the stomach
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The Stomach
Carl Clarkson MSc Acupuncture
www.acuphys.co.ukenquiries@acuphys.co.uk
References• Deadman et al (2007) A Manual of Acupuncture
• Hopwood (2004) Acupuncture in Physiotherapy
• Hui, K.K.S., Liu, J., Marina, O., Napadow, V., Haselgrove, C., Kwong, K.K., Kennedy, D., & Makris, N. (2005) The integrated response of the human cerebro – cerebellar and limbic systems to acupuncture stimulation at ST 36 as evidenced by fMRI
• Joos, S., Schott, C., Zou, H, Volker, D., Martin, E. (2000) Immunodmodulatory effects of Acupuncturein the treatment of Allergic asthma: A randomised control study
• Li & Lachner (2011) Glossary of Chinese Medicine
References• Macioca – The practice of Chinese Medicine /The foundations of Chinese
Medicine / Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine
• Napadow, V., Dhond, R.P., Purdon, P., Kettner, N., Makris, N., Kwong, K.K., & Hui, K.K.S (2005) Correlating Acupuncture fMRI in the human brain stem with Heart Rate variability
• Yim, Y., Lee, H., Hong, H., Kim, Y., Lee, B., Son, C., Kim, J.(2006) electro – acupuncture at acupoint St 36 reduces inflammationand regulates immune activityin collagen induced Mice
• Zhang, D., Ding, G., Shen, X., Yao, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhany, Y. & Lin, Y. (2007) Influence of mast cell function on the analgesic effect of acupuncture of "Zusanli" (ST 36) in rats
Dermatomes
• Covers• V2• S2 only dermatome
Myotomes
Upper / Middle Jiao• Face / neck
– V2 / V3 (cranial nerves)– Massetor (clench your teeth)– Orbital muscles (helps control
area around eyes)– Levator labii superious (helps to
move nose)– Buccinator (helps to move
mouth)• Trunk
– Pecs– Abdominals
Lower Jiao• Hip
– Iliopsoas / pectineus / sartorious / Rec. Fem
• Knee– Vastus lateralis / Tib. Ant
• Ankle / Foot– Extensor digitorum
Uses of ST
• Headache• Tooth / Jaw pain• Fertility• Constipation / digestive issues• Immuno enhancing• Fatigue• Ant. Hip• Knee• Ankle
Its Name!
• Stomach meridian / Channel / Primary Channel
• Stomach Channel of Foot Yangming (linked with LI)
• Wei is the organ
ResearchTo many to list!
• Brain activity– (Napadow et al. 2005, Hui et al. 2005)
• Pain relief – ? mast cell involvement– Zhang et al. (2007)
• Immunity– Yim et al. (2006)– Joos et al. (2000)
5 elements
STSP
TCM Basics
• Wei receives Qi (7am – 9am)• Yang (Fu) organ• Yang partner to Sp (Internally- externally
linked)• 6 Channel partner of LI (6 Chaio’s)
Links with other meridians
• Yin (Zang) partner– SP• YangMing - LI• SI
–Sends food to be further digested• LR– Linked by there ability to descend Qi (v.good in
combo for digestive disorders)
Its Job
Western Similarities• Thought of as a bubbling
cauldron – chamber of masteration
• Vital to eat right food
TCM• Regarded as most important
of the Fu (Yang) organs• Along with Spleen, is known
as the root of pre heaven Qi• Controls downward
movement of Qi• Sp takes essence from the
digestion • In charge of muscle bulk
How to know ST is damaged
Subjective• General Fatigue• Apetite dysfunction• Pain in epigastrium• Eating late at night (depletes fluids and
sets up disharmony throughout the system)
• Dehydrated / does not take on board fluids regularly
• Cold legs / feet• Head pain• Paralysis in the face / sudden deviation of
the mouth• Cramping of the lower leg / spasms of the
thigh
Objective• Pain on meridian• Weak muscles• Tongue coating
– Quantity– Colour– Spread
• Vomiting (rebellious Qi)/ belching / Hiccups
Stomach deficiency
Little or no coating at root or mid portion of tongue
Cracks throughout tongue, especially in centre
Point suggestions• Frontal headache
– St 8 (usually in conjunction with LI 4)– St 36
• Jaw / tooth pain (lower)– St 5 – 7– St 44
• Facial Palsy / Trigeminal Neuralgia– St 3-8– St 36
• Fertility– St 25– St 36– St 40
Point Suggestions
• Lower limb pain– St 31- 34 (hip)– St 34-36 (knee) in conjunction with SP– St 37-40(shin disorders)– St 41-44/45 (ankle / foot)
• Fatigue– St 36 ( if recent onset)– St 36, St 40 (if prolonged)
• Shoulder pain– St 38
Prevelant Points of St
• CV 12 – Front Mu of St• BL 21 – Back Shu of St• Luo Connecting Point – ST 40• Yuan (source) – St 42• Xi Cleft – ST 34– Acute epigastric pain
Antique Points
• Well – always last point / first point on meridian. Bled (not done by Physios!)
• Spring – situated on border of palmer and dorsal aspect of extremity
• Stream / river – both generally close to ankle / wrist
• Sea – usually point just distal to knee / elbow
Antique Points• Jing / Tsing (well) point
– St 45• Ying (Spring) point
– St 44• Shu (Stream) point
– St 43• Jing (river) point
– St 41• He (Sea) point
– St 36
Sea Points
• Sea of energy – St9 (CV 17, BL 10)– Typically used for lack of energy or breathlessness
• Sea of nourishment – St 30(controls distribution of Qi throughout body), St 36 (controls digestion and bowels)– Anger, loss of apetite
• Sea of Nourishment – St 37 (controls mov. Of yang towards Yin) , St 39 (controls mov. of yin towards Yang)– Tight feelings, strange bodily feelings
Classical Points
• Thirteen ghost point of Sun Si – Mao– St 6
• Returning the Yang – St 36(returns conciousness)
• Heavenly star points– St 36– St 44
• One of the original four command points – ST 36• Window of Heaven Point – St 9
Misc
• St 17 should not be needled• Chain & lock association– St 31, St 36, St 41
• St Earth meridian therefore Fire is mother, Metal is son– Mother point – St 41– Son Point – St 45
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