nation siring many show winners including the 2012 Grand Champion Ewe at Louisville

Bred by Prairie Lane Farm, “Today’s News” was Grand Champion ram at the 2013 Midwest Stud Ram Sale. Also Reserve Junior Champion Ram at NAILE in 2012.

SHU 3348, “Today’s News”

POY 44Outstanding Ram Power

Rams sired by BAG 1725 "Diesel" and

SHU 3348 "Today's News" available NOW.

2015 Ewe and Ram Lambs also available NOW.

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.orgPage 1� summer �015

By KHSI OperationsWe would like to recognize the

KHSI members who first joined 20 or more years ago. They took the early steps to become “Hair Raisers” at a time when many had to travel 500 miles to find sheep, had to start with a shedding ram and shear all of their ewes they were grading up and put up with all the comments about goats. These were the members who had faith in “The Breed Whose Time Has Come”.

They have all been a part of KHSI’s success. Some were very active years ago and have allowed new leaders to come on board. All of the members listed below have been supplying breeding stock to support the breed for years. Working in the breed office, I have seen sheep with the prefixes of each of the members in the table.

At most KHSI meetings, you can you can still shake hands with Mark Dennis and Jim Lovelace. Since 1998, Teresa and I have been at KHSI gather-ings and expos, and Mark Dennis and Jim Lovelace have only missed ONE meeting in that time period (the 2003 Annual Gathering in Maine).

The success of KHSI and Katahdins is built on the hard work of many who are not listed in the table. They have

Members Who Joined KHSI 20 or More Years Ago Are Still Raising Katahdins

NameState/

ProvinceYr Join Prefix

Andrea & Janet Licciardello NJ 1987 AL

Mary Van Anrooy AR 1987 MVA

Mark Dennis LA 1988 COR

James & Kay Lovelace MO 1989 JL

Tim & Jean Hamm AB 1991 BKA

Patricia Taylor (Sienkiewicz) VA 1991 WM

Dee & Vieva Swearingen CA 1992 DVS

Laura (Callan) & Doug

FortmeyerKS (then AR) 1992 JF

Linda Neunzig WA (then CA) 1992 NF

Lynn Tait AB 1993 TJ

Carey (Wall) & Bill

RobertsonAR 1994 WAL

Steve & Anne Muntz KY (then AR) 1994 MF

Glenn & Sherrie Wiygul MS 1994 PR

Tom & Linda Fortner MO (then IA) 1994 TF

Christine & Edward Abel WI 1994 SSA

Joyce & Dean Geiler IL 1995 TJF

Daniel Leslie IN 1995 DLL

Frank & Kathleen Mabry KS 1995 AG

retired or passed on or their job took them to places where they could not have sheep. But they remain in our thoughts as we reflect on KHSI’s his-tory.

NOTE: These dates are taken from a member database that was started in the late 1990s. We also tried to capture ad-ditional information from the paper files and those records to the database, but we know the database is still incomplete. So we apologize if we have missed anyone and for any errors in dates or other infor-mation in the list be-low. Please contact us at info@katah-dins.org or 479-444-8441 if you can help us with corrections or additions and for any errors in dates or other information in the table.

Katahdin Hair Sheep International 1993 Annual Membership Meeting Minutes

October 2, 1993. Piel Farm, Abbot, Maine

Present: Mike Bondy, ON, Charles Brown, Piel Farm, ME, Steve & Chris Camp, WA, Mark & Sara Dennis, LA Laura Callan Fortmeyer, KS, Susan Kehoe, ON, Barbara & Bruce Kerr, ON, Don & Roina Klassen, SD, Andrea “Henry” & Janet Licciardello, NJ, Stan Musgrave, ME, Linda &Brad Neunzig, CA, Barbara Piel, ME, Marlene &Ray Reid, IA, Patricia &Ted Sienkiewicz, VA, David Sweeney, NC, Fred Tem-perton, QU, Bill & Anne Bell-Watkins, VA, Donna &Bill Watkins, IL, Don & Marian Williams, PA.

The meeting was called to order at 2 pm by President Barbara Piel

who welcomed the members to Piel Farm and then transferred the chair to Charles Brown. Stan Musgrave, retired from University of Maine, was specially introduced as the sole inspector of the original Katahdins in the flock book. The proposed agenda was reviewed and adopted with two additions. 1992 annual meeting min-utes were presented as mailed to the membership; a motion to accept the minutes was approved.

A financial report was offered by Steve Camp as follows:January 1, 1993 BOY balance $4332Receipts to October 1 $5629

Expenditures to October 1 $7768October 1, 1993 balance $2193

A description of expenses by line item was presented upon request and a motion to accept the Treasurer’s report was approved.

A membership report noted that KHSI has 131 current members as of October 1; 32 of them are new in 1993. It was also recognized that about 30 1992 members have not yet renewed in 1993 and that some members do not keep up with membership and registrations adequately to maintain active status.

Continued on page �1

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.org Page 1�summer �015

Lazy B Livestock, LLC

Stop By & Talk SheepAll Sheep Originated

from Scrapie Free Flock

We have Katahdin rams for

sale year-round

Events we plan to attend:• SCKAPrivateTreatySale,DeRidder,LA,June5-6,2015• MidwestStudRamSale,Sedalia,MO,June23-25,2015• KHSIExpo,Indiana,PA,August6-8,2015• NationalKatahdinShow,N.A.I.L.E.,Louisville,KY

Howard & Lavonne Brown • 8362NS 3550 Rd. • Prague, OK 74864 • 405-567-2559lazybkatahdin@yahoo.com • www.lazybkatahdins.comNEW EMAIL NEW WEBSITE

Picture was taken one month after Sedalia in 2014. Caney Creek Farms in Tennessee purchased HLB 428 at the Stud Ram Sale in Sedalia. If HLB 428 (N-Line) is as good as the picture shows, he could be one of the better breeding rams we have ever sold. He is big, green, long, sound with a superior hair coat. At 18 months he weighed 263 lbs. He is nice. We have a fall ram out of N-Line's mother we are going to keep.

If you need good Katahdin sheep give Dewayne & Kathy a call. Check our new website in the very near future for fall ram pictures.

HLBGenetics HLBGenetics

HLB 428 "N-Line"

Rack of Lamb CorralOwners/Operators Todd and Renee Bauer

3020 Hwy 56 • Windom, KS 67491• 620-245-1884toddbauer@ks-usa.net • www.rackoflambcorral.com

The barn door is always open for visitors.

Rack of Lamb Corral

The Rack of Lamb Corral Guarantee: You will be 100% satisfied with any sheep purchased from our ranch or you don’t own it. I don’t care if you don’t like the way it’s breath smells, we will replace it. No further questions asked.

Mark Your Calendarfor our Online Sale

June 16 & 17Willoughby Livestock Sales

www.wlivestock.com10 Ewe Lambs and 5 Rams for sale

Free delivery to the Midwest Stud Ram Sale

“Diesel” 2012 Grand Champion Ram

Midwest Stud Ram Sale

2012 Midwest Stud Ram Sale:DOC Jan ewe lamb - $750.00DOC Fall ewe lamb - (next to Reserve Grand Champion) - $750.00DOC Fall ewe lamb - $750.00TMD Feb ewe lamb - (1st in class) - $800.00DOC Feb ewe lamb - $1,000.00DOC Yearling ewe - (Grand Champion) - $1,100.00POY Yearling ewe - (next to Grand Champion) - $1,000.00BAG Yearling ram - (Grand Champion) - $3,300.00 – Daughters & Sons selling in our 2015 online and the Midwest Stud Ram Sale

2013 Midwest Stud Ram Sale:SHU Yearling ram - (Grand Champion) - $2,000.00SHU Yearling ewe - (next to Grand Champion) - $800.00DOC Yearling ewe - $600.00TMD Feb ewe lamb - (2nd in class) - $1,000.00

2014 Midwest Stud Ram Sale:EHJ Yearling ram - (Grand Champion) - $1,500.00SHU Yearling ewe - (Reserve Grand Champion) - $1,600.00POY Yearling ewe - (next to Reserve Grand Champion) - $800.00HLB Fall ewe lamb - (next to Grand Champion) - $1,350.00JDK Jan ewe lamb - (1st in class) - $1,000.00EHJ March ewe lamb - (1st in class) - $1,150.00

2014 EXPO:TMD Yearling ram - (top selling ram) - $2,200.00 – Daughters and Sons selling in our 2015 online and the Midwest Stud Ram Sale

2014 Buckeye Acres Online Sale:8 Yearling ewes - (some of Ron’s best) - $6,750.00

2014 Hillcrest Online Sale:Jan ewe lamb - (one of David’s best) - $1050.00

Buckeye Acre Ranch:10 Jan ewe lambs - (Ron’s best 2014 ewe lambs) - $7,250.00

2014 Silver Maple Online Sale:Fall ewe lamb - (one of Jays best) - $800.00

Pipestone Ranch:We purchased POY 44 – (2011 Midwest Stud Ram Grand Champion) - from DOC in late 2014 – we bred 9 of our top ewe lambs to him for April 2015 babies

We Built a Dream Flock from Some of the Best

Buckeye Acres Online Sale June 11th

Willoughby Livestock Saleswww.wlivestock.com

Ron & Carla Young — Buckeye Acres Genetics12282 Harrison-Willshire Rd • Van Wert, OH 45891

419-495-2993 • 419-203-6389 (c)roncyoung@gmail.com • www.buckeyeacres.com

BAG 2135 – Sold to Cathy Nebel, Cedar Rapids, NE

"Diesel" BAG 1725Grand Champion Ram

2012 Midwest Stud Ram SaleSold to Todd & Renee Bauer, Windom, KS

**NEWS FLASH**Our 2015 ram lambs and ewe lambs are stouter

and meatier than ever !! We welcome farm visits. Seeing is believing!!!

Mark your Calendar!

Darrell Adams, Singer, LouisianaThe South Central Katahdin Hair

Sheep (SCKA) Annual Meeting and Private Treaty Sale will be held June 5-6 at the Beauregard Fairgrounds in DeRidder, Louisiana. The fairgrounds address is 506 West Drive, DeRidder, LA 70634

There will be a farm tour at ADO Sheep in Singer (about 30 minutes away) on Friday at 4:00 pm and then the group will go to supper at a nearby restaurant (Dutch treat). Saturday

SCKA Meeting, Field Day & Private Treaty Sale June 5-6 in DeRidder, LAevents will start at 9 AM with a pre-sentation by Mark Dennis at 9 AM, followed by presentations by Chris Sweat on grading lambs, and NRCS on their assistance programs for pro-ducers. Gabriel & Tommy Bodin will speak about their line of choice meat lambs for restaurants and direct mar-kets. A more complete schedule will be available later at the South Central website www.hair-sheep.com

Sheep must have health papers and they must be handed off BEFORE you

unload. So please make copies be-fore you come. Sheep can start un-loading at 9:00 am Friday. A lunch meal Saturday will be provided.

Local Motels include: Stage-coach Inn (337)462-0022, Best West-ern Plus (337) 460-2066, Motel 6 (338)462-3450, America’s Best Value (337) 460-7797 or Pine Grove RV Park (337)460-1800.

If you need directions contact me: Darrell Adams, 337-515-4342 or adosheep.1@gmail.com.

SHEEP RESOURCESFrom the Feed Trough. Essays and Insights on Livestock Nutrition in a Complex World. By Woody Lane, PhD. Published by

Lane Livestock Services in Roseburg, OR. This is a book of collected essays. Several of his essays have been published in the Katahdin Hairald. Many of you may have also read his essays in The Shepherd magazine. Woody's book is avail-able on Amazon.com for around $25.

James Morgan’s Review. I find that this book is a unique and excellent learning tool. It is also the best way that I have found to dip into Woody’s many insights. Paging through the book, within a few seconds, I can skim and read about something I didn’t know or didn’t fully understand. A shepherd can spend 2-5 minutes or 30 minutes and come away with a new understanding of some aspect of sheep nutrition. This is chance to not just learn how to feed your sheep, but to better understand how the sheep digestive tract works and its nuances. You can read good explanations of fermentation, min-erals, and taking apart the numbers for TDN, digestible fiber and crude protein. If you are looking for exact recipes to feed ewes during maintenance, early lactation or late lactation or how to feed lambs, then you will need another book. But if you want to understand more about the why’s of sheep nutrition, then this book is for you. Collected together, these essays are much more than a sum of each individual essay.

400+ Breeding Ewes

Excellent Bloodline Breeding Stock fromDosch Katahdins • Lazy B Livestock • CMG Katahdins

Cash In on Our Genetics

100% Registered KatahdinsTested for Codon 171

Goldstrike Mountain FarmsCurtis & Teresa ElliottScottown, OH • 740-256-9247goldstrikemtnkatahdins@yahoo.com • www.goldstrikemountainkatahdins.com

Goldstrike Mountain Farms

We also have Great Pyrenees puppies

FOR SALE

Accepting deposits for Ewe Lambs and Ram Lambs

Our Breeding Sires:

"Poncho" "Cowboy" "Cash" "Cisco"

Thank you to Josh and Krista Long for purchasing sheep with us this year.

New Email

These 2 ram lambs are available FOR SALE

New Website

1957 – Michael Piel of Abbot Villlage, Maine sees picture of hair sheep in National Geographic article. 1958 – M Piel imports 3 hair sheep (called African Hair Sheep) from St Croix & begins crossing with heavier muscled

wool breeds.1966 – M Piel writes article in The Shepherd magazine on the origins of the Katahdin Sheep. Makes case for single

purpose meat sheep.1970s – In the early 70s, Michael Piel selected 120 of the best ewes that shed & had improved conformation. Called

them Katahdins after Mt Katahdin, the highest peak in the state of Maine.1970s – Early part of the decade. Imported Wiltshire horn from Wales via Canada & incorporated into Katahdin

flock to increase bone & muscling with a shedding sheep breed.1976 – Michael Piel passed away in December. Barbara Piel & farm manager, Charles Brown continue to develop

Katahdins. In the latter part of the decade, selected against horn & decreased mothering of the Wiltshire horn influence.

1985 – Katahdin Hair Sheep International incorporated by Piel Farm, Heifer Project International (HPI) & attorney Don Williams.

1985 – 1993 Barbara Piel President of KHSI.1985 – HPI’s ranch in Arkansas purchased 75 composite hair ewes with enhanced gastrointestinal parasite resistance

with St Croix, Barbados & Florida Native ancestry & incorporated into HPI’s Katahdin flock. Previously the Katahdin flock consisted primarily of sheep from the Piel Farm and Jepsen flock (VT).

1986 – First publication on parasite resistance in Katahdins based on work done at the University of Arkansas.1986 – Stan Musgrave of University of Maine did the original inspection of all Katahdin flocks to decide which

sheep would be the original members of the the Katahdin flock book.1986 – 1997 Charles Brown, Piel Farm Director is KHSI Registrar.1986? –1998 Laura Callan Fortmeyer staffs KHSI Operations Office in Arkansas & moved to Kansas in 1993.1987 – First members accepted. 23 breeders joined KHSI.1989? – First registered Katahdins exported to Canada.1992? – Saskatchewan & Midwest Katahdin Hair Sheep regional breed associations formed.1993 – First Katahdin flock submits data to National Sheep Improvement Program.1993 – All registered & recorded Katahdins born in 1993 or later must have as part of their permanent identification

the two or three letter KHSI Flock Prefix of the flock of origin. On certificate & on the animal. 1993 – Vol 4:1. Newsletter editor changes from Steve Camp (WA) to Tina Raymond (Williams) (MO).1995 – Canadian Katahdin Sheep Association (CKSA) formed March 17 and first Katahdins registered in Canada

through the new association in 1996.1996 – USDA Wool act phased out.1998 – KHSI Registry moves from Piel Farm in Maine to Morrilton, AR with Ed Martsolf as Registrar.1998 – Katahdins born to two fully registered parents & born after Jan 1, 1998 no longer require official inspection

at a year of age in the summer months.1999 – South Central Katahdin Association formed.1999 – Operations Office moves to Fayetteville, AR with Teresa Maurer as Operations. Jim Morgan is added in

2002. Teresa and later Jim are also editors of the Katahdin Hairald.2000 – Katahdins are 6th in terms of numbers of registered sheep. Moved ahead of Columbias & right behind

Rambouillet. 11,756 registered in Canada since 1996 – 3rd behind the Suffolk and Dorset.2001 – 11 Universities & USDA research stations evaluating Katahdins.2001 – Pacific Coast Katahdin Hair Sheep Association formed.2002 – Katahdins make 1st big step toward breed wide performance evaluation. 12 Katahdin flocks submit data

to the National Sheep Improvement Program.2003 – Katahdin specific 60 day adjustment factors first published. Developed by Dr Dave Notter from NSIP

submitted data.2003 – Katahdins Show & Sell at Midwest Stud Ram Sale for the 1st time.2003 – 2004 – Katahdin breed association becomes first breed association to promote modern parasite management

400+ Breeding Ewes

Excellent Bloodline Breeding Stock fromDosch Katahdins • Lazy B Livestock • CMG Katahdins

Cash In on Our Genetics

100% Registered KatahdinsTested for Codon 171

Goldstrike Mountain FarmsCurtis & Teresa ElliottScottown, OH • 740-256-9247goldstrikemtnkatahdins@yahoo.com • www.goldstrikemountainkatahdins.com

Goldstrike Mountain Farms

We also have Great Pyrenees puppies

FOR SALE

Accepting deposits for Ewe Lambs and Ram Lambs

Our Breeding Sires:

"Poncho" "Cowboy" "Cash" "Cisco"

Thank you to Josh and Krista Long for purchasing sheep with us this year.

New Email

These 2 ram lambs are available FOR SALE

New Website

Katahdin & KHSI Timeline

Editor’s note: This is a work in progress as we peruse past issues of the Katahdin Hairald. If you have suggestions & additions, please contact our office. The updated time line will include information from CrikaMex, the Mexico Katahdin association. We are working on a timeline focusing on export of Katahdins to other countries.

Small FarmGreat Genetics

Our Ram is a son of Wildman

All stock from Howard Brown'sLazy B Livestock

www.ariseandshinefarm.comariseandshinefarm@gmail.com

Bill & Peggy GrayFarmington, AR

479-521-3024

Lambs available in spring

KRK KATAHDINS

Reserve your

proven yearling

ewe NOW!

"Production sheep that show well"Focus on correct, solid meat conformation, lbs

of quality lamb weaned, parasite resistance

Here's Your Opportunity to Buy our Genetics!

We have a trailer heading to the Midwest Stud Ram Sale in Sedalia, MO in June for direct sales.

KRK Katahdins Hubbard, Oregon • 503-351-6978

krkenagy@hotmail.com • www.krkkatahdins.com

Member NSIPOPP neg

Forage-based production

We do lambs on grass

techniques by teaching FAMACHA® courses at 2003 & 2004 Annual Meetings in Maine & Mississippi respectively.

2005 – 1st National Katahdin Sale & Expo – Versailles, KY2005 – Katahdins are 1st breed to receive Ewe Productivity Trait in NSIP, lbs lamb weaned/ewe lambing. Developed

by Bindu Vanimisetti and Dr Dave Notter of VA Tech.2006 – KHSI Registrar switches from Ed Martsolf to Carrie Scott. Remains in Morrilton, AR.2006 – EPD Released for Parasite Resistance in the US. Katahdins are first breed. Developed by Drs Dave Notter

& Bindu Vanimisetti and VA Tech.2006 – More Katahdins in NSIP than any other breed (Katahdins retained this position until 2010 when the Targhees

retook the lead).2006 – KHSI publishes their first color magazine version of the Katahdin Hairald.2010 – KHSI Registry moves to Milo, IA. Registrars are Karey Claghorn & Carrie Taylor.2010 – Several Katahdin Sires have (-) 90% Fecal Egg Count EBV.2011 – 1st Annual Dr Leroy Boyd Memorial Junior Show at Midwest Stud Ram Sale.2011 – Katahdins have 3rd highest total of registered sheep in the USA. 7th highest in Canada.2012 – 2014 - Katahdins sell more registered sheep than any other breed (transfers). 2012 – Katahdins have 2nd highest total of registered sheep in the USA. 6th in Canada.2012 – First Pasture Ram Test (with parasite resistance component) at VA Tech. Most nominated rams are

Katahdins.2012 – Katahdins first show at N.A.I.L.E, Louisville, KY. 5th largest breed show. Becomes National Katahdin Show

in 2014.2013 – 2014 - Katahdins register more sheep than any other breed in the USA.2013 – Membership numbers went over 1000 (a doubling since 2009).2014 – KHSI Registry moves to AccuRegister of Darlington, PA. John Savage is Registrar.2014 – 10th Annual National Katahdin Sale at KHSI Expo completed.2014 – 1st National Katahdin Junior Show at N.A.I.L.E. established as Kennedy Family National Junior Katahdin

kataHDin & kHsi timeline, continueD from page 17

Besides being 9 years old, these BAN matrons have a lot in common…

BAN G18 (Born 5-12-2006) BAN G30 (Born 5-15-2006)

Bob & Amanda Nusbaum6373 Red Dog RdPotosi, WI 53820608-348-3284nusbaum@uwplatt.edu

Breeding stock always available

...they both have:• Lambed at 12 months

of age and every year since

• Lambed and reared all their progeny on pasture

• Averaged a 200% weaned lamb crop lifetime

• Adapted to our Midwestern environment with temperature ranges from -40 to +90° F.

• Continuously grazed or wintered with our registered Angus cattle• Never needed deworming• Never been fed supplemental grain• Never had their feet trimmed• Numerous daughters with the same low input genetics

Member NSIP

Breeding functional Katahdins since 1992

JF, MOF, NWT and USD based bloodlines

Katahdin Sale Round UpKHSI periodically posts information on sheep sales and sheep events as a public service. Posting sale and event information

does not imply endorsement or verification of the claims of any sale or event. KHSI encourages the use of performance records and production data as the primary means of selecting sheep instead of emphasizing visual appraisal typical of most shows, sales, and auctions. Sales and events posted are not sanctioned by KHSI unless otherwise noted. Contact the KHSI Operations Office to ask for your sale to be posted. 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org**June 5-6, 2015. South Central Katahdin Sheep Association Private Treaty Sale. Beauregard Fairgrounds in De-

Ridder, LA. Contact Darrell Adams (337) 515-4342 adosheep.1@gmail.com or check www.hair-sheep.com/June 21, 2015. Katahdin Youth Educational Workshop and pizza party. Missouri State Fairgrounds, Sedalia,

MO. Hosted by KHSI Youth Committee. Henry & Becky Shultz, 573-682-5481, 573-682-7127 or beckyshultz@msn.com

**June 25, 2015. Midwest Stud Ram Sale. 8 AM.MO State Fairgrounds, Sedalia, MO. www.midwestsale.com or boelke@midwestsale.com or 218-770-2248. Catalog available at website on June 1 or by mail

July 25, 2015. Center of the Nation NSIP Sale. Fairgrounds in Spencer, IA. For info: Dan Morrical 515-294-2904 or morrical@iastate.edu.

August 2, 2015. Jamestown Ram Sale. Jamestown ND. 3 Katahdins consigned as of March. Can also consign ewes and lambs. Contact David Brown, Exec Sec, ND Lamb & Wool Producers, ndlwpa@gmail.com , www.ndlwpa.com or 701-840-7598.

**August 6-8, 2014. 11th Annual KHSI Expo & Sale. Indiana County Fairgrounds. Indiana, PA. www.katahdins.org or James Morgan at 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org Consignment deadline June 15, 2015. Catalog avail-able July 5.

September 26, 2015. Virginia Tech Southwest AREC Pasture Ram Test Sale & Field Day. Glade Springs, VA. Rams evaluated for growth, loin eye depth and parasite resistance on pasture. Lee Wright, lrite@vt.edu, 276-944-2200

October 3??, 2015. Annual Midwest Hair Sheep Sale. Salem, Indiana. Washington County Fairgrounds. Finalized date and time set later. washingtonces@purdue.edu or 812-883-4501. www.wcsheep.org/wcsheep.org **- Indicates there is an article with more information in this issue of the Hairald.

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.orgPage �0 summer �015

Strelow Ranch

Sid & Julie Strelow701-944-2404 • (c) 701-331-9393

sids@polarcomm.com

Adams, ND 58210

Foundation Stock from Dosch Katahdins and

Lillehaugen Farms

February & March Lambing

Educational Events CalendarContact the KHSI Operations Office to ask for your event or sale to be posted. 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org

**June 5-6, 2015. South Central Katahdin Association Annual Field Day and Sale. Beauregard Fairgrounds in DeRidder, Louisiana. Darrell Adams, 337-515-4342 or adosheep.1@gmail.com.

June 23,25. Midwest Stud Ram Sale. MO State Fairgrounds. Sedalia, MO. Presentations on performance evalu-ation with NSIP and one on Conformation. Repeated on Tu & Thu. Time and location to be announced. www.midwestsale.com or boelke@midwestsale.com or 218-770-2248.

**June 27, 2015. KHSI Hair Coat Inspection Training & U of Wisconsin Sheep Extension Field Day. Arena WI. Vince & Nancy Pope’s Double Ewe Farm and Grandma Mary’s Café. Contact James Morgan at 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org for hair coat inspection training. For more information about the Field Day contact James Morgan at 479-444-8441, Gene Schreifer Iowa County, gene.schriefer@ces.uwex.edu or 608-930-9850 or Dr Dave Thomas, 608-263-4306 or dlthomas@wisc.edu

**July 15-18, 2015. Sheep for Profit Workshop. Pipestone, MN. www.pipestonesheep.com Pipestone Lamb and Wool Management Program, Minnesota West Community and Technical College, PO Box 250, Pipe-stone, MN 56164, 1-800-658-2330 or jodi.christensen@mnwest.edu

**August 6-8, 2015. Tenth Annual Katahdin Hair Sheep International Expo. Annual KHSI Educational Workshops on August 7th at Rustic Lodge in Indiana, Pennsylvania. info@katahdins.org, 479-444-8441 or www.katahdins.org

September 26, 2015. Virginia Tech Southwest AREC Pasture Ram Test Sale & Field Day. Glade Springs, VA. Date to be determined later. Presentations prior to the sale. Rams evaluated for growth, loin eye depth and parasite resistance on pasture. Contact Lee Wright, lrite@vt.edu, 276-944-2200**- Indicates there is an article with more information in this issue of the Hairald.

Tom & Maria Dosch • PO Box 517 • Frederick, SD 57441605-329-7928 • 605-329-2478 • ewemad@nvc.net • www.doschkatahdins.com

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.org Page �1summer �015

Our Stud Rams in their working clothes

DOC 664DOC 664, son of ADS 0105, dam is DOC

P45, twin sister to DOC P46, sire of “First Ever”.

First Feb Lamb at NAILE, “First Ever” son, we will mate for fall lambs before he finds a new home.

DOC P186DOC P186, “Second Coming” second

place fall, second place yearling Louisville, maternal half brother to “First Ever”.

Our choice of the ram lambs at the 2011 Expo held in Pipestone.

ADS 0105

DOC P297, "First Ever", Champion Ram at Louisville 2012, a May 25th yearling whose twin sister was second to champion ewe in class.

DOC P297 DOC P617DOC P617 a double bred son of the

Brown ram. We have been limited in the ewes we could breed him to but his lambs have performed well and we had him with a super good set of ewes this fall.

All sheep look great in a show picture.

CONSIGNING EWES to The Midwest Stud

Ram Sale and the North Star Sale. Expect to show

Minnesota State Fair and Louisville.

G.F. & Deb Kennedy, and Gary Gorter

Pipestone, MN • 507-215-0487 gkennedy@pipevet.com

Pipestone Katahdins

Rams available at the farm

Outstanding stud ram prospect we pur-chased from Jane Smith at the KHSI Expo. We bred him to a number of ewes.

SCD 3333

SHU 3581Our other Shultz Ram we purchased

at Midwest has been used on some of our fall lambing ewes. Pictured here with other yearling prospects, he is develop-ing well.

Shultz ram was the top selling ram lamb at the Expo. A number of ewes have been bred to him.

SHU 3616

First Ever mother with her lambs this year.

All 2015 sale females have been spoken for.

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.orgPage �� summer �015

New this year. You can rent an RV in the campground behind the sheep barn. Mark Kestner of RV Rentals can have an RV ready for you on your arrival. In addition to the RV rental, will also need to pay $25/night to the fairgrounds for hookup. Mark Kestner RV Rentals, bluebirdoutdooradventures@gmail.com or 660-553-8937 for details.

Heartland Management is also contracting for a men’s and a women’s dormitory on the grounds for con-signors and/or their help. We are hoping to charge about $10 per night. It is in the Youth building which is newer than sheep barn and nice and clean. We only want to have this available for consignors at this time. If you consign, we, Heartland Livestock Services, will let you know by email before long.

Don’t forget that the Leroy Boyd Memorial Junior Youth Show is Mon-day, June 22, Katahdin Open Show is 8 AM Tue June 23 and Katahdin

DaviD & Jane Smith KatahDinS3985 n 300 W, earl ParK, in 47942

219-474-3216 • djsmicol@ffni.comwww.djsmithkatahdins.com

Some of our naturally born fall ram lambs are pictured here. The majority of our spring born lambs carry these same genetics. They are sired by fall born rams or rams that have consistently bred for fall lambing. Having these aseasonal genetics has proven to give us an advantage of lambing whenever we want to have lambs, as well as increasing the lifetime productivity and profitability of the ewes. So if you are looking to add some out of season lambing to your flock, give us a call and/or stop in and take a look. As always, visitors are welcome.

If you don’t want lambs don’t turn the rams out.

DAVID & JANE SMITH KATAHDINS

Updates from Midwest Stud Ram Sale TeamHeartland Livestock Services

Sale is 8 AM Thu June 25. Come to the sale. You can also bid online at www.dvauction.com. The last two years, there have been 130 plus Ka-tahdins to select from. Don't miss this great opportunity to buy sheep.

There will also be educational talks on June 23 and they will repeat on June 25. Using Estimated Breeding Values (EBV) in Selection of Breeding Stock will be presented by Alan Culham and Structural Soundness will be presented by Dr Bert Moore.

The catalog will be available on-line, so check there for updates. www.midwestsale.com. You can also follow the sale on facebook - https://www.facebook.com/ram.sale.

Contact information: Gen-eral quest ions can be sent to midweststudramsale@gmail.com. En-try questions at ads@midwestsale.com. Curt Overcash can be reached at 815-210-7000 and Bret Oelke at 218-770-2428.

Below is a list of hotels in Sedalia Missouri area. If you are planning on attending and need a hotel in Sedalia or a neighboring town, it is worth calling ASAP to reserve your rooms. Sedalia area hotels fill up very quickly around these dates.

Sedalia Area HotelsBest Western Fax

660-826-6100 660-827-3850

EconoLodge Fax

660-826-8400 660-826-1230

Holiday Inn Express Fax

660-826-4000 660-826-4001

Comfort Inn Fax

660-829-5050 660-829-5150

Super 8 Motel 660-827-5890Parkfield Inn 660-438-2474Bothwell Hotel 660-826-5588EconoLodge in Knob Knoster

660-563-3000

Midwest Stud Ram Sale Sedalia, MO Hotel Options

for June 23-28, 2015

The KaTahdin hairald • www.KaTahdins.org Page ��summer �015

Stud Rams • JDK 207 • DOC P40 • VJ 9048

Foundation ewes from Kennedy-Dosch-Young

John, Judy & Scott Dyer 834 E. CR 1250N• Chrisney, IN 47611

(h) 812-362-8012 • (c) 812-457-0320jdkatahdins@Reagan.com

All rams RR

Grand Champion Katahdin Ewe, Highest Selling Katahdin, and in Top 5 in the Supreme Drive at the 2014 Midwest Stud Ram Sale.

Grand Champion Katahdin EwE

2014 Midwest Stud Ram Sale1st plaCE FEbruary EwE lamb

2014 Midwest Stud Ram Sale4th plaCE FEbruary ram lamb

2014 Midwest Stud Ram Sale1st plaCE January Katahdin EwE lamb

2014 National Katahdin Show, N.A.I.L.E.

rEsErvE Grand Champion EwE

JdK 331

2014 National Katahdin Show, N.A.I.L.E.rEsErvE sEnior Champion ram

JdK 411

Breeding & Performance

We take pride in the fact that our sheep not only look good in the show ring, but they also perform well in the feed lot.

Our sheep can be seen in 2015 at:Midwest Stud Ram Sale, Sedalia, MO • Indiana State Fair

• Kentucky State Fair • Tennessee Valley FairNational Katahdin Show, N.A.I.L.E.

We will be consigning

half-brothers and half-sisters

of these sheep at Sedalia.

See You There!

Focus on Ewe-th:

Two Katahdin Youth Scholarships will be awarded this summer. Appli-cations are due on June 30, 2015.

KHSI is continuing its scholarship program in 2015 for youth entering college or already in college or in grad-uate school. Two $500 scholarships will be awarded to youth for use at any US college or university. Go to the KHSI Website: www.katahdins.org download an application. Completed applications and reference letters must be received by June 30, 2015 to be considered for this year’s competition. Those without internet access can call KHSI Operations at 479-444-8441 to request application materials to be postal mailed.

Eligibility: the applicant must be a youth member of KHSI, or their im-mediate family must have a current KHSI membership. Applicant must be under 21 as of January 1, 2015 or under age 26 if applying for graduate school, and must have been involved with Katahdin sheep for at least 1 year. For questions about the scholarship, or to request application materials, please call KHSI at 479-444-8441, visit the KHSI website www.katahdins.org or email info@katahdins.org

WHen I LooK out My WIndoW

By Bailey Everett, Hahira, GA(age 14, sister of Youth Member

Bryce Everett)As I look out my window I see

sheep grazing in the green pasture. Their white fluffy coat stands out against the grass in the noon day sun. Lambs bounce and skip and prance everywhere they go, but their mothers are usually there to calm them down. Some people can understand what the mothers are trying to get across by the different bleating noises they make. The lambs unhappily obey the com-mand and stick close to them. While they are eating their afternoon meal, the observant, white guard dog starts making his rounds. As the day wears down, a beautiful sunset with pink and purple stripes hangs in the sky and the flock lays down in a group. The sunset fades away as the stars come out and shine brightly over the farm. The farmer sleeps peacefully in-side, knowing that her flock is safe and protected. As I close my window, I am thankful that I have the opportunity to live in such a beautiful place.

uPdate on 2015 youtH PrograMS

Henry Shultz, Youth Committee Chairperson

On behalf of the Youth Committee, I would like to thank all the Katahdin breeders who have contributed to the

East Coast.Seeing the youth involvement

grow makes me even more excited about our breed! Contributions can be made to KHSI to help support these activities. This bright future is thanks to the generous donations made to the youth fund. Thank you for giv-ing us the privilege to serve on the Youth Committee and develop these projects.

2015 Katahdin Youth Scholarship

Application Information

Youth writer, Bailey Everett, with a lamb

youth fund. Over the last four years we have seen youth membership tri-ple! This can be attributed to breeders, like yourself, who are willing to sup-port the youth through contributions and volunteering your time. Youth are the future of not only our breed but the agriculture industry.

When my girls were growing up, we found they liked to be involved in activities with other kids. The friend-ships & knowledge they gained were timeless. The Youth Committee strives to provide activities and projects for Katahdin juniors that will be both educational and fun.

Thank you to the Kennedy Fam-ily for sponsoring the first annual Junior Show at the North American International Livestock Exposition in Louisville, Kentucky. Juniors repre-senting multiple states competed in the show.

The scholarship program is in its fourth year and we hope it continues to grow. Last year we were able to award three $500 scholarships to graduating high school seniors who have been involved with Katahdin sheep. More information about the scholarship can be found on the KHSI website.

To honor an active Katahdin breed-er, the Leroy Boyd Memorial Show was started in conjunction with the Midwest Stud Ram Sale. This year the educational program and pizza party will be Sunday evening, June 21. This is the evening before the show on Monday, June 22. All are invited to attend.

Katahdins are again being exhib-ited at the Midwest Junior Preview Show on June 6th. This show hosts educational workshops as well as a junior show. Both of these events have seen Katahdin numbers double the last several years and I believe they will continue to grow. As these events are not solely Katahdin events, other youth are being exposed to Katahdins and seeing the benefits of the breed.

The Youth Committee is excited to see Katahdins added to the New England Youth Show this summer. They will also again be exhibited at the Eastern States Exposition, also called the Big E, during both the junior and open shows. This will allow more exposure for Katahdins to kids on the

Did you forget to donate to KHSI Youth?

Send donations for Youth Scholarships or Premiums.

Can write donations off as Farm/Ranch Expense

Luke & Sandi Lillehaugen • Maynard & Dee Lillehaugen

Lillehaugen FarmsLillehaugen FarmsBrocket, NDBrocket, ND

Luke & Sandi Lillehaugen • Maynard & Dee LillehaugenH - (701) 259-2158 • C - (701) 367-9018

Email: sheep@lillehaugenfarms.com • Website: www.lillehaugenfarms.com

~ The 5 stud rams that will sire our 2015 lamb crop ~

Call or emailfor your 2015breeding stockneeds!

Raising Registered & Commercial Ewes

Fall and Spring Lambing Program

Breeding Stock For Sale

Well-Managed, Quality Flock with Production Records

“Freddie” TMD1374 “Howie” HLB325 “Aspen” ADS0157 “Hunter” HRS1402“Schultz” SHU3003

James Morgan, ArkansasUSDA FSIS (US Department of Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service) is the public health agency “responsible

for ensuring that the nation’s commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged.” Besides the registration form 5020-1, they also have several helpful guides to help educate a meat marketer on safe meat storage, handling and transportation.

Most KHSI members do not need to fill out this form. Those who do not include operations that only market a) live lambs to individuals, sale barns or lamb buyers, b) breeding stock, c) freezer lamb, d) inspected meat cuts to individu-als off your farm or at farmers' markets. If you sell to any entity that resells the meat, then form 5020-1 is for you.

It is a simple form that takes less than 5 minutes to fill out. There are several district offices across the US. They can be located at the following website. http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/informational/districtoffices . Forms can be downloaded from http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/forms/fsis-forms . If you don’t have the internet, take this article to a public library or to your extension office or a friend/family member who can help you. They can help you find a phone number for your district office. The district office can send you the required form or help you understand it.

The USDA FSIS person who visited our farm showed her official badge, looked at our freezers and was very pleas-ant and informative.

Form 5020-1 Required for Producers Who Market Processed Meat to Restaurants, Stores or Distributors that Re-Sell

Please mark your calendars for the MKHSA 2015 Annual Meeting. It will be held at the Golden Corral in Sedalia on Wednesday, June 24th starting at 5 PM. Dinner will be first,

followed by the membership meeting, tentatively around 6 PM. Please note this is a different day of the week for our meeting, but based on the 2015 Midwest Stud Ram

Sale Schedule, it is still the evening before the Katahdin Sale.

Midwest Katahdin Hair Sheep Association Meeting – Wed June 24

Hairald CalendarKHSI periodically posts information on sheep sales and sheep events as a public service. Posting sale and event informa-

tion does not imply endorsement or verification of the claims of any sale or event. Sales and events posted are not sanctioned by KHSI unless otherwise noted. Contact the KHSI Operations Office to ask for your event or sale to be posted. 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org

Have You Paid Your 2015 Dues? Send them ASAP to KHSI Operations, PO Box 778, Fayetteville, AR 72702.**June 5-6, 2015. South Central Katahdin Association Annual Field Day and Sale. Beauregard Fairgrounds

in DeRidder, LA. Educational events schedule to be published later. Darrell Adams, 337-515-4342 or adosheep.1@gmail.com. check www.hair-sheep.com/

June 6, 2015. Midwest Junior Preview Show. Sedalia, MO. MO State Fairgrounds. Contact: midwestshow@hotmail.com or Kate Lambert, 1105 N Main Street, Brookfield, MO 64628, 660-541-0468. http://www.midwestjuniorpreviewshow.com/ to sign up for an online newsletter, find more information or to donate to the Midwest Junior Preview Show premium fund.

June 22, 2015. Leroy Boyd Memorial Junior Show. Sedalia, MO. Katahdin only show. Contact Henry & Becky Shultz 573-682-5481 or beckyshultz@msn.com or http://www.midwestsale.com for more information.

**June 22-25, 2015. Midwest Stud Ram Show and Sale. MO State Fairgrounds, Sedalia, MO. Katahdins show at 8 AM, on 23rd & sell at 8 AM on 25th. Event lasts from 23-28th with other breeds showing and selling throughout the week. www.midwestsale.com, boelke@midwestsale.com or 218-770-2248. Catalog available at website on June 1 or by mail

June 24, 2015. Annual Midwest Katahdin Hair Sheep Association Meeting. Sedalia, MO. Usually at 5 PM. Great place to meet and greet “great hair raisers”.

**June 27, 2015. KHSI Hair Coat Inspection Training & U of Wisconsin Sheep Extension Field Day. Arena WI. Vince & Nancy Pope’s Double Ewe Farm and Grandma Mary’s Café. Contact James Morgan at 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org. For more information about the Field Day contact James Morgan at 479-444-8441, Gene Schreifer Iowa County, gene.schriefer@ces.uwex.edu or 608-930-9850 or Dr Dave Thomas, 608-263-4306 or dlthomas@wisc.edu

**June 30, 2015. Youth Scholarship Applications due. info@katahdins.org, PO Box 778, Fayetteville, AR 72702 or 479-444-8441. Download application from www.katahdins.org

July 10-12, 2015. North East Youth Sheep Show. West Springfield, MA. Click on events at http://www.nesheep.org/

**August 6-8, 2015. Eleventh Annual Katahdin Hair Sheep International Expo. Annual KHSI Educational Workshop, Membership Meeting and KHSI National Sale. At Rustic Lodge and Indiana County Fairgrounds in Indiana, Pennsylvania.

September 22??, 2015. Big E Katahdin Open & Junior Show. Springfield, MA. Watch the website for entry information and to verify date of show. http://www.thebige.com/general-info/

September 26, 2015. Virginia Tech Southwest AREC Pasture Ram Test Sale & Field Day. Glade Springs, VA. Educational presentations prior to sale. Rams evaluated for growth, loin eye depth and parasite resistance on pasture. Contact Lee Wright, lrite@vt.edu, 276-944-2200

November 15??, 2015. Kennedy Family National Katahdin Junior Show. Louisville, KY. NAILE. http://www.livestockexpo.org/ Final date set in May. Entries due by Oct. 1, 2015.

November 19??, 2015. Katahdin Open Show. Louisvile, KY. NAILE (North American International Livestock, Exposition. Final date set in May. NAILE. http://www.livestockexpo.org/. Entries due by Oct. 1, 2015.**- Indicates there is an article with more information in this issue of the Hairald.NOTE: Sales are listed in the Sale Roundup Feature elsewhere in this issue.

Fall WinterArticle Deadline/Display Ad commitment deadline (includes ad size) Jul 1 Oct 7 Display Ad content due to Xpressions Jul 14 Oct 20Classified Ads due to Operations Jul 14 Oct 20Mailing date (Bulk Mail) Aug 7 Nov 13

Hairald Publications and Ad Deadlines

KHSI thanks KHSI members Vince and Nancy Pope in Arena Wisconsin for agreeing to host a hair coat in-spection training. KHSI also thanks University of Wisconsin Extension for helping host the day which includes two other educational presentations. Dr Dave Thomas, U of W Sheep Exten-sion Professor and extension agent, Gene Schreifer, are taking part in this educational field day.

The day starts on June 27th, with registration for hair coat training at 8:45 AM at the Pope’s Farm. Hair coat inspection training will begin at 9 AM.

After the hair coat training, the Field Day continues at Grandma Mary’s Café in Arena, Wisconsin. Reg-istration for the Integrated Parasite Management course opens at 10:45 at the cafe. At 11:15, U of Wisconsin Ex-

Wisconsin Hair Coat Inspection Training and FAMACHA Training Field Day June 27, 2015

tension personnel will do a talk cover-ing pasture and forage management. At Noon, participants will break for lunch. Following lunch there will be a course on Integrated Parasite Manage-ment. Those who take the course are eligible to purchase a FAMACHA® card ($12/card). The day will con-clude back at Vince & Nancy Pope’s Double Ewe Farm with hands on training using the FAMACHA® card. We expect to finish at 4:30 PM.

Integrated Parasite Management includes training in the use of the FAMACHA® and Five Point Check ® and Smart Drenching. It includes information on more effective use of dewormers (anthelmintics) and when shepherds should deworm. This will be presented by Dr James Morgan of Katahdin Hair Sheep International. A FAMACHA® card has five shades of

red to creamy white, that has been de-veloped to assess the level of anemia. It is an excellent guide to determine if a sheep or goat needs deworming for the barberpole worm. It is a very effective, low tech parasite manage-ment tool.

Vince & Nancy Pope’s Double Ewe Farm is at 6620 Ray Hollow Road, Arena, WI 53503 or email vince@DoubleEweFarm.com for directions. Grandma Mary’s Café is at 175 US Highway 14, Arena, WI 53503. For more information about the Hair Coat Inspec-tion Training contact James Morgan at 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org. For more information about the Field Day contact James Morgan at 479-444-8441, Gene Schreifer Iowa County, gene.schriefer@ces.uwex.edu or 608-930-9850 or Dr Dave Thomas, 608-263-4306 or dlthomas@wisc.edu

Sending in Registry Work? Make sure you have addressed your envelope with a Pennsylvania Address not Milo, IA

his paper “Scientific Challenges to Animal Breeding and Genetics.”

Wright, for example, quantified inbreeding depression based on studies with guinea pigs as he sought to explain the optimum population structure for evolution. Lush, in turn, clarified the uses of both linebreed-ing and hybrid vigor for livestock improvement and established the practical applications of population-change theory.

Building on Bakewell’s work in Tudor England, Lush published in 1933 a famous bulletin on linebreed-ing that advocated the subdivision of a flock or herd into many lines, each mildly linebred to outstanding ancestors, with continuous pressure to discover exceptional animals and eliminate inferior ones. Individual breeders have emphasized linebreed-ing (mild inbreeding) and use Lush’s method. But linebreeders would do well to ponder Lush’s reporting that every animal carries eight to ten defec-tive genes.

And even “pure” breeds cannot truly be purified. Consider this from

late in Lush’s life: “[M]ost of us far underestimated

the number of loci; . . . Muller rocked most of us to our heels by estimating that Drosophila [fruit flies] had some-thing more than 2,000 loci. Most of us acted as if we thought that the pure breeds of livestock were nearly homo-zygous [pure]. With those two ideas in our mental background, the certain goal of genetics seemed clearly to be that we should compile a catalogue of the genes which each breed had. The rest would be easy!”

Biology and genetics have since moved into the molecular era and are mapping genes. The useable results for most farmers, however, may be slow in arriving. In the meantime, Lush’s Animal Breeding Plans is the high water mark of twentieth-century thought and practice and a roadmap of the basics into the twenty-first century.

Jay Laurence Lush (1896–1982) was born in a log house in southwestern Iowa of English and Scotch-Irish stock, according to the autobiographical sketch he wrote for his induction into

the National Academy of Sciences. He majored in animal husbandry at Kansas State Agricultural College, where he found mathematics easy but not intriguing, and was active in debating.

In 1919 Lush entered the doctoral program in genetics at the University of Wisconsin. Upon finishing in 1922, he went to the Texas Agricultural Ex-periment Station, where he worked for more than eight years on the genetics of Brahman cattle and Karakul sheep and on dairying issues.

Lush came up against the problem of measurement. The differences be-tween the humped Asian cattle and other breeds were apparent to him on horseback from a quarter of a mile away. But as he tried to measure and quantify differences, within-breed variations became apparent. And many qualities that could be measured had no practical importance.

Colleagues in chemical engineer-ing, statistics, and mathematics helped Lush adjust for such variables as

Milledge & Roxanne NewtonHahira, GA • (229) 794-3456

mcnjr53@yahoo.com www.Houndriverfarm.com

Editor’s Note: The Pipestone program is nationally recognized as one of the best systems for profit and production of lamb. It is oriented toward intensive inputs with harvested feedstuffs, but it also offers a lot of valuable information for extensive grass programs.

The Pipestone Lamb and Wool program is excited to offer a Sheep for Profit School July 15-18, 2015 in Pipestone, Minnesota. This will be the 8th course offering with 127 past participants from 23 different states completing the course.

The Sheep for Profit School is a professional management and busi-ness school for the sheep industry. The purpose of the school is to help producers improve their sheep man-agement skills; increase the profitabil-ity of their sheep operation and form business relationships. The school

Sheep For Profit School July 15-18, 2015will be intense and combine lecture, group discussion and visits to two outstanding Pipestone area sheep operations. Expert instructors with diverse and practical sheep experi-ence will help you define your vision and build a practical plan to achieve your goals. This is a three and a half day investment that will change your sheep operation and how you view the sheep industry.

Enrollment in the school is limited to create an ideal learning environment and allow for one-on-one advising. Visit www.pipestonesheep.com for registration information and a course schedule. For more information, Pipe-stone Lamb & Wool Management Pro-gram, Minnesota West Community and Technical College, PO Box 250, Pipestone, MN 56164, 800-658-2330 or jodi.christensen@mnwest.edu.

the effects of weather on the day he weighed animals. Yet he was hindered by the difficulty in analyzing large data sets. The Texas research appren-ticeship ended in 1930 when he left for Iowa State College. By then, Lush had struggled with so many analyses on so many topics that he was, he said, “peculiarly ripe to learn.”

At Iowa, he audited Sewell Wright’s class on statistical genetics, traveling to the University of Chicago. This prepared him for instruction by stat-istician Ronald Fisher, who guest-lec-tured for five weeks at Iowa.

By the late 1940s, Animal Breeding Plans, first published in 1937, had been translated into Spanish, Polish, Portuguese, and Rumanian. Lush’s emphasis on breeding based not on the appearance of an animal but on its performance and genetic makeup had enormous influence.

He considered his single most important paper his 1947 study on how much attention should be paid to the strengths and weaknesses of littermates when choosing swine for breeding stock. One of his former graduate students, Arthur B. Chapter wrote, “The problem developed into the more general one of asking how much a population mean [average] would be changed by selection on individual performance alone versus selecting on family merit alone.”

The bottom line for pig farmers was that Lush wrote equations for predicting the breeding value of an individual based on its own perfor-mance and its family average.

One of Lush’s doctoral students, another Iowa farm boy, C.R. Hender-son, would transform animal breeding around the globe by showing how to draw linear meanings from masses of performance data, missing informa-tion, and genetic relationships.

“Chuck” Henderson, born fifteen years later than Lush in the same county, showed exceptional promise from an early age. Growing up on a classic diversified farm, where horses supplied power for fieldwork, Hen-derson was named Iowa’s Farmer of the Year as a senior in high school.

His master’s thesis involved es-timating variance in the progeny of crosses from lines of inbred swine. Endorsed by the legendary statistician Fisher and published in Biometrics in

1953, the work became a standard reference on variance.

Henderson minored in statistics during his subsequent doctoral study in animal breeding. As part of his doc-toral work, he developed a method to minimize problems caused by missing data.

With his dissertation still to write, he took a job in 1948 at Cornell Uni-versity, where in about a year he pre-sented his refined techniques as BLUP: Best Linear Unbiased Prediction.

BLUP merged several techniques to deal with “messy, unbalanced data”—random genetic effects, environmental factors, and missing data that must be predicted. BLUP disentangles nature (genetics) from nurture (the environ-ment). Uniting two major but formerly separate equation models, Henderson showed how millions of computations could be performed simultaneously in genetic evaluations to appropriately emphasize pieces of information.

BLUP didn’t require random sam-pling of the population to prevent bias—this was vital, because selection of sires and dams is made on the ba-sis of their performance, not because they are “representative” or average animals.

Henderson’s statistical technique improves its accuracy when there are

genetic relationships among groups being evaluated on different farms. In a major practical application, he convinced New York State dairymen to use the semen of young bulls in many herds so that their daughters could be evaluated in several places. Although this was controversial, his method soon showed which sires were superior at transmitting milking ability. The experiment was a break-through in applied livestock breeding and resulted in the fastest genetic progress for milk production that had ever been seen.

Once computing power caught up with Henderson’s ideas in the early 1980s, the most effective and accurate way to evaluate animals was complete.

BLUP bases its estimates of breed-ing value on farmers’ measurements body weight or milk production and takes into account a myriad of variables: the age of dams, genetic progress and the effect of selection, the heritability of traits, effects of in-breeding, the quality of the animal’s own herd or flock, and the season of the year. Once these computations are made, animals from different farms, management systems, and even

from Blakewell to Blup, continueD from page ��

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those born in different years can be compared.

“Henderson’s methods have been since the 1950s—and will be for the foreseeable future—the basis for genetic evaluations for every breed of every class of livestock in every country in the world,” wrote L. Dale Van Vleck in a brief biography of Henderson. “Millions of beef cattle, dairy cattle, pigs, sheep, and other species are evaluated annually with what are called ‘Henderson’s mixed model equations.’ These equations are also applied to statistical analyses in many other disciplines. The impact of Henderson’s discoveries is perhaps incalculable.”

In the estimation of Van Vleck, Lush and Henderson “had more im-pact on modern animal production in the United States and the world than any other pair of scientists since the rediscovery of Mendel’s laws.”

Henderson (1911–1989) would

join Lush in 1985 as a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He continued working until he died, passing away after preparing slides for a scientific meeting to be held a week later.

Henderson’s work has so suc-cessfully transformed livestock that, inevitably, it has been attacked. In-creasingly during early 2000s, BLUP’s expected progeny differences (EPDs) have been blamed for creating cattle that are too big, animals suited for feedlots but unfit for life on pasture.

However, single-trait selection for such things as growth rate and mature size was a problem long before EPDs. But because EPDs are so effective, they can make the bad consequences of wrongheaded breeding happen much faster than any other method.

Lush is Henderson’s eloquent defender from the grave. He wrote in Animal Breeding Plans, “Considerably more needs to be done in develop-

ing practical selection indexes which will pay attention to each practically important characteristic without the risk of overemphasizing it.”

Indexes thwart the human ten-dency to maximize and thereby to lose biological balance. Growth rate is important, but not at the cost of losing mothering ability or other aspects of biological fitness. Among thinking livestock breeders, indexes have be-come vital for identifying genetics that are balanced, efficient, and optimal for the production environment.

Most breeders don’ t s tudy Bakewell’s lessons concerning selec-tion pressure or Lush’s breeding sys-tems or use EPDs, Henderson’s mea-sure of breeding worth. But although the specifics can be intimidating, the concepts can be grasped.

Shepherds have lessons to learn from the greatest minds that have struggled with the question of how to breed better livestock.

from Blakewell to Blup, continueD from page �9

Join us at the KHSI Expo August 6-8 in Indiana, Pennsylvania

Lambs Available

Year 'Round

Springlake Livestock LLCAaron and Sarah Scyphers

26699 Shortsville Road • Abingdon, VA 24210 276-608-7520 • ascyphers2@gmail.com

Offering both Commercial and Registered stock

oLd BuSIneSS1. Promotion Committee - Steve

Camp offered a report from the rela-tively brief meeting of those present interested in enhancing promotion of Katahdin sheep. Exhibits were encouraged as a particularly effective promotion tool; KHSI has some mate-rials to loan to members for displays. 4-H activities, especially market lamb showing, was also highlighted. This led to some discussion of a sanctioned Katahdin breeding show with the general sense that the breeders are probably not ready yet.

There is interest in looking at op-tions for a new logo design. Don Klas-sen and Bruce Kerr offered to lead the effort to line up sketches.

The committee stressed that it would like to compile individual breeders’ video footage of their sheep to attempt to edit and create one video piece. Any breeders having such foot-age should send the original or a copy to Steve and Chris Camp (they will copy an original and return). There was a very strong desire expressed

to have such a video for promotional and educational purposes while look-ing forward to a more professional production in the future.

2. Performance Evaluation Task Force - Mike Bondy reported from the Task Force meeting held just prior to the membership meeting. The group followed up on discussion from the 1992 meeting and first identified priority performance factors as: rate of gain, mothering, annual produc-tion per ewe, nonseasonal breeding ability, and hair coat. The task force felt that Katahdin breeders need to be convinced to pursue performance evaluation within their flocks. Some of the advantages cited were the reputation of being organized and having documentation, being able to make more effective breeding, selection, and culling decisions with the goal of better breeding stock and more profit potential. Tools required for performance evaluation include consistent identification of animals, weighing lambs accurately and regu-larly, and record-keeping materials. Mechanisms available include various

on-farm computer programs, the Na-tional Sheep Improvement Program (NSIP) sponsored by the American Sheep Industry Association in the United States and the Record of Per-formance (ROP) program sponsored by the Canadian Ministry of Agri-culture. Stan Musgrave described the history of the latter two options and Mike Bondy elaborated on the workings and advantages of the ROP program.

Given several good options, the de-sire for Katahdin breeders to utilize a single program was examined. It was recognized that the value of national programs include their impartiality and the ability to do breed summaries through across-flock data collection. There was discussion whether KHSI should recommend to breeders ROP or NSIP so enough Katahdins are enrolled in one program to attain credible summaries. The task force clarified their group consensus that:

1) there is a need for performance evaluation,

kHsi 1993 annual memBersHip meeting, continueD from page 1�

Continued on page ��

KHSI Promotion CommitteeAttention all photogra-

phers: KHSI announces the opening of the 11th Annual Photo Contest. We are con-tinuing our efforts to obtain quality photographs for pro-moting Katahdin sheep. The contest is open to all who wish to enter. The photog-rapher does not have to be a member of KHSI. The photo-graph must include Katahdin sheep.

Entries must be re -ceived by November 1, 2015 and can be emailed to info@katahdins.org or sent on a CD to KHSI Operations, PO Box 778, Fayetteville AR 72702.

Photographs from pre-vious contests have been used in ads in national sheep magazines and other KHSI promotional activities. Sev-eral have been included in the Katahdin Hairald.

If you want your picture to be on the cover of the Katahdin Hairald, we strongly suggest that you turn your camera 90°. The photo will be oriented vertically and work better on the cover.

Entries will be judged on composi-tion, exposure, focus, relevance, and creativity (or appeal) with the goal of promoting Katahdin sheep. Prizes can be used to pay for Registry services (registering, recording or transferring sheep), annual membership, Breeder Page or promotional items (t-shirts, hats, vests, signs) and shipping. We call them KHSI Dollars.

First Place: $50 of KHSI services or promotional items.

Second Place: $25 of KHSI services or promotional items.

Third Place: $10 of KHSI services or promotional items.

CategorIeS:1. Best Promotion - Katahdin Ewes

– Photographs that show one or more of the qualities promoted for Katahdin ewes such as: efficient grazers, superb mothers, low main-tenance, easy lambing, adaptable, etc.

2015 KHSI Annual Photo Contest Open!

2. Best Promotion - Katahdin Rams – “Appropriate” photographs that show a picture of a Katahdin ram (s) or ram lamb(s) that can be used to promote Katahdins.

3. Action – Photographs of ac-tivities such as moving/trailing sheep, lambing, tagging, exhibit-ing, grazing, feeding, etc. (Note that all pictures featuring youth ages 18 and younger should be entered in the “Kids and Sheep” category.)

4. Katahdin Meat - Specifically looking for photos that promote Katahdins as a meat breed. Ideas for photos include: hanging carcass(es) that demonstrate muscle and quality finish, hang-ing carcass(es) split to show rib-eye, photos of cuts to show good meat quality. Not required, but helpful if photos in this category include include age, sex, hang-ing % and hanging carcass wt of lamb.

5. Scenic – Photographs of sheep outdoors. (Photos entered in this category cannot include people.)

6. Kids and Sheep – Photographs containing pictures of youth less than 18 years of age and sheep.

7. Open Category – Photographs that do not fall into the four above-listed categories.

8. Just for Youth – Pictures of Katah-dins taken by individuals under 19. The picture topic can be any category.

otHer ConteSt ruLeS: • Photos being submitted have never

been previously published.• All entries become the property of

KHSI to be used or reproduced at the discretion of KHSI. Owners of the photographed sheep may continue to use the photos.

• All entries must be submitted in digital form, at least 300 dpi, either by email or on a CD.

This is a very important rule! Check the settings on your camera. Many great photos that are submit-ted do not have the resolution to be used on the Hairald covers or in magazine advertisements. Please

"Grazing with Mom"photo by Haplo Ghan of California

"Hartland Sheep Company Ram"Kyle & Susan Hart of Indiana

be SURE the setting is at 300 dpi or higher.

• Camera and copy shops and some discount stores can help you turn your best hardcopy photos into digital format. Call Operations at 479-444-8441 if you need sugges-

"Scenic Cleanup"photo by Johanna Kern of Montana

�01� kHsi annual pHoto contest, continueD from page 3�

tions on this.• Entries must be submitted in the

name of the person who took the photograph.

• Entries are limited to two per per-son per category.

• Only photographs that have been taken in the past three years may be entered. • Provide the following information in an email or in a file on the disk or CD:1. Title of photo2. Category (from the six listed above) into which it is being entered3. Photographer’s name4. Mailing address 5. Phone number6. E-mail address7. Approximate date photo-graph was taken8. Approximate location of where photograph was taken

Questions? Please call or email KHSI Operations at info@katahdins.org or 479-444-8441 especially if you need ideas on how to get your photos to us. We do want to acknowledge that these guidelines are based on those used for the ASI photo contest.

2) their selected priority traits should be emphasized, and 3) they are inclined to recommend the ROP program from the commit-tee. An informal vote affirmed the recommendation of the task force.3. Consistent Identification Sys-

tem Task Force - The task force thor-oughly discussed the current animal identification requirements of KHSI and options for modification. Mark Dennis reported the group’s conclu-sions as:

1) support for the recent addition of the flock prefix requirement, 2) encouragement of two identifica-tions on each registered/recorded Katahdin, and 3) recommend no adjustments to the current requirements. They also encouraged including

the flock of origin prefix on any re-

placement tags put on pre-1993 born animals.

neW BuSIneSS1. Inspection and Registration

Policies - Don Williams introduced the topic of individual animal inspec-tion as a phase of the registration process and noted there are different means to a desired end. He reported from the Board of Directors’ view that any system needs to be simple and effective and be consistent with the purposes of KHSI. Don further noted that, according to KHSI bylaws, the Board is responsible for achieving these purposes which include pro-tecting and enhancing the Katahdin breed and maintaining it as a distinct breed.

There was vigorous offering of viewpoints as to the advantages, prob-

lems, inconsistencies, and possible revisions of the current inspection system. The predictability of hair coat genetics within the Katahdin breed and potential breeder misrepresen-tation were two issues highlighted frequently in the discussion. A “Code of Ethics” for members was suggested as a tool for supporting breeder in-tegrity.

Ted Sienkiewicz moved voting on the ‘proxy ballot’ mailed to members by him in September. This motion was called out of order since there were several motions rather than one in question. Ted then moved that “a permanent registration certificate will be issued to all animals currently having a temporary registration”. After some dis-cussion, the motion was defeated by those present. Ted then offered ‘proxy ballots’ on this question which had been returned to him since the mail-ing. A recess was called so the Board of Directors could review and consider the validity of the proxies.

Upon return from the recess, Don Williams noted that nine of the eleven ballots submitted were written and from current members so could be considered. He explained the legal basis for proxy votes being valid from the Pennsylvania Legal Code including: “they must be executed by a member or attorney and filed with the Secretary.” Since these ballots had not been submitted to the member-ship from the Board nor filed with the Secretary, the Board declared them invalid.

Ted Sienkiewicz then moved that the motions contained in the mailed ballot be submitted by the Board to the membership for a vote. This was ruled out of order, as motions presented to the membership on a mailed ballot must be formulated by the Board.

Don Williams then offered to formulate a motion to be presented later in the meeting which would ad-dress the concerns raised and allow the meeting to progress onto other topics. There was agreement on this strategy.

2. Export Opportunities - Laura Fortmeyer reviewed the collection of potential sales of breeding stock to Mexico and explained the dynamics of why the interest in Katahdins there

kHsi 1993 annual memBersHip meeting, continueD from page 31

Kentucky Lake Katahdins

270-748-8424887 Hwy 95

Calvert City, KY 42029paulscape1@yahoo.com

kentuckylakekatahdins.com

Paul HowardFlock Prefix "KLK"

All 2015 ewe lambs are sold

Thank You to all of our 2015 Buyers

Ram Lambs Still Available at the Farm

We will be taking select Ewe lambs and Ram lambs to the Midwest Stud Ram Sale

and the KHSI Expo.

Landreth Farm Katahdins

Landreth Farm Katahdins - Steve Landreth5149 Edgewood Rd • Edgewood, IL 62426 • (618) 292-1286

landrethfarm@hotmail.com SPL

Woody Lane, PhDIt’s a new year - a great time for

thinking outside the box. In this case, the box is our common problem of balancing diets for our livestock. I want to introduce a new way of look-ing at it.

Whenever we try to balance a diet, what is the first thing we do? We find a reference book, look up the animal’s expected level of dry matter intake (DMI), and dutifully use that number to govern our calculations. In essence, we tacitly accept the assumption that the book’s reference value accurately describes the size of our animal’s feed “package:’ Then we develop our nu-tritional calculations so that the sum of the feed ingredients fits tidily into that package.

But this approach involves two major problems. The first one, as any nutritionist will tell you, is that the largest variation in our nutritional calculations is the amount of DMI, and that a reference book value for DMI is,

From the Feed Trough: New Year — New Thinking

at best, an educated guess.The second problem is that the

diet’s composition itself will influence the level of intake, and therefore our package size can change based on the ingredients in the package. In other words, the composition of a diet can change the intake of that diet, even though we use the original intake number to calculate the composition of that diet. This is particularly true for ruminants, where diet composition greatly influences the rumen environ-ment. And the livestock that we are trying to feed are ruminants.

Even when we reluctantly ac-knowledge these two problems, we generally disregard them anyway and plod on with our calculators and ration-balancing software. But if we really want to understand our diets and better predict their effects on our animals, maybe we should question our assumptions.

In fact, someone has. Doug Hogue, professor emeritus of animal nutri-

tion at Cornell University, has come up with a rather unusual approach to balancing diets, which he calls The Dugway Feed Company Nutrient Plan. Different, is, well, different. Hang on tight - this is going to be an interesting ride. The Dugway system includes some concepts that may be new to you.

Concept #1: The nutritional energy value known as TDN is really a “score” - a single pooled number designed to represent the amount of energy avail-able in a feedstuff. Other common nu-tritional terms, such as Digestible Dry Matter, Digestible Organic Matter, and the Energy System (Digestible Energy, Metabolizable Energy, Net Energy) are all just variations of this score. Although modern diet formulation models use complex computer-derived scores, these values are still originally based on chemically-derived scores. But the energy reference value (score) of any

573-682-5481

beckyshultz@msn.com

Henry Shultz & Family6219 Audrain Rd 125Centralia, Missouri

www.prairielanefarm.net

Member NSIP

• Websites• Brochures• Ads• Trailer Decal designs• Banner design

We can help promote your operation.

You Name It!

Gail M. Hardy479-439-0726

gail@xpressionsonline.uswww.xpressionsonline.us

Since 1992

Round Mountain Katahdins

Selecting stock with balanced EBVs, superior Lbs Lamb Weaned and Parasite Resistance

Jim Morgan & Teresa MaurerNW Arkansas • 479-444-6075 • jlmm@earthlink.net

Performance Selection on Pasture

check out our Breeder Page at www.katahdins.org

feedstuff was initially determined by laboratory digestion trials in which that feedstuff was offered at mainte-nance levels of intake - without regard to the other components of the ration and also without regard to the effects of higher levels of intake (on fermenta-tion time, rate of passage, digestibility, etc.). So if these scores are inherently inexact, why use them at all?

Concept #2: Feedstuffs containing high levels of quickly-fermentable material like starches and sugars can profoundly change the rumen environment and its fermentation patterns, which can cause metabolic disturbances. This not only impacts the original feedstuffs but also every-thing else in the rumen.

For example, if I add molasses to a diet, I am adding a relatively large amount of soluble carbohydrates. Ru-men bacteria ferment these molecules quickly and release lots of acids, which reduces rumen pH to less than 6.0. In turn, this lower pH suppresses the population of other species of bacteria that ferment cellulose, thus reduc-ing fiber fermentation of any other

feedstuffs in the rumen that contain cellulose. This reduces the level of intake of that diet. Although this situation may not greatly affect high-grain diets containing little cellulose, it definitely affects the digestibility of forage-based diets which contains lots of cellulose. In formal nutrition classes, we routinely call this problem an Associative Effect, but in the field, a good diet formulation system should account for it.

So rather than building a diet in the traditional manner - namely by calculating the amounts of protein and energy contributed by each feedstuff, adding them up, and carefully ma-nipulating the amounts of each feed-stuff to fit into a pre-defined intake package, the Dugway Nutrient Plan identifies diets by their percentages of protein and fiber while limiting the energy levels to a target proportion. In short, this system more or less ignores levels of DMI and takes into account how feedstuffs affect rumen fermentation.

Here are the details: we are all familiar with dietary crude protein

levels - 12%, 16%, etc. - no problem there. But for dietary fiber levels, the Dugway system attempts to optimize the amount of fermentable fiber in the diet, which means calculating the amount of indigestible fiber.

Whoa! A little bit of explanation here would be nice ...

Modern laboratories report the total amount of fiber in a feedstuff as NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber). An important maxim in the Dugway system is that NDF is nutritionally composed of two parts: (1) the digest-ible (fermentable) portion, and (2) the indigestible portion. Unfortunately, the NDF number doesn’t indicate how much is digestible or indigestible.

But the Dugway system solves this problem in a practical way. Although we can’t easily analyze a feedstuff for its amount of fermentable fiber (FNDF = Fermentable NDF), we can derive this value mathematically by identifying the amount of non-ferment-able fiber (INDF = Indigestible NDF) and subtracting that number from the

from tHe feeD trougH, continueD from page 34

total. This INDF calculation is easy because we can use that old hoary standard value ofTDN listed in many reference books.

We generally equate TDN with digestibility. Look at any nutritional textbook, and it will formally define TDN as the sum of the digestible portions of protein, fat (ether extract multiplied by 2.25 to account for the extra energy in fat), crude fiber, and something called “nitrogen-free ex-tract:’ Without going into details here, let’s accept the important concept that TDN represents the digestible portion of a feedstuff.

So wouldn’t this mean that if we subtract the TDN value from 100, we would get the indigestible portion of the feed? Unfortunately, not quite. Although that number would indeed be the amount of material that comes out the back end, so to speak, some of that material is derived from the animal’s metabolic processes and not directly from the feed - waste prod-ucts like bacterial debris, digestive enzymes, gut cells sloughed off from the inside of the intestinal wall, ete.

We call this endogenous material the Metabolic Fecal Loss (MFL). This MFL can represent 10-15% of the feed, so we need to correct the TDN value for it. Let’s assume that sheep MFL is 12%, and let’s use this number as our correction factor.

Now we are ready. We calculate the amount of INDF using the formula INDF = 100 - TDN - 12. Because NDF is composed ofINDF plus FNDF, once we know INDF, we can easily derive FNDF by subtraction.

Here’s an example: fresh early bloom alfalfa with a TDN value of 60% and an NDF value of 40%. We can find these numbers in a reference table or forage report. Based on these values, this hay’s IND F is 28% (= 100 - 60 - 12) and therefore its FNDF is 12% (= 40 - 28). Thus, the fermentable fiber por-tion of this alfalfa is only 12%. Why is this important?

Well, let’s take another feedstuff: fresh mid-bloom orchardgrass with the same TDN (60%) and an NDF value of 64%. Using the same formula, we see that this orchardgrass has the same INDF level of 28% (= 100 - 60 - 12),

but its FNDF is 36%, three times higher than the alfalfa.

With such wide differences in fer-mentable fiber, these two feeds will have very different effects on rumen function, dry matter intake, and pos-sible metabolic disturbances, not to mention their responses to pelleting.

A bit complex? Yes. But now let’s relax for a bit. Next month, we’ll use these concepts to fashion diets and reach some surprising conclusions that we can use in the field.

First Published, January 2006. Au-thor’s Note. There is nothing else in rumi-nant nutrition like this Dugway System. Does this system answer all nutritional questions? Of course not. But by setting out a different intellectual framework for formulating diets, the Dugway System is a very good place to start asking questions and devising research trials. Woody Lane is a nutritionist in Roseburg, Oregon. He operates an independent consult-ing business “Lane Livestock Services” and teaches nutrition, sheep, beef cattle and forage workshops across the United States and Canada. His email address is woody@woodylane.com.

from tHe feeD trougH, continueD from page 3�

If you have a recipe that you and your family like, send it to KHSI Operations at info@katahdins.org or PO Box 778, Fayetteville, AR 72702.

We look forward to your recipes. If your recipe is based on (or copied from) a published recipe, please provide the proper credit.

Katahdin Recipe ForumEdited by Maria Dosch, Jim Morgan & Teresa Maurer

Soy & Honey Lamb MarinadeSubmitted by Babette Fief of Colorado

Adapted from a salmon marinade

Ingredients:

1/3 cup low sodium soy sauce 1/4 cup honey 1 teaspoon sesame oil 2 Tablespoons minced garlic4 lamb chops Cooking Directions:

Combine first 4 ingredients in a ziplock® bag. Zip seal bag & squish all ingredients until well blended. Add lamb chops to bag, seal, and coat well with marinade.Marinate 2-8 hours in refrigerator. Remove chops from marinade & either sear in an oiled pan or grill

Lamb ChiliSubmitted by Sherri Wigul of Mississippi

Adapted from a beef recipe whose origins are unknown

I usually double the recipe as this one does not make very much. Ancho and poblano peppers are the same thing (anchos are just dried poblanos). If using dry, place in boiling water and let them rest about 20 min-utes. Drain and place in food processor or blender and process until smooth. If using fresh, blister the skins over a flame and then peel off the skin, remove seeds, cut up and then process with a small amount of water until smooth.

Ingredients:

2 lb. lamb shoulder, cut into stew-meat size3 dried ancho or fresh poblano peppers (seeded)16 oz. pureed tomatoes and equal amounts water½ oz. chili powder1 Tb. Salt1 onion quartered2 garlic clovescheese cloth

Cooking Directions:

Brown the meat with no oil or water. You do not want it to boil, just brown. Add peppers, tomatoes, water, salt and chili powder. Wrap onions and garlic in cheesecloth and place in pot (I usually use a cast iron pot but this can be made in a slow cooker).Simmer 2-2 ½ hours. Remove onions and garlic, squeezing the juices from them.

Serve over rice or beans. Top with diced onions and sour cream.

Henry Shultz & Family

6219 Audrain Road 125 • Centralia, MO 65240 • 573-682-7127 beckyshultz@msn.com • www.prairielanefarm.net

or contact Sarah 573-819-0806 • sb.gehring@gmail.comMember

NatioNal ReseRve GRaNd ChampioN Ram "visioN"

1st Place March Ram & Junior Champion Ram

2Nd JaNuaRy Ram lamb "Rebel"

Watch for this prospective stud next year! Our yearling ewe consigned to the Midwest Stud Ram Sale is exposed to him for fall lambs.

We have sheep

consigned

SHU 3476

to the Midwest Sale and to the Expo sale. They will be sired by Rebel and a son of Centralia.

RGA 610

Excellent sheep! Several flocks have contacted our office and plan on bring superior rams and ewes to this event. Consigned Katahdins arriving for the sale need to arrive by noon on Thursday August 6th at the Indiana County Fairgrounds in Pennsylvania,

Excellent & Exciting Education! The speakers are an exciting line up. Here is the latest 2015 Expo informa-tion from the Expo organizing com-mittee, which includes KHSI members Lynn Fahrmeier, Steve Bull and Carl Ginapp, and Pennsylvania Extension agent and sheep producer, Melanie Barkley. The Pennsylvania Extension Service will be a co-host of the educa-tional sessions on Thursday evening and Friday.

The Friday sessions promise to be a great learning experience. There will be topics for all. Meeting in a different part of the country provides KHSI with an excellent opportunity

11th Annual KHSI Expo to be held in Indiana, Pennsylvania, August 6-8, 2015

Great Presentations – Great Saleto have several special speakers with new topics. Whether it is breeding management, record keeping for profit and selection, nutrition to help with sheep health, these talks will help your bottom line, improve your program and help identify superior sheep. Here are a few tidbits from each of the speakers.

Dr Keith Inskeep of West Virginia University is a leading authority on breeding in sheep reproductive biol-ogy. His research has consistently helped with practical breeding man-agement. Dr Inskeep will speak on how to successfully breed ewes out of season, how to use the “ram effect” to improve reproduction and the ef-fective use of CIDR’s. Dr Inskeep is the researcher that did the work that formed the basis for the recent FDA approval of the use of CIDR®s in sheep.

We have three speakers from Penn-sylvania. J.B. Harrold from USDA-

NRCS in Pennsylvania will speak to the topic of Innovative Grazing management. Dr Robert VanSaun, DVM, a Pennsylvania State Univer-sity nutritionist, will talk about using “Nutrition to Improve Sheep Health”. His combination of research nutrition-ist and veterinary science is a unique perspective. Also, much of the time, shepherds don’t use record keeping to their benefit. Melanie Barkley of Pennsylvania State Extension Service will speak to us about using “Record Keeping to Identify Functional Stock and Increase Profitability”. Shepherds have their perceptions as to which sheep are working, but records will help your assessment.

Dr Scott Bowdridge of West Vir-ginia University is a professor with a strong background in parasitology, immunology and sheep production. Combining these three areas offers

unique perspectivees for sheep re-search and extension. His manage-ment actions to control parasites include how shepherds can use parasite immunology to their benefits, effective use of terminal sires for Ka-tahdins and supplemental feeding to improve management of parasites. The committee also hopes that Dr Henry Zerby, Chair of the Animal Science Department at The Ohio State University will be able to travel to our meeting. Dr Zerby is an internation-ally renowned meat scientist and his ability to teach is exceptional.

Those arriving by Thursday after-noon can attend a program on NSIP at 6pm on August 6. The KHSI Expo Committee and KHSI NSIP committee will host an information session on NSIP. NSIP is the National Sheep Im-provement Program which provides EBVs (estimated breeding values) that increase accuracy of selection for the production traits of growth, milk, reproduction, muscling and parasite resistance. Instead of having PhDs talk, the committee identified some key producers that are using EBVs to

improve selection. Lynn Fahrmeier will provide the intro. Bill Shultz will talk about the impacts of switching from conformation only to conforma-tion and NSIP production records. Melanie Barkley will speak about us-ing EBVs to improve genetic selection for lambs on pasture. Melanie markets lambs straight off pasture to the east-ern light lamb market. Since using EBVs, Melanie has greatly increased profits and increased breeding stock sales. Alan Culham, a breeder from Michigan, has used EBVs for over 20 years to select for the faster growth. It could be argued by many that Alan has selected the fastest growing sheep in the world. While those selection goals may not exactly fit yours, they are good examples of how to use EBVs to change performance.

With this strong educational pro-gram, the KHSI Expo Committee feels that it will be a great learning situation for all who attend.

Oh yes, there will be Katahdin lamb on the menu for the two Friday meals at the Rustic Lodge. Registration in-formation will be mailed at the end

of June. Make sure that you reserve a hotel room by July 1. Early August is a very busy time in Indiana Pennsylva-nia as there are several weeks of Stu-dent Orientation at Indiana University in Indiana Pennsylvania.

See you there for an Expo not to be missed!

11tH annual kHsi expo, continueD from page 3�

KHSI Board of Directors approved the lowering the price to officially name a sheep from $50 per name to $25 effective April 1st. Named (chris-tened) sheep have their official name listed on the Certificate of Registra-tion. The name is carried through in the 5 generation pedigree.

KHSI Board Decreases Naming Fee Effective

April 1, 2015

Reserve Your Room for the Expo!

See information on page 10 and page 42 of this issue.

(Editor’s Note: Final regulations will be published on May 15th, 2015. These preliminary notes will help potential con-signors to make sure that their sheep meet the data requirements and get the optional weighing data if consignor chooses to submit weights.)

requIreMentS For BotH CoMMerCIaL & regIStered SHeeP

SaLeS:• Consigned sheep must be at Indi-

ana County Fairgrounds in Indi-ana, PA by 12 Noon, Thursday Aug 06, 2015.

• Sheep must be genotyped QR or RR at codon 171. Papers from genotyp-ing company must be turned in by the time that consigned sheep are checked in.

• Interstate Health Certificates are required. Certificates must include a statement from the Veterinarian that flock is free of contagious foot rot. Rams must have a B. ovis nega-tive test within 30 days of sale.

• All animals are required to have either Mandatory or Scrapie Flock Certification Program tags.

• Consigned animals must be bred and raised by consignor.

• One ram can be consigned without consigning any ewes. For each ad-ditional ram, you must consign at

Expo Sale Requirements For 2015For Commercial Ewes - Registered Rams & Ewes

Consignment Deadline is June 15, 2015least one registered ewe or one pen of commercial or registered ewes.requIreMentS For CoMMerCIaL

KataHdIn eWe SaLe:• Minimum weight of 70 pounds for

Spring Ewe Lambs• At least three-fourths Katahdin• Age Classes; Yearling (9/1/13-

8/31/14), Fall ewe lambs (9/1/14-12/31/14), Spring Ewe Lambs (Jan 1- May 31)

• Consigned as pens of 3, 4 or 5 ewes (not as individual ewes)

• Shed over 2/3 of body (ewes must not be shorn or clipped; commer-cial ewes may be tail-docked)

• Consignment Fee of $20/pen• Expo Sale Committee has the right

to reject commercial ewe sale en-tries.requIreMentS For regIStered

KataHdIn SaLe:• Registered consignments can be

individual rams, individual ewes or pens of 3, 4 or 5 ewes.

• Sale animals must not be docked or clipped and must not have C coats.

• Consigned rams must meet mini-mums for scrotal circumference (> 28 cm for ram lambs; > 32 cm for rams)

• Accurate recording of date of birth, type of birth (1-2-3-4), and type of

rearing (0-1-2-3-4 measured at 30 days of age), must be provided for each animal

• Dam production records are re-quired (number lambs born/reared for each year of production)

• All weights are optional. Birth-weights should be taken within 24 hours of birth. 60-day weight should be taken prior to weaning and done when lamb is 45-90 days of age. 120 day weights need to be taken at 91-150 days of age and at least 30 days after the 60 day weight. If submitting wts, the date at which the 60 and 120 day wt are taken needs to be recorded and submitted.

• Consignment Fee of $20 per in-dividual ram/ewe or $20/pen if consigning a pen of ewes. Classes include Rams, Ewes & Ewe pens for the following ages: Yearlings (9/1/13-8/31/14), Fall (9/1/14 - 12/31/14), Jan 1-Feb 15, Feb 15-Mar 31, April 1 and after

Contact : J im Morgan, KHSI Operations at 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org

NOTE: Final Expo Sale Regulations & Consignment Forms will be posted at the KHSI Website Calendar Page by May 15, 2015. Deadline for consigning sheep is June 15th, 2015.

has escalated. She emphasized the need for only high quality animals to be exported so as to maintain cred-ibility with Mexican sheep producers. Members present expressed support for pursuing such sales for Katahdin breeders interested in exporting.

3. Regional Associations - Two regional associations have been cre-ated in Saskatchewan and in the Midwestern United States. They were originally developed by breeders for the purpose of pooling resources for joint promotion, but such associations could be used by KHSI for regional education outreach.

Donna Watkins described the Mid-

west Katahdin Sheep Association’s development and activities noting that the group had found exhibits to be the best promotional opportunity. She also emphasized that breeders must be consistent year to year in participating in events in order to be taken seriously. She shares names of all inquiries to the association through the group’s newsletter.

4. Sales Referrals Between Breed-ers - Don Klassen asked if there is any “unwritten” precedent for paying commissions to someone referring a sale to another breeder. The discussion was inconclusive with some feeling strongly that breeders should refer

customers to other breeders with no expectations as the benefits usually come back around. Several people shared that horse breeders often offer a commission to whoever directed the purchaser to them.

5. 1994 Budget - Steve Camp re-ported that the Board had not had op-portunity yet to discuss and develop a budget that could be presented. He requested ideas for income generation for KHSI as income has been below projections for 1992 and 1993. Sug-gestions included promotional items (hats, aprons, shirts, key chains), vol-

Author’s note: Many first time mem-bers need some assistance and current members sometimes need a refresher. We receive calls every month from Katahdin raisers who need help or reminders about registering their sheep. Keep this page handy to guide your buyers through the KHSI sheep registration form.

Register/Certificate of Registration – reserved for sheep that are regis-tered (that is 100%)

Record/Certificate of Recordation – used for sheep that are given certificates at a percentage less than 100%. Recorded animals have an X in the recordation number.

Prefix – This is required to register or record a sheep. A prefix is com-posed of two or three alphabet letters unique to the flock (no num-bers). They must be requested by the member and approved by the KHSI Operations office. The prefix is required to be on the tag/tattoo of a registered animal. The prefix denotes the owner of the dam of the lamb at time of birth. Prefixes do not change with transfer. Looking at the pedigree, a person can tell which flock that each animal in the 5 generation pedigree was born in. If you don’t have a prefix and need one, contact KHSI Operations, 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org

KHSI ID – A person applying for a registration or recordation certifi-cate, assigns an ID to each sheep that consists of the approved flock specific prefix and letters and num-bers chosen by the owner. Note that with the prefix, each ID is unique.

What information do I need to reg-ister/record? – Date of birth. Birth type (single, twin, triplet, etc). Type of service (Natural, AI, Embryo Transplant). KHSI ID with prefix of sheep being registered/recorded. KHSI ID & registration # of sire and dam. Signature of owner of dam at time of lambing must be on the registration application.

Owner Number – This is assigned when the first sheep is registered or recorded in your name. Sometimes it is called a “member” number but

Complete Guide to Filling Out KHSI Registration Form

is not assigned until the person owns their first registered/record-ed Katahdin. This is an important aid because it saves registry typing time (prevents errors when they can’t read your writing) but it is not required.

Where do I obtain the forms? The fastest is to download from our website. Look on the publications/forms page. Your local library, neighbor or extension office can help if you do not have internet. On your own computer, save a printable form on your computer and print as often as you need to. Or print and make copies at your local copy place. Work order and registration applications can be mailed to you from the Registry or Operations Office. They can also be emailed.

What do I need to send to the Regis-try? You need the same informa-tion whether mailing a registration application, sending it by email (attached PDF or Spreadsheet) or filling out the web-based Applica-tion. There is no best option, just flexibility so that each producer can choose the method they prefer: postal mail, email or application on the web.

Documents needed to register by mail include: a) Work order (cover page with contact info and a summary of transactions and money owed), b) registration application page and c) payment. Payment can be a personal check, money order or use your major credit card at our Pay Pal site. Note, that there is a 5% Pay Pal charge when using a credit card.

Registration Application Informa-tion

Column 1 – Sex – E for ewe & R for Ram

Column 2 - KHSI Prefix & ID – e.g. PF 99022 is an example of a ewe born in 1999 on the foundation Katahdin farm. PF is the Piel Farm prefix.

Column 3 - Birth type – Sg, Tw, Tr, Qu or 1,2,3,4 to indicated whether born

as a single, twin, triplet or quadColumn 4 - Breeding type – Nat =

Natural service, AI = artificial in-semination, ET = embryo transfer.

Column 5 – BirthdateColumn 6 pt 1 - Sire Registration # Column 6 pt 2 - Sire ID – Prefix &

IDColumn 7 pt 1 - Dam Registration

# Column 7 pt 2 - Dam ID – Prefix &

IDColumn 8 – Transfer information.

Only use this column and form if registering and transferring at the same time. If sheep is already reg-istered, the registration application form is not needed.

Column 8, pt 1 – Date of sale, if trans-ferred

Column 8, pt 2 – Name and address of buyer

KHSI Recommends that sellers

send papers & payment for registrations and transfers to the KHSI Registry, as

a courtesy to their buyers.

Classified AdsClassified sale ads for Katahdin or Katahdin-cross sheep are free to all KHSI members in the Katahdin Hairald and at the KHSI website. For the Hairald, please limit length to 40 words. Sheep Wanted Ads can be placed for free for non-KHSI members. Classified Ad Content due July 14, 2015 to KHSI Operations Office for the Fall 2015 Hairald. Contact KHSI Operations, 479-444-8441 or info@katahdins.org.

sHeep for sale sHeep for salesHeep for sale

ALABAMASouth AL. Registered Ewe & Ram Lambs. 10 ewe lambs $425 ea or $4000 all. Sired by Warlock from Steven Bull. SFCP-Select. Lambs born Nov/Dec & Jan/Feb. 2 great QR/RR Dec rams $550 ea. raising Katahdins for 15 yrs. Joey/Rhonda Kelmer, Ric-ochet Farm, Atmore, AL. 251-229-3838 or www.ricochetfarms.com or ricochetkatahdins@yahoo.com NW AL. Registered Lambs. Natural pasture raised. Goliath & The Old Man in pedigree. Don Hartzler, Hartz Farm, Detroit, AL. 205-528-0013 or donhartzler@gmail.com Pictures avail-able. Available summer 2015, make your reservation now. Free delivery within 50 miles.

FLORIDASOUTH FL. Partial Flock Dispersal. Agriculture teachers retiring. Registered breeding rams & March ram lambs. White 2009 John Cannon ram. Black 2013 Dusty Markham - 2013 VA ram test, shown and producer of show. Ram lambs out of both sires. Kathy Nawlin, Zephyrhills FFA, Zephyrhills, FL. 352-424-2063 or zephyrhillsffa@hotmail.com

INDIANAMidwestern IN. Registered Ewes & Rams. Registered Katahdins with excellent bloodlines. Ewe & ram Lambs prices starting $150. Mature Ewes with prices from $250, Yearling Ewes with prices at $200. Package deal an option for multiple head. www.beckfamilykatahdins.webs.com Call/text. Jason Beck, Beck Family Ka-tahdins. Covington, IN. 765-585-2080 or beckfam1022@att.net

MARYLANDNORTH MD. Registered & Commer-cial Ewes & Ewe Lambs. 15 plus ewes available/varying ages (Dec/Jan born lambs, yearlings, 2/3 years). All twin-ning genetics. Pasture based manage-

ment, minimal touch selection. Prices range $200-300. Consider offers for all. Call/text, Christine Gray, 443-858-2810 or cbgray@qis.net. Clover Hill Farm, Manchester, MD.Central MD. Mature Registered RR Rams. Both born Feb 2012 out of WHK 1247. Need new genes, $300 obo. Can transport up to 90 miles one-way for a fee. Crystal at U of Maryland Farm. crystalc@umd.edu or 301-405-1298 Can send pictures and more information.

MISSOURISW MO. Registered & Commercial Ewes & Ewe Lambs & Rams. 300 head total. Show stock, registered/commercial breeding stock. All qual-ity sheep selected for prolificacy, para-site resistance & mothering ability. Kevin & Toni Beatty, Thousand Oaks Ranch, Carl Junction, MO. 417-437-4523 or ktbeatty@fastfreedom.net or www.ThousandOaksRanch.NETNW MO. Commercial Ewe & Ram Lambs. Registered sire. Large nicely framed bodies, have white and color-ful lambs. Will be a nice addition to your flock. $180-$225. Cheryl Webster, Webster Skyview Farm. Savannah, Mo (north of St Joseph) 707-592-5465 or jehd.webster@gmail.com

NEBRASKASE NE. Registered RR Lambs. Born late March, available for mid-late June. $300-$350 at weaning. White or Brown/White Pinto. Raising Katahdins since 2003. Nemaha Hill Farm at 402-217-6217 or lori.french@nemahahill.com . Lori French, Ceresco, NE (12 miles from Lincoln). www.nemahahill.com

NEW JERSEYNW NJ. Commercial & Registered Lambs. 18 March born lambs available June. Commercial $300, registered $400. All from yearling dams selected for twinning, maternal, parasite resistance, foot quality. Sire consistently produces fast growing lamb crops on pasture. Photos available. Jane Farrell, Black-Brook Farm, Layton, NJ. 973-948-0001 or merryman.jane@gmail.com

NORTH CAROLINAWest NC. Registered Proven RR Ram. White, 5 yr old ram born & raised as a triplet.. RR at codon 171. Has covered 100% of his ewes for 4 yrs. David Ackerman, DVM. Fairview Farm, Andrews, NC. 828-361-6569 or ursine52564@gmail.com.

Expo Hotel Information

At each hotel, a block of 20 rooms are currently reserved and more blocks will be opened when the first is filled. Both hotels are 0.6 miles from the Rustic Lodge, where the Expo presentations will be on Thursday 8/6 and Friday 8/7.

