the water cycle evaporation condensation precipitation surface runoff infiltration transpiration...

THE WATER CYCLETHE WATER CYCLE

EVAPORATION

CONDENSATION

PRECIPITATION

SURFACE RUNOFF

INFILTRATION

TRANSPIRATION

Rain, Snow, Sleet, Hail

Water vapor turning to liquid

Water flowing on the surface of the land

Plants are needed

Water absorbing into the soil

Liquid changing states to a gas

Draw lines to connect the parts of the water cycle to a description of the part

The sun EVAPORATES the water from the hydrosphere. Evaporation means turning from liquid state to a gas state.

Water is now water vapor, an invisible gas

EVAPORATIONEVAPORATION

Water changing states to a gas (water vapor)

Heat is needed and speeds up the process

Greater surface area speeds up the process

Less humid air evaporates quicker

EVAPORATES QUICKLY EVAPORATES SLOWLY

Write a “Q” on the picture if you think it will evaporate quickly. Write an “S” if you think it will evaporate slowly.

Sunny Day

Cloudy DaySmall surface area

Large surface area

Dry air

Humid air

CONDENSATIONCONDENSATION

Water changing from a gas to a liquid!!!

Occurs when water vapor touches a cool surface.

Clouds form during condensation

PRECIPITATIONPRECIPITATION

RAINRAIN

PRECIPITATIONPRECIPITATION

SNOWSNOW

PRECIPITATIONPRECIPITATION

SLEETSLEET

PRECIPITATIONPRECIPITATION

HAILHAIL

SURFACE RUNOFFSURFACE RUNOFF

WHAT IS IT?Water flowing on the surface of the land

SURFACE RUNOFF IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR WHEN…SURFACE RUNOFF IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR WHEN…

Water falls on a steep slope? Water falls on a gentle slope?

STEEP SLOPE IS CORRECT!!!

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Who do you think is moving faster?The skier on the steep slope or the girl on the gentle slope?

Water on a steep slope is also moving faster. It is moving so fast is will runoff instead of absorb into the ground

SURFACE RUNOFF IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN…

SURFACE RUNOFF IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN…Urban Areas Agricultural Areas

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The correct answer is…Urban areas

WATER CANNOT ABSORB INTO CONCRETE. IT HAS TO RUNOFF.

URBAN AREAS HAVE A LOT OF CONCRETE

Surface Runoff is most likely to occur in

areas with…

Surface Runoff is most likely to occur in

areas with…Dense Vegetation Sparse Vegetation

Dense vegetation slows the water allowing it to absorb into the soil. Sparse vegetation allows the water to move more freely making surface runoff more likely.

Surface Runoff is most likely when moving over…Surface Runoff is most

likely when moving over…Less porous ground…sand More porous ground…gravel

YEAH

Porous means able to absorb fluid

Porosity—measure of the % of pore space in rock and/or soil compared to its total volume

Which one can you see more purple?

This one has more pore spaces and is called more porous.

SAND

GRAVEL

Surface Runoff is most likely to occur when

the ground is…

Surface Runoff is most likely to occur when

the ground is…saturated dry

CORRECT!!!

Surface runoff is most likely to occur during

a…

Surface runoff is most likely to occur during

a…Torrential Downpour Gentle Rain

You solved the mystery

If the rainfall is extremely intense, the surface runoff becomes a flash flood.

Permeability—the ability of fluids (commonly water and oil) to flow through a material (rock or soil)

Ice often causes the ground to be impermeable

Water cannot seep into the frozen ground

Surface Runoff is more likely to occur when the ground is frozen

INFILTRATIONINFILTRATION

Infiltration is when water absorbs into the soil by seeping into pore spaces in the soil and rock

INFILTRATIONS IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR WHEN…INFILTRATIONS IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR WHEN…

Water falls on a steep slope? Water falls on a gentle slope?

GENTLE SLOPE IS CORRECT!!!

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Who do you think is moving slower?The skier on the steep slope or the girl on the gentle slope?

Water on a gentle slope is also moving slower. It is moving so slowly it begins to absorb into the ground.

INFILTRATION IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN…INFILTRATION IS MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN…Urban Areas Agricultural Areas

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The correct answer is…Agricultural Areas

CHURNED UP SOIL IS EASY FOR WATER TO ABSORB INTO…INFILTRATION OCCURS!!!

AGRICULTURAL AREAS HAVE A LOT OF CHURNED UP SOIL

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Infiltration is most likely to occur in

areas with…

Infiltration is most likely to occur in

areas with…Dense Vegetation Sparse Vegetation

Dense vegetation slows the water allowing it to absorb into the soil…INFILTRATION!!!

Infiltration is most likely when moving over…Infiltration is most

likely when moving over…Less porous ground…sand More porous ground…gravel

YEAH

Porous means able to absorb fluid

Infiltration is most likely to occur when

the ground is…

Infiltration is most likely to occur when

the ground is…saturated dry

CORRECT!!!

Infiltration is most likely to occur during

a…

Infiltration is most likely to occur during

a…Torrential Downpour Gentle Rain

You solved the mystery

TRANSPIRATIONTranspiration is water evaporating through the leaves of plants

TRANSPIRATION

The small openings on the underside of leaves are called stomata

TRANSPIRATIONTRANSPIRATION

During the winter, the stomata get very small. Less transpiration occurs.

During the summer, the stomata get larger. More transpiration occurs