the sun, sunday, september jafam strong and …

1

JAFAM

Cruiser

It

on if

ii m: i: it vein:.ii.it. i! stnngth Is so great

operating in lur ownclii' would have a very

fair chain e y In a contllctwith oven though tin- - latter1'oWtr were with lightingi i'vhtr?.

i 'f oiir-i- - In the maritimeforce df the 1 Ma nil Kmplic attentionmast In' giv. n must to herships of thf "Hrst line" In other words,

Of these she has timeI mlt nml three mure building. Hut!.'. add. tion file pus. ,m s four "battlerr liters" all uf them liraml tii'.v ves-.-e- ls

of a very up to date type, whichare In effect

These battle cruisers are named theKongo, III Yel, llaruma andThey are of rn'iit size, each of themhaving a of "7,300 tons,with a of l.H'O men andoillcrrs. Hach of them is "01 feet lungand i.irnes tight huge gunsnl.d sixteen nlles. To some ex-

tent number of guns and, thkknissof armor are sncrllkcd fur tie sakeof spied: lullthe armament of these ship 1" il'dd-- t

lly suierlor to that of some of ourown though not eiti.ilto that of our newest vessils of all lug j

gun tpe.Tin lr spied Is an immense

In a tight, enabling them to cIioom theirown disi.mii and position with reter- - '

tuee to an enemy, and If required theyare capable of taking place In line ofbattle, with the most up to date battle- -

ships.All time of the

(leaving thekittle cruisers aside i are very

ships. Two of them are the hi

and Settsu at h of 21.120 tonsfei t long .mil carry-in- n

twelve 11" Inch, ten fi Inch and eight17 Inch ritles. The thild is the Ftl-St- i,

(oinm.ssioin d viry retintlv, of .ni.fiiiotons. 073 feet long and ryarmed with twelve 1 1 Inch and sixteenC Inch guns. She compares.tali the Inst of our own inw battle-- 1

ships. The time note building are tobe like lur In all lespects.

.lap. in has eight of "pre- -

types which may bo re-

garded as modern, having bten com- -pleted within the last ten years. Theseare the

Akl. ID. S0O tons;k nuth, iOn fi et. (main bat-

tery), four 11' Inch, twelve 10 Inch nnd '

Ight C inch ritles. Launched In llio.l.Satsum.i. nt, lft.370 tons;

length 1&2 feet. Main battery, four 11'

inch, twelve 1(1 Inch anil twelve 1.7 Inchnlles. launched In l'.'Oa.

Kiiraml and Ibukl. These are sisters,ai h of them IS." f t long, with n

i'.' II, HUH tons Ma.u battery,four 12 Inch, eight S Inch ami fourteen17 Inch rllles. In lf0S.

Tstikuba and Ikoma. Sister ships;ac h 111 feet long and of 13.7T.O tons

.Main battery, four 12

inch, twelve fi Inch nnd twelve 1.7 Inchrides, In r.'H.'i.

K'is'Mml and Katori. These t'-- onre rated as sisters, but the for-

mer Is sliKhtly '.arxer, with a lenirth of470 feet and n of Ul.loiitons. They were laun bul in l!il. Cichif them has a main battery of four 12

Inch, four 10 Inch and twelve fi InchTitles.

lut.nir lack to the period from 1 SOS

io l!i02 are seven battk hip-- i

ie I Wilt III, of l.l.fififi tons (lecon-nr- n.

led ,n 1!'07 after bat'li ) the Mi

STRONG

Naval Strength So Great Would HaveExcellent Chance of Defeating

Germany Sea Even LatterWere Not Fighting Allies

JAPAN'S

Germany,unoccupied

estimating

Importantly

dreadnoughts.

dreadnoughts.

Klrlshlma.

displacementcomplement

obtaining extraordinary

dreadnought,

advantage

Japanese dread-noughts alreadmentioiicil

formi-dable

il.spluum-nt- ,

powerfully

favorably

battleshipsdreadnought"

following:Displacement.

Armament

liisplaceiif

Launched

disilacement.

Launchedbat-

tleships

d.splaccnient

ndiUuonal

Adjuma.

k.isa, of 1. 200 tons (reconstructed n'tthe same date); the Ilizeii, of 12.7mtons; the Asahi and Sh.k.slnma. sisters,of l.".,2oo tons each, and the Salamiiih! Sawo. 1, itfw.se us. as. tach of Li.'aiun. These wire formidable vessels in

their day. Inr t.me and the proKiess ofnaval eonf have retidi red t'.i-- in

obsolete. Just as Is the ease with ourown Indlaim, Iowa. m i!"ii and Iv.ir.sirjte. which, though esteemed K.iutsn.' slleticll at the pel .oil of the Spiu.shwar, are llnV tv!eftatiil to the nconilline.

The Fuji, a fairly formidibl, ii.ift,of 12,3ml tons, which mounts four 12

inch and twelve fi inch ritles. Is ratedas .1 e. ist di felli e hlttiesllip and illthe sam- - category thotiuh much oldermil ilatlnK as far as ISS7 are fourbattleship wh.i h are still retai'icil onthe Japanese nival list for hunie we,Pke our own somewhat antiquated mon-itors.

Japan hn.t armored cruisersrat-i- l as tlrst ilass. Of these tho twonewest aie the Nis.sliln and ICasilda,launched In 1903. Knob of them is of7.7.'.o tons, and carried four S inch nndfourteen ii Inch nuns. The others aretin- Asm. ,.f 7 Mm -- oas. the Idsiimo nndAwati. sisters of It.vuO tolls each; theAdziinii. of '.' T,0 tons, and the YuUumo,

f 0..u tons.To these are addul three older ar- -

Last1T1I the tecent death of Casper tw 1. Mm;.iy at Ins remote

raiiih home in the hills of1:1. men lounty. Texas, there

passed away tin- - last survivor of th"Sante I'e epeilitnn, which Wentthrough one f t ,e worst ordeals thaticr lul'ell the eaily pioneers of Texas.Mr. Murray was !C. It was

ears ami that he and other mem-bers of the brave little band set out on

In- Ioiik Journey that brought to tin 111

untold siillerini? and many trawlo ex-

periences.The 1 'resident of the of

Ti xas In his mess.me to I'oiiKrcss InlSK recommended steps to assert theJiit isilli tion of Texas ou r the territoryof New Mexico, then III the possessionof the Mexnaii t!o i rnnient, and in

of 1M1, dtiritiK the ndiuinistra-tlo- n

of rresldfiit Lamar, It was deter-mined to send an expedition to NewMexico to Invite the people of thatI'eulon to Join Tex, is. i'ol. William (1.

Cooke, Dr. IE. F. lireiiham and i'ol. J.A. Navarro were appointed commis-sioners to treat with the authoritiesand people of New Mexico, while (ten.IIukIi Mi Lend was military commanderof the expedition.

Five companies of mounted infantryand one of art.llery were raised. Thesoldiers nutnhcrt 1! -- "" men and thecommissioners, merchants, tourists andservants Increased the expedition toabout 320 persons In all. No route waslaid down beforehand and It Duallydeveloped that no one In the party hadan accurate knowledKi- - of the countryto be tr.icrsid.

Aftir setting out from Ilrushy Creek,near Austin, June 20, 1M1, the partytravelled north and west. The llrazosItlver was crossed on July 11 and thenserious trouble commenced. A prairielire threatenid to envelop the partyon the nlislit of July It, The next dayafter marching all day the commandwas forced to encamp without water,both men and animals sulferlni; greatly,A fi w das later hostile Indians ap-

pealed and they continued to ham; on

Battleship Ibuki on her trial trip.

THE SUN,

AND

(

mnrcil cruisers the Asama nnd T 'klwa,'sisters, of !',7."0 tons each, nnd theI'hi.Mid.i, linn Ii smaller, of 2 1"') t' :wThere are also eleven somnd class ruis- -'

rs. mostly .int,iii.ited vi -- n 1. Two oftill in. bow iv. r. the ll.r.1'0 ,i:.,l Vihir-'i-.of u.OlU tons c vxire mip;. H i .11

j

,Iir, nr of march ever after, murdei .nirstragglers and stamped. ng utm k waeii-- 1

11T occasion offered. Then the WagonsI'i'j.iii to break down, causing frenuentdelays for repair'.

The party entered tho 'Tros Tim-bers" without a road, and speir twow.eks In a broken country, full of

ravines, which had to be hend-i- d

or the banks dui; down to enablethe wagons to cross, (in reaching No- -lands lllwr, July 20, the oxen were sof.iii-u.- il that a halt of four das wasmade.

on August 17 fifty of the bestmounted lin n were sent to s. an h fortin- lied ItUer, .mil the n malndi r movedonward as well as was practicableamong steep hills nnd b ep gullies.There was more surferlng from want ofwater, in the midst of wh.ch a largehand of Indians cut off and killed apar-- of Texans within sight of themain camp and escaped with Impunity.

It was now detetmined to divide thecommand and send forward loo choseniinn on the best horses, not to returnuntil the .settlements in New Mexicohad 1 n reached. leorge WilklnsKi ndall, the pioneer American war cor-- 1

esponileir, of whom Tun Si s gave anaccount recently, accompanied the ex-pedition. n his return irum prison hepublished a narrative of the expedition.In It lie declares that the division ofthe command was abs luti ly necessary.

The advance party set out with ascanty supply of Jerked beef and with-out road or guide. Tlu-- soon came toan immense chasm, with precipitousbanks and a small stream of water atthe bottom, Seeking a crossing, theycame upon the trails f bulfalo or In-dians, and following them eatne to aplace where a zigzag descent was found,but so steep that the hoises could onlylie got down with gioat dilllculty. Ondescending It was some time before aplace could 1m found by which an ascent

11 the other side could be made. Nextday nnother chasm was encountered.It Was Mill feet deep lllld fiUO 111 Width.A crossing was accomplished bj wind- -

SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1914.

SPEEDYV

Deck of battle cruiser Kirishima.

Japanese dreadnought Kawachi.

l!'ll. A considerable number of Huhcnii-er- s and nunboats are to be rated

nly as auxiliary craft.Iterellt eVi Ills ll.le c.'lllsi d the Fnltcd

S itis, to i.i.--t mi appn In nsivi . ve Inthe dire tion of Jap ill espee.ally in

.i w ..f tin J...S- -. I.i.li) that tin - all I

I

'1 -

Pig ways along th precipitin! s sidi s oftile .Ul.Mill.

Then a prairie 150 miles wide was-- trie k. Tr.e nu n moved slowly on, mf-(ni- g

from hunger, thirst, fatigue amiexposure.

' Still,'' says Mr. Kendall, "the on- -w.ud iiiiiveiiu nt was );i pi up, travellingday nfti r day, i ndiinnK the sharpestpangs of hunger and 111 a state of g

uncertainty even more anno) Inlihan starvation. Our chain cs wire becoming despi rate."

Then some wild plum were found nndlleVoliriil. On September In an oldMexican road was f nml and followeduntil It was nbllti rated In the pralr.e.It then became neiessnry to kill aworn ut horse for food,

Tho advance putty moved on nontiytwo days mine without food, when theJoyful sight of large llm-k- s of sheepmet their ees ami a good supply wasreceived from the Mexicans. A fuistfollowed and the arty n Juiced In thethought that their sufferings weremarly over. From this point Capt.Lewis of tile artillery, fleoige VailNess, secretary of the commissioners;Major Howard nnd Mr, Fitzgerald weresent forward to San Miguel 1:0 conferwith the authorities in regard to thereception of the expedition and deliverl'resident Lamar's proclamation re-garding Its objects. T ie shepherdsInformed the Texaiis thai; Major How-lan- d

and hl.s party, first u nt forward,were detained as prisoners at Santa I'e.

Van Ness and his party proceeded to-

ward San Miguel and were Informed byMexicans 011 the way that the expeditionwas regarded with fear and disfavor bytho people of tho counl'iy and that theywould meet with a hostile reception.Tlu-- wero treated with evident mis-trust, but not molested until theyremind tho hambu of Cuesta, nearwhero they were surrounded and cul-tured by a body of ono hundred Mexi-can coldiers.

The Mexicans were comtnandid byPlmaslo Salezar. Tho Texans wereillsnrmed and their weapons dividedamong tho Mexicans. Then Mr. Ken-dall says:

"Salezar then ordered twelve, of hismen, all armed with old muskets or carbines, to march up in front of us, Tinmovement appealed strange, mote par- -

ii iiliiiiy whin we noticed that the menl.ow paradol duectly before us andwithin three aids. Wo were pale anil

'Cully trembling with fright, but stillWi could not suspect the horrible designof their leader.

"It became loo evident thin: his Inten-tions wen- - to shoot us on the spot. Atthis Juncture an altercation ensued be-

tween Dimasio and 11 Mexican namedVigil, who contended that i;he Ti xanshad enten-- the settlements on 111 v and

eaceably and had asked to see andconvi rse with den. Armljo, Vigil pre-vail-

over tin- bloodthirsty captain,and thus our lives wire spared."

Tho prisoners, under close guard,wire then marched to San Mlginl andIhence proceeded on the road to SantaI'e In the course of the day the

IplisulloiH met 1 .0110 Mexican Hoops oiltin ir way to capture the Texans still

A11111J0, til' .Mexican (ioveruor'iliriiied the return of Ulie piImiiuts to

Sun Miguel.on reaching that place tiny winHilliiLiI In a mil ill room ami a otitic

litest intercd and told tin m thai oneof Unit- - number was t In shot 1111111

I Jlaiely. lie poinnd throui-- h a window

FIGHTERS OF THE

l'mplre mlt-'h- t take a notion to iab thofierman half of Minio.i. establishltiBtime at .air Ibow a n.i.il base whkhWieild be a slialmle menace to thel'a,tlc roast. .'c erthele-- s i dm s not..;!'.. ir th.it we are Justitied in enter-t.i.n.n- t;

any fears from that quarter.

nnd they saw .1 man vv.th his hands tiedbehind him and his yes bandaged, forcedto kneel, when lie w.i slu t in the backH a dlstanc- - of thru paces by sixMtxlenns. IL- w as shot f,.r nt temptingto escape. Ni st Summ-- l I lowland wastaken out nnd shot for having attempt-ed to escapi In order to acquaint theremainder of the Tixnns of thi hostilen ci pt'oti aw.11 iug tin 111.

on ictober '.1 the main body of Tex-ans, under fletl. Ml Lend, surlelldi ledIn the vicinity of lied Lake, and in af w days all wire Lioiight Into SanMiguel, "worn down by hunger andfatigue, pali and haggaid. and withFiarcely itioti-l- i of clothing to hidetheir nakedni 1." They weie detaltn I

until October 1". when tiny wen plac din charge of the Mixlian forces rSabzar and started for a march to thecity of Mexico.

Hut a single blanket was allowed eiuhman. The nlgiv.s wire cold and thground was their bed. The only foodfurnished them was a little bread, andoixasloually an car of haul corn. Afterpassing through Alluniiu nine 011. of themen died of exposure a al want. Sabzarcut off his to aciotint for a manmissing, threw the body Into a ditchnnd ordered the march to n commence,John McAlester, one of the prisoiii rs.declared his Inability to prod cd further.Salezar shot him vv.th his own hand, hisears were cut off and his body wasstripped and lift for the wolves.

