themes of biology bio- chemistry cell structure & membranes energeticshereditymolecular biology...

Themes of Biology

Bio-chemistry

Cell Structure & Membranes

Energetics Heredity Molecular Biology

Lab-pourri

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Final Jeopardy

A test run with no experimental variable

The process of maintaining a constant internal environment

is this

The common term for “differential reproductive

advantage” within a population

This is required for growth, repair, and metabolism in

heterotrophs

In a test to determine the effect of wavelength on photosynthesis,

photosynthesis is the __________ variable.

Carbon will form this many covalent bonds

The bond, caused by uneven dispersal of charges between two molecules, such as the

one that occurs between cytosine and guanine, is this

The formula C254H377N65O75S6 is most likely this organic

macromolecule

Functional group transfer of the phosphate group of this

nucleic acid is used to change the shape and functionality of

molecules like protein channels or enzymes.

Enzymes catalyze reactions by decreasing this

The process where substances move from an area of high

concentration to an area of low concentration

If a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, this will be the cellular activity first

affected

This is the organelle involved with packaging materials for

export

With a high concentration of chloride ion on the outside of

the cell and a low concentration on the inside, it will enter the

cell by this process.

This is the Theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria were once autonomous cells

before they were incorporated into eukaryotic cells

This is the location of glycolysis in cells

Energy that all organisms use for metabolism originates from

this

This is the final electron acceptor in the respiratory

electron transfer chain

This is the “waste” product of the Kreb’s cycle

This is the source of electrons for Photosystem II during the

light reactions of Photosynthesis

A typical cell in a multicellular organism spends most of its

life in the ____ stage of ___________.

This is the stage of meiosis when crossing over occurs

A test cross occurs when a parent with a dominant trait is crossed a parent with this trait

A person with type AB blood mates with a person with type

O blood will produce these phenotypes in their offspring

This is an inheritance pattern where one gene effects the

expression of another

The building block of all nucleic acids is this

This is the process by which RNA is made by

copying a DNA template

This is a section of mRNA made of 3 nucleotide bases

which will be translated into a particular amino acid

This refers to the fact that most amino acids are coded for by more

than one codon

This is the sequence of RNA found in eukaryotic hnRNA

that must be spliced out before forming “mature” mRNA.

This is the direction (in/out) that cytoplasmic water will

travel when the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution

This is the breakdown of hydrogen bonds caused by

excessive heat

A kinase receptor is one that causes a target molecule to gain a ________ group from

ATP.

As the surface-to-volume ratio increases, the rate of diffusion

____________.

If as we age, the concentration of antioxidant enzymes decreases, our ability to fight the

effects of oxidizers in our body decreases. If our body shows a 50% decrease in

concentration by age 40, should we expect to see drastic effects of oxidation according to

the figure below?

0 50 100

Concentration of enzyme (%)

Act

ivity

of e

nzym

e

Proteins

Secondary folding produces alpha helices and beta sheets.

These interactions between these two functional groups

cause this folding