Comfort Inn 724-465-70001350 Indian Springs Road, Indiana PA 15701$120/night plus taxes plus tax

Hampton Inn 724-349-77001275 Indian Springs Road, Indiana PA 15701$125/night plus taxes plus tax

Don't Wait! Reserve by July 1 (you can cancel later) Hotel rooms go fast in Indiana, PA for all local college activities. Mention KHSI or Katahdin.

www.katahdins.org

NORTH DAKOTANE ND. RR/QR Registered & Com-mercial Ram/Ewe Lambs. Mar/Apr born. Thick, meaty, heavy-muscled, fast growing lambs out of good-milking, clean shedding, sound structured ewes; white & colored available. Production records available. Pictures available at www.lillehaugenfarms.com . Luke & Maynard Lillehaugen, Lillehaugen Farms, Brocket, ND. (701) 367-9018 or sheep@lillehaugenfarms.com

OKLAHMOANE OK. Proven Registered Ram. KDJ 597. Great ram. Excellent daughters. Jessee ram from Virginia has Old Man, Goliath & Pinto Ranch (VJ) genetics. Jan Chaney. C & C Lamb. Pryor, OK jan.chaney56@yahoo.com or 918-864-0979

Caney Creek Farms Katahdins

Dwayne & Kathy Kieffer4864 Smiley Rd.

Chapel Hill, TN 37034931-703-0239 • 931-580-6909

caneycreekfarm@united.net www.caneycreekfm.com

Join us on Facebook.

Caney Creek Farms Katahdins

Taking Orders for Spring 2015 LambsHLB 428 "N-Line"

TENNESSEESE TN. Registered Ewe & Ram lambs. $180-$220. Born Nov 2014 to Feb 2015. Sires are “Big Colored” boy (BHL 0193), DOC P215-12, HLB-87, JDK 230. Sea-soned ewes consistently produce twins & triplets. John 606-269-6114, Sandra: 423-441-0295. John & Sandra Coward, Round House Farm, Speedwell, TN. diamondcunl@netscape.netSE TN. Registered Yearling Ewes. 14 DNA tested quality ewes out of a Caney Creek, KDK 362 & our CED ewes. Pedigrees include JM COR, GLM, DLL & CED. lines. 5 RR/9 QR ewes. Priced $300-$350. Delivery available within 60 miles. Call/text 423-505-4274. Michael Stumpff, Cedar Creek Farm, George-town, TN. mstumpff@yahoo.com

TEXASNE Texas. Commercial Yearling Ewes & Lambs. 11 fall born ewe lambs ($2200). 10 male lambs ($1750). 16 spring ewes lambs $2800. 100% grass-fed for two decades. If not fit for a grass-fed program, they wouldn’t be here. Celeste TX Good Earth Organic Farm 903-496-2070. Paul Magedson, mail@goodearthorganicfarm.com

Classified Ads, continued

sHeep for sale sHeep for salesHeep for sale

JUBILEE FARMLaura & Doug Fortmeyer

Fairview, Kansas

30+ years experience with Katahdins785-467-8041 • jubilee@jbntelco.com

Registered & commercial breeding stockBorn on pasture, Raised on pasture

Business Card Ads in Hairald for members advertising sheep

are currently $25 B/W or $30 Color.

This ad Space could be Yours!

Visit the KHSI website

www.katahdins.orgPast issues of the Hairald & More!

Join Us at the KHSI Expo August 6-8

untary donations by members to KHSI of a percent of breeding stock sales, offering extended pedigrees from the registry, and selling appropriate farm signs through KHSI.

6. Election Of Director - Andrea Licciardello, a member of the first elected KHSI Board, was recognized as having completed his term and was re-nominated. Donna Waltkins was nominated. After a motion that the nominations be closed was approved, members present elected Donna Wat-kins to a five-year term.

7. 1994 Annual Meeting - Infor-mation was presented comparing the North American Livestock Exposition in Louisville and the American Royal Livestock Show in Kansas City as loca-tions for the annual meeting. The two are quite comparable in price, time of year, and style, though it was noted that Kansas City would have a larger number of breeders in proximity to staff an exhibit and provide animals for display and seminars. David Swee-ney moved that “we plan for the 1994 annual meeting in conjunction with the American Royal pending further investi-gation.” The motion was approved.

8. Other Business - Mark Dennis raised the idea of a gathering of prime Katahdin breeding stock from a rep-resentation of breeders throughout North America. It was suggested that he team up with another breeder or two to make it happen in 1994 if pos-sible. It was recognized that summer would be the preferable time in terms

of sheep looking their best but that coordinating such a gathering with the annual meeting has advantages as well.

9. Election Of Officers - Officers of KHSI are elected for one-year terms and must come from the elected Board of Directors. Nominations for Presi-dent were requested and Barbara Piel nominated Mike Bondy. It was moved and approved that nominations be closed, and Mike Bondy was elected President. Donna Watkins nominated Don Williams for Vice- President. It was moved and approved that nomi-nations be closed, and Don Williams was elected. David Sweeney nomi-nated Steve Camp for Secretary- Trea-surer. It was moved and approved that nominations be closed, and Steve Camp was elected.

10. Return To Discussion Of Inspection Policies - Don Williams offered the motion that “The Board of Directors determine and approve to submit unto the members for adop-tion a modification of the recording and inspection system that will ac-complish the finality of registration of Katahdin sheep upon determination of conformity with standards of the breed heretofore adopted. The motion shall be submitted to the membership for adoption and shall strive to elimi-nate the ills of delayed final registra-tion, self-inspection by owners, the absence of a suggested code of ethics for members, assure the integrity of breed standards relative to freedom

from defects, proper conformation, genetic purity and established hair coat grades.”

After a second was received, Bruce Kerr moved an amendment “to create a deadline of the January newsletter for the Board proposal to be submit-ted to the membership.” This was accepted by Don and seconded. The amendment was approved unani-mously with the understanding that members would have 30 days to re-spond from date of mailing.

The whole motion was then voted on and approved.

Charles Brown called for a mo-tion to adjourn and, there being no objection, the meeting was closed at 8:40 pm.

This note followed the minutes in Fall 1993 newsletter.

October 2 and 3 was a wonderful weekend at the Piel Farm. Everyone enjoyed meeting Barbara Piel, excellent food, New England fall foliage, and sharing ideas with other Katahdin breeders from across the continent.

Many thanks again to Barbara Piel and Charles Brown!

Many calls or emails are received each year from new owners of Katah-dins that misunderstand the process or misunderstand the advice given to them by members selling registered sheep. Some KHSI members may also have misconceptions. Many of these may seem simple to the seller, but not for someone who has never registered an animal before. In some cases our regulations differ from other registries. Below is a list of some com-mon misconceptions followed by the correct information. As a seller be sure you provide the correct information to help make the buyer’s experience positive and easy. If you are new to registering sheep, be sure to look at this list to make sure your registration

Myth Busting for New Owners of Registered Katahdins & for Those New to Transferring Registered Katahdins

goes smoothly.Myth 1 – Do I have to be a member

of KHSI to have a registered sheep trans-ferred into my name? No. The registry only needs the name(s) and address and if you have one, a farm/ranch name.

Myth 2 – Do I need an owner number to have sheep transferred into my name? No. The owner number is sometimes called member number or customer number. It is assigned when the first sheep is transferred into your name. It is not needed or required.

Myth 3 – I was told I needed a prefix before I could have a sheep transferred to my name? No. The prefix on a sheep is permanent and indicates the flock that the sheep was born to.

Myth 4 – When do I change the tags on my new sheep to my prefix? DO NOT DO THIS. The sheep would be out of com-pliance if the tag on the sheep does not match the prefix and ID of the flock of origin that is on the certificate

Myth 5 – I was told that the com-mercial Katahdins that have no registered parents can be inspected and become registered. No. We know there are many very good Katahdins without papers. A certificate of registration is a documented pedigree. There are other KHSI publications that discuss grading up a non-registered stock to fully registered stock in 3 generations. Look for the Registration, Recordation and Upgrading FAQ publication on the website or contact Operations to get a copy.

)Arise and Shine Farm, Bill & Peggy Gray, Arkansas ....................................................18Birch Creek Farms, Brad & Tracy Williams, Oklahoma ................................................11BoNus Angus Farm, Bob & Amanda Nusbaum, Wisconsin ..........................................19Brokaw Farm Katahdins, Patrick, Brenda, & Lee Brokaw, Illinois ..................................31Buckeye Acres, Ron & Carla Young, Ohio ...................................................................15Caney Creek Farms, Dwayne & Kathy Kieffer, Tennessee ............................................43CMG Katahdins, Carl & Marcia Ginapp, Iowa ............................................................20Country Oak Ranch, Mark & Sara Dennis, Louisiana ..................................................20Croftland Farm, LLC, Maralyn Fowler, Wisconsin ........................................................35David & Jane Smith Katahdins, David & Jane Smith, Indiana ......................................22Dosch Katahdins, Tom & Maria Dosch, South Dakota .......................................... 6 & 20Double Ewe Farm, Vince & Nancy Pope, Wisconsin ....................................................27Doyle Weaver Katahdins, Doyle & Judy Weaver, Missouri ...........................................10Dyer Family Katahdins, John, Judy & Scott Dyer, Indiana ................................... 10 & 23Fahrmeier Katahdins, Lynn & Donna Fahrmeier, Missouri ...........................................39Fairview Farm Katahdins, Roland & Caryn Laliberte......................................................7Goldstrike Mountain Farms, Curtis & Teresa Elliott, Ohio ............................................16Hillcrest Katahdins, Dr David & Jodi Redwine, Virginia ...............................................30Hound River Farm, Milledge & Roxanne Newton, Georgia ..........................................28Jubilee Farm, Doug & Laura Fortmeyer, Kansas .........................................................43Julian & Moore Sheep Company, Ed Julian, Ohio .......................................................18Kentucky Lake Katahdins, Paul Howard, Kentucky ......................................................34KRK Katahdins, Karen Kenagy, Oregon ......................................................................18Landreth Farm, Steve Landreth, Illinois ......................................................................34Lazy B Livestock, Howard & Lavonne Brown, Oklahoma ............................................ 13LC Ranch, Leon & Christine Gehman, Pennsylvania ....................................................34Lillehaugen Farms, Luke & Maynard Lillehaugen, North Dakota .................................25Misty Oaks Farm, Jeff & Kathy Bielek, Ohio ..................................................................7Pipestone Katahdins, Dr G.F. & Deb Kennedy, Minnesota ............................................21Pipestone Veterinary Clinic, Dr G.F. Kennedy, Minnesota ...........................................36Prairie Lane Farm, Henry & Becky Shultz, Missouri ............................................ 35 & 38Rack of Lamb Corral, Todd & Renee Bauer, Kansas .....................................................14Round Mountain Farm, Jim Morgan & Teresa Maurer, Arkansas ..................................35Sand Mounain Katahdins, Frankie & Michelle Stiefel, Alabama.....................................7Silver Maple Sheep Farm, Jay & Irma Greenstone, Virginia ..........................................5Spraberry Acres, Clifford Spraberry, Texas ....................................................................3Springlake Livestock LLC, Aaron & Sarah Scyphers .....................................................31Strelow Ranch, Sid & Julie Strelow, North Dakota .......................................................20Thousand Oaks Ranch, Kevin & Toni Beatty, Missouri ....................................................9Warm Springs Katahdins, David Maddox, Georgia .....................................................10Xpressions, Gail Hardy, Arkansas ...............................................................................35

KHSIc/o Jim Morgan & Teresa MaurerP. O. Box 778Fayetteville, AR 72702-0778479-444-8441

Thursday August 6, 2015Indiana County Fairgrounds8:00 AM – 12:00 PM Expo Sale Animal Check-in at FairgroundsHampton Inn, Indiana, PA (1275 Indian Springs Rd)5:00 – 8:00 PM Expo Registration at Hampton InnRustic Lodge, Indiana, PA (2199 Oakland Avenue)6:00 – 9:00 PM NSIP Workshop sponsored by KHSI’s NSIP Committee6:00 PM Sign-In6:30 PM Welcome & Intro to National Sheep Improvement Program – Lynn Fahrmeier7:00 PM Benefits of Transitioning to Using NSIP to help select breeding stock – Bill Shultz7:30 PM Using NSIP selected breeding stock to increase profits for production of extensive lamb,

focusing on non-traditional Mkt. – Melanie Barkley8:00 PM Using NSIP to identify superior growth and muscling in high input flocks – Alan Culham8:30 PM Discussion

Friday, August 7, 2015 Rustic Lodge, Indiana, PA (2199 Oakland Avenue)7:30 AM Registration8:45 AM Welcome – Melanie Barkley, Pennsylvania State Extension9:00 AM Management Tools that Increase Efficiency of Breeding & Lambing: Including Use of CIDRs and Ram Effect – Dr Keith Inskeep10:00 AM Application of current research in managing parasitism in your flock – Dr Scott Bowdridge11:00 AM Break11:15 AM Innovative Grazing Management – J B Harrold12:15 PM Lunch 1:00 PM Using Nutrition to Increase Flock Health – Bob VanSaun, DVM2:00 PM Selecting for Increased Muscling – Dr Henry Zerby3:00 PM Break3:15 PM Record Keeping to Identify Functional Stock and Increase Profitability – Melanie Barkley4:30 PM KHSI Annual Membership Meeting5:45 PM DinnerIndiana County Fairgrounds7:30 PM Ice Cream Social at Sale Barn, Pre-signup for Buyer’s Numbers

Saturday August 8, 2015 Indiana County Fairgrounds8:30 AM Sale Animal Display and Viewing11:30 AM 11th Annual National KHSI Sale

11th Annual Katahdin Hair Sheep International Expo & SaleAugust 6-8, 2015

Indiana County Fairgrounds & Rustic Lodge, Indiana, PA

the katahdin hairald

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