So the march kept 011 until the bonb rof the ninety miles of arid waste knownas the Jornada del Muerto, or DeadMan's Journey, was remind. There thecommandir of the guanl untitled tinprisoners that they were to be driventhrough the ninety nub s of desert with-out sleep or fo (1 and with only as muchwater as 'lu y could carry In tin ir can-teens. .Many of the nun were withoutany such vessel. The march was com-

menced nnd a steady tramp all day wassuceecdcil by a bitter cold night. Allthe second day the weary captives tolledon. About sundown the repoit of twoguns was heard, and it was soon burnedthat a man named (loipln who had beentillable to keep Up. had I" ell shot

Battle cruiser Kongo, 27,500 tons, larger than the British lion type.

United States Much More Formidablein Sea Power Than Island Empire andOur Strength Is IncreasingMikado's

Up to Date "Battle Cruisers'7

speditioD Firom Texas Is Dead

The dancer wh.. h m.uht '..of e.,stcdb.i.-- I m r. m dly t'.e inp: ''ti ofthe I ',, 11. una I'anal.

I'p o Iiow .1 ip.m has bad ill l'lo iflc

watiis an n rw hehn nn n.n .1 foice.Il.lt, 1 . ti ucth ly snak,ni.', the situa-tion has bei 11 turni d upidc lb w n withinHie lnt few days; fir nt a week'snotice we could put 11 Iket of fish inirhips inti the westi rn oienn strong

finniKh to smnj-- the Mikado's seapower.

Is no loniter a uetion of sendinKour bnttle-hlp- s around the Horn. Theiltih aeioKs the Isthmus solves thewhole piobkui.

Japan jms-ess- n fine r.nvy, but It11 by no iiieaiiH iital in strength to ouriwn, lbckonlnc lur four new buttleraiser- - dreadnoughts, she has now

.n comm!.-slo-n only seven ships of 1

line. AW hae tin. with fourl ulidini: and thrfe more newly ordered.

The Fnitnl States pes-c-s- no ships,coi responding In type to the battleeruiseis aliiady desiribul. lint whileptepolldelal.t In respdt of lrelld- -

noiiKlits we hae nmrly tw.ie as manyUittli ships of pjeilie.ulnouuht paturnsas .N'intion owns, and fn m this time onour mar. time supeiieilty uvtr Japan

, will rapidlyI- - - fnrthfr t.. - nslilf rcd that the

.MikiKio's tUvt w. aid llnd .t extieine.y

About ila break the ni.xt mornlt.K apr.som-- liiin-- tiiilhn -- ank wn

lie was eldm-i- l to il- - . butwns tinnble to do so. A Mexunti ki.mkulout h.s brains with 'he butt of a musk-1- .

cut olf Ills ears und lef: the body to tuewolves.

At x o'cloik In the mornlne the stir-vi-o-

saw the point vvhlih was tothis fori id limit h. Shortly ait- - r

a hal; was (alieil, a lean fti.d woi 11 outox wn k.lhd. and the nun having de-

voured tin Ibsh tell upon the groundand wile soon n!fp. In the afeinoonthey wire fun ed to u.ntmui the mnnh."nine mile- - fin tier, and th- - next day along i mirth was inaib .

Soon nf er thi nistody of the prl-oti--

rs was 11 l'niiilshed by Salezar, and amarkid Improv nu n- - in their tnattnenttook plnci. The military couimat.dant.ilonzaks, to whom th-- were ibilvtrnl.expressed gnat Indignation at the con-

duit of Sakzar. and pl.ued li.m umb rattest. lie tilm aliowid the prisoners

l thru- days to ust and rtftesh tiiein- -

'nlves.W'lun mar the village of HI Gallo

f.tpt. Ilobaldo asstiniid charge of thepilsoners. Finding tlntn vvoin out andunable to continue the march on footIn- - sen; for the alcalde of the villageand Informed him that he must Provid-ian burros for the use of the prison rs.The alcalde repliul that he had not thepower to 1111 the riiuls!t.on, whereuponthe Captain said:

"I am a man of few words. I want100 Jackasses. If tiny are not her" byfi o'cloil; In the morning I will make uJackass of you; pack you with thehiavlest mnn In tin crowd and makeyou carry him to San Si bust inn."

The donkeys came and the march wasresumed, On February 2, . the mambody of the prisoin rs remind the cityof Mexico nnd were iiiariernl in theold nnd ruinous palace of San Cristobal,once the summer tesldince of the Span-ish Viceroy. Aftir a few dios thosi ofthe prisoners who wire ptonouneol litto travel were divided and contiiied inthe prNons of I'uebla. IVmtt and Santlago. Tlu-- wen le lil about a cnr nndthen rebaseii.

11

Destroyer Inadsuma.

0 ftji

dllllcult to conduit opirat on- - ,.ffI'.e .ti'1 roast. Sh Hid I lb -

11.. il base from wh.. h to o'.t ..a f

and other supplies vvi hut b ss thin I '

tiiois Hawaii b( ing ,.

fi tub d by the fiirtiU'-ol.ol- at I'.Ilatbor, which nre among the t .

In the world. The-- - furtlllcatioii,the I'anamu f'anal are. In fai t, c

g'e.ii elements of the s rategu' str.of the United States In tho Jn Ie

Ocean.Wej have eleven armored eriu-ii- - ..

the llrst class, which an- - very svift --

sels rather formidably armed, thou"l. '.no means capable of putting up a tu.haga.nst 11 luittleslup. To these must I,,

added live other cruisers rated as lli- -t

la", four of the second el.is and n

of the third elass. We have ninemonitors which, though no .miner i

gardeil us of mtii-l- i vulin- - as oMiti-iv- o

lighters mo ndmirably mlapltd for thedifi iii e of I111 burs.

Japan has llfty-sl- x destroyers. Y

have s.xty-tw- o i, hesi- - dangerouswhich are maginlieil torpislo oils,

some of them running up over l.Piutons. They have made tin; onliniryturpi do boats obsolete, being easily ableto rateh :ho-- e nio.-iU.- to craft (thinkstu superior speed) and to sink th. ntwith a shot or two from theirritb-s- .

In repert to submarines we nreof Japan. She ha only sevi-nt-- i a

built and building, whereas wu havetifty-on-

.Lilian's total tonnage of effective war-sh.p- s

of all tjpe". ii lit and build, nir702. ''.'.. ours (Including the thrudie.uliioUHh - orilered by vy

1 lep.irunent) is coiisldcrubly uv.-- r

l.iiiiii.niiii. Thus It will be si en that tl.sea powi r of the Fnlted States is muchtiion- - formidable thntiMlmt of thelsla.ul Kmpire, nnd It Is comfoiting toknow that In view of the naval pro.gramme nliculy laid out our superior-ity from this time on mum steadily andrapidly ln rease.

Fire Engine on FireIIH gasolene fin- - engines now in

the service of the ciiy ma.v bemuch si Her than the old

fashioned horse drawn engines, but tluvhave their defects. Curious acciibnnoccur to them. Firemen who haver.ddeii on both styks declare that tlu--

never know what's going to happenthe up to date engines. For Instance, th-ot-

day one of them caught tire. Thellteineii have u .t stopped talking aboutIt yet, nnd old timers declare einphat.ically that stu h an absurd thing couldn'thave happened to one of the old fash-ioned horse drawn engines.

This engine was .stationed In theiiuarters of Lngtne 31'. Hast Sixty,seventh stleet, between Third and Lex-ington avenues. It did its work allrig.it until the other night, when it wasonled to a one alarm lire near Fifty- -

ninth street,The crew- - "stretched In" for a v.

tnoky lire. Near by was Hngine s. fromHast Fifty. first street. While No 3'was standing at the pump appann-l-sonic of tin- - gasolene baked out of tit- -tank. Nobody noticed it until It wasset a tiro by a spark from Hngine V

In a moment the llanies eiimtnwn.- -

cnted to the gasolene n the engine t ink.When that supply ignited almost all th.-spectators desi ted the scene of thelire to witness the unusual spc t.u Ieof a tire engine on tire.

The plpcmon of Hngine s did tea intend to stand Idly by and vvatc th- -consuming of the engineturned a stream of water on lb.Sand was obtained from 11 ne.11Ing ami the tinmen w- regllished.