the roman republic chapter 6 unit 1 notes chapter 6 unit 1 notes
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The Roman RepublicThe Roman Republic
Chapter 6 Unit 1Notes
Chapter 6 Unit 1Notes
The Roman RepublicThe Roman Republic
Main Idea: Power and Authority - The early Romans established a republic, which grew very powerful.
Why Now:Fundamental values and institutions of western civilization began in Rome
Main Idea: Power and Authority - The early Romans established a republic, which grew very powerful.
Why Now:Fundamental values and institutions of western civilization began in Rome
The Roman RepublicThe Roman Republic
Terms:Republic, patrician, plebeian, tribune, consul, senate, dictator, legion, Punic Wars, and Hannibal
Setting the Stage:Rome grew from a small city to a major empire that stretched 3500 miles east and west . It will become the most famous and influential.
Terms:Republic, patrician, plebeian, tribune, consul, senate, dictator, legion, Punic Wars, and Hannibal
Setting the Stage:Rome grew from a small city to a major empire that stretched 3500 miles east and west . It will become the most famous and influential.
Origins of RomeOrigins of Rome
753 BC by Romulus and RemusSons of the God Mars and a Latin princess
They were abandoned on the Tiber River and raised by a wolf
They decided to build a city on that spot for its strategic location and fertile soil
753 BC by Romulus and RemusSons of the God Mars and a Latin princess
They were abandoned on the Tiber River and raised by a wolf
They decided to build a city on that spot for its strategic location and fertile soil
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Origins of RomeOrigins of Rome
Rome’s Geography- Built on 7 rolling hills- Mid - location:
- It is half way down the peninsula
- And half way point of the Mediterranean Sea
Rome’s Geography- Built on 7 rolling hills- Mid - location:
- It is half way down the peninsula
- And half way point of the Mediterranean Sea
Origins of RomeOrigins of Rome
The First Romans- 3 groups migrated to Italy
- Latins- Settlement on the Palatine Hill (1st Romans)
- Greeks- Colonies along southern Italy (center of commerce)
- Etruscans- Settle in northern Italy (Rome adopted their alphabet)
The First Romans- 3 groups migrated to Italy
- Latins- Settlement on the Palatine Hill (1st Romans)
- Greeks- Colonies along southern Italy (center of commerce)
- Etruscans- Settle in northern Italy (Rome adopted their alphabet)
The Early RepublicThe Early Republic
600 BC an Etruscan became King of Rome, this is the beginning of Rome’s growthForum: heart of Roman political life
Last King of Rome, Tarquin the Proud (extremely harsh ruler)He was driven from power in 509 BC
Rome declared they would never be ruled by a King again
Established a REPUBLIC: (from Latin res public, public affairs) form of government in which power rests with the citizens (free born males) who can vote for leaders
600 BC an Etruscan became King of Rome, this is the beginning of Rome’s growthForum: heart of Roman political life
Last King of Rome, Tarquin the Proud (extremely harsh ruler)He was driven from power in 509 BC
Rome declared they would never be ruled by a King again
Established a REPUBLIC: (from Latin res public, public affairs) form of government in which power rests with the citizens (free born males) who can vote for leaders
The Early RepublicThe Early RepublicPatricians and Plebeians- Patricians were wealthy landowners (held most the power)- Inherited power and claimed ancestors gave them the right to rule
- Plebeians were commoners (farmers, artisans, merchants) who made up the majority of the population- Eventually were able to vote but not hold public office
- In time formed own assembly with elected officials called TRIBUNES: protected the rights of the plebeians
Patricians and Plebeians- Patricians were wealthy landowners (held most the power)- Inherited power and claimed ancestors gave them the right to rule
- Plebeians were commoners (farmers, artisans, merchants) who made up the majority of the population- Eventually were able to vote but not hold public office
- In time formed own assembly with elected officials called TRIBUNES: protected the rights of the plebeians
The Early RepublicThe Early Republic
The Twelve Tables- Plebeians wanted written laws so the patricians couldn’t interrupt laws to suit them- The Twelve Tables: were carved and hung in the Forum, became the foundations of Roman law-All free male citizens had the right to be protected under the law
The Twelve Tables- Plebeians wanted written laws so the patricians couldn’t interrupt laws to suit them- The Twelve Tables: were carved and hung in the Forum, became the foundations of Roman law-All free male citizens had the right to be protected under the law
The Early RepublicThe Early RepublicGovernment Under the Republic
Senatearistocrats
advise consuls
Centuriate Assemblysoldiers only
chose consuls
Tribal Assemblyordinary citizens
makes laws
Consulstwo rulers
serve 1 year
Government Under the Republic
Senatearistocrats
advise consuls
Centuriate Assemblysoldiers only
chose consuls
Tribal Assemblyordinary citizens
makes laws
Consulstwo rulers
serve 1 year
Command army
Directed government
Couldn’t be re-elected for 10 years
One couldn’t over rule the other300 members from upper class
Foreign and domestic policy
Eventually plebeians will be allowed in
SERVES FOR LIFE
Comparing Republics
ROME USA2 Consuls elected by Assembly for 1 year, chief of government and head of Army
Executive President, elected by the people for 4 years, chief of government and Army
-Senate 300 (life) head of foreign policy and financial policies, and advises Consuls- Centuriate Assembly soldiers (life) selects consuls and makes laws- Tribal Assembly citizens grouped by where they live (life) elects tribunes and make laws
Legislative -Senate 100 (6 years) make laws and advise president on foreign policy- House of Representatives 435 (2 years) make laws, originates revenues bills
Praetors, judges, 8 chosen for 1 year by Centuriate Assembly
Judicial Supreme Court, 9 justices, appointed for life by president, highest court
Twelve Tables were a list of rules that were the basis of Roman legal code
Legal Code US Constitution is the basic law of the USA
All adult landowner males Citizenship All native born or naturalized adults
Rome Spreads Its PowerRome Spreads Its Power
Rome Conquers Italy- 4th c. Rome dominated Italy (defeated Etruscans and Greeks)
- Rome treated all conquered differently:- Latins: Full citizens- Farther from Rome: all rights but no vote
- Allies of Rome: just had to supply Roman Army and they would be left alone
Rome Conquers Italy- 4th c. Rome dominated Italy (defeated Etruscans and Greeks)
- Rome treated all conquered differently:- Latins: Full citizens- Farther from Rome: all rights but no vote
- Allies of Rome: just had to supply Roman Army and they would be left aloneHELPS BUILD A STRONG AND
SUCCESSFUL EMPIRE!!!
Rome Spreads Its PowerRome Spreads Its Power
Rome’s Commercial Networks- LOCATION: merchants moved by land and sea
- Traded wine and olive oil- Large and powerful Carthage in Northern Africa, once a Phoenician colony, was rising in power and influence - STOOD IN ROMES WAY FOR DOMINANCE OF MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Rome’s Commercial Networks- LOCATION: merchants moved by land and sea
- Traded wine and olive oil- Large and powerful Carthage in Northern Africa, once a Phoenician colony, was rising in power and influence - STOOD IN ROMES WAY FOR DOMINANCE OF MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Rome Spreads Its PowerRome Spreads Its PowerWar with Carthage- Punic Wars: 264-146 BC Rome v. Carthage
- 1. Control of Sicily and W. Med.- 26 years- Carthage defeated
- 2. Hannibal: Carthaginian general assembled an Army of 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants- Wanted to surprise Rome - Almost won, then Rome regrouped
- Roman general Scipio decides to force Hannibal home by Rome going to attack Carthage
- Carthage is defeated- 3. Rome goes to Carthage and sets city on fire, sells
50,000 inhabitants into slavery - RESULTS: (1) Rome’s dominance in W. Med, (2) empire now
stretched from Spain to Anatolia=MORE CHALLENGES
War with Carthage- Punic Wars: 264-146 BC Rome v. Carthage
- 1. Control of Sicily and W. Med.- 26 years- Carthage defeated
- 2. Hannibal: Carthaginian general assembled an Army of 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants- Wanted to surprise Rome - Almost won, then Rome regrouped
- Roman general Scipio decides to force Hannibal home by Rome going to attack Carthage
- Carthage is defeated- 3. Rome goes to Carthage and sets city on fire, sells
50,000 inhabitants into slavery - RESULTS: (1) Rome’s dominance in W. Med, (2) empire now
stretched from Spain to Anatolia=MORE CHALLENGES
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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