the place of europa in esa, nasa and other strategic … · 2016-09-12 · majis identify...

THEPLACEOFEUROPAINESA,NASAANDOTHERSTRATEGICDOCUMENTSANDTHEEUROPAINITIATIVE

-Astrobiologyissues

ASTROBIOLOGYLEIVMOTIV

PioneersVoyagers

Galileo

JUNOJUICEEMFM

NASAlander+JEM

EXPLORATION HABITABILITY CHARACTERIZATION SEEKSIGNSOFLIFEfollowtheorganicsà characterizetheorganics

ASTROBIOLOGYATJUICE

ASTROBIOLOGYATJUICE

Goal Objective Investigation ModelInstrument

Explorerecen

tlyac

tivezone

sCo

mpo

sition

Determinethecompositionofthenon-icematerial,especially asrelatedtohabitability

CharacterizethecompositionandchemistryofEuropa’ssurface

JANUS,PEP,MAJIS

IdentifybiologicallyessentialelementsandsearchforbiosignaturesProvideaconsistentpictureofthesurfacechemistryandseparatetherelativecontributionsofendogenicsubsurfacechemistryandexogenic magnetosphere-drivenradiolysisandsputtering

Constraintheoriginandevolutionofthevolatileinventories,andrevealinformationaboutthesourcesandsinksoftheirthinatmospheres

Liqu

idwater Searchfor

liquidwaterunderthemostactivesites

Searchforpocketsofliquidwaterintheshallowsub-surfaceofEuropa

JANUS,GALA,RIMEUnveilplaceswheretheexchangeprocessesbetween

surfaceandsubsurfaceliquidreservoirshavebeenmoreintense

Processes

Studytherecentlyactiveprocesses

Studyofatleasttwoofthemostactivesiteswithhighspatialresolutiontounveiltheirgeologyandcomposition

JANUS,MAJIS,UVS,J-MAG,RP-WI,PEP,GALA,RIME

Studyremotelyandin-situcurrentactivityonEuropa(geysers,plumesetc.)

ASTROBIOLOGYATEMFM

– IceShellandocean:Characterizetheiceshellandanysubsurfacewater,includingtheirheterogeneity,oceanproperties,andthenatureofsurface-ice-oceanexchange

– Composition:UnderstandthehabitabilityofEuropa'soceanthroughcompositionandchemistry

– Geology:Understandtheformationofsurfacefeatures,includingsitesofrecentorcurrentactivity,andcharacterizehighscienceinterest localities

Conditionsoflife,geochemicalgradients,signsoflife

EXPLOREEUROPATOINVESTIGATEITSHABITABILITY

Goal Objective Investigation ModelInstrument

ExploreEuropato

investigateitshabitability

IO.IceShellandOcean Characterizetheice

shellandanysubsurfacewater,includingtheirheterogeneity, oceanpropertiesandthenatureofsurface-ice-oceanexchange

IO.1 CharacterizethedistributionofanyshallowsubsurfacewaterandthestructureoftheicyshellEIS,REASON

IO.2 Determineoceansalinityandthickness ICEMAG,MISE,PIMS,SUDA

IO.3 Constraintheregionalandglobalthickness, heat-flow,anddynamicsoftheiceshellETHEMIS,EIS,Gravity,ICEMAG,PIMS,REASON

IO.4 Investigateprocessesgoverningmaterialexchangeamongtheocean,iceshell,surface,andatmosphere

EIS,ICEMAG;MASPEX,MISE,REASON.SUDA

C.Com

position Understandthe

habitabilityofEuropa'soceanthroughcompositionandchemistry

C.1Characterizethecompositionandchemistryofendogenicmaterialsonthesurfaceandintheatmosphere,includingpotentialplumes

EIS,UVS,ICEMAG,MASMEG,MISE,REASON,SUDA

C.2Determinetheroleoftheradiationandplasmaenvironmentincreatingandprocessingtheatmosphereandsurfacematerials

EIS,UVS,MASPEX,MISE,PIMS,Radiation,REASON,SUDA

C.3 Characterizethechemicalandcompositionalpathwaysintheocean

EIS,ICEMAG,MASPEX,SUDA,MISE

G.G

eology

Understandtheformationofsurfacefeatures,includingsitesofrecentorcurrentactivity,andcharacterizehighscienceinterestlocalities

G.1Determinesitesofmostrecentgeologicalactivity,includingpotentialplumes,andcharacterizelocalitiesofhighscienceinterestandpotentiallandingsites

ETHEMIS,EIS;UVS,MASPEX,MISE,PIMS,REASON,SUDA

G.2 Determinetheformationandthree-dimensionalcharacteristicsofmagmatic,tectonic,andimpactlandforms

EIS,REASON

G.3 Investigateprocessesoferosionanddepositionandtheireffectsonthephysicalpropertiesofthesurface

ETHEMIS,EIS,UVS,PIMS,REASON,SUDA

ASTROBIOLOGYATEMFM

NASALANDERSTUDY2012

OVERARCHINGGOALOFROWIdentifyoceanworlds,evaluatetheirhabitability,andsearchforlifeIdentifyfundamentalsciencequestionsSupportOWexplorationprogram,includingprogramstodevelopinstruments(PICASSO,MATISSE,COLDTech)

FOURTHEMES-Identifyoceanworldsinthesolarsystem-Characterizetheoceans-Characterizethehabitabilityofoceanworlds(Earthandbeyond)-Understandhowlifemightexistwithinoceanworldsandsearchforevidenceoflifewithinthem

TARGETTEAMS-Enceladus,Europa,Pluto&KBOs,Ceres&small bodies,Ganymede&Callisto,Triton,Titan,others

ROADMAPONOCEANWORLDS