thoughts on movement generation… viktor jirsa. center for complex systems & brain sciences,...

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Thoughts on movement generation…Thoughts on movement generation…

Viktor Jirsa

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Phenomena – phenomenological modeling IPhenomena – phenomenological modeling I

position x

pos

itio

n x

velo

city

y

nullclines

),(

),(

yxfy

yxgx

0

0

y

x

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

False startsFalse starts

time

posi

tion

x

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Phenomena – phenomenological modeling IIPhenomena – phenomenological modeling II

position x

pos

itio

n x

velo

city

y

separatrix

nullclines

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Phenomena – phenomenological modeling IIIPhenomena – phenomenological modeling III

position x

pos

itio

n x

velo

city

y

separatrix

nullclines

),(

),(

yxfy

yxgx

topological constraints

on 2-dim. dynamics

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Task constraints

Mathematical representationMathematical representation

position x

pos

itio

n x

velo

city

y

separatrix

nullclines

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Task conditionsTask conditions

task conditions define topology in phase space by controling the shape of the nullclines

monostablebistablerhythmic

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

ExcitatorExcitator

fixed points

Schöner (1990)Jirsa et al. (1999)Beek et al. (2001)Sternad et al. (2001)Jirsa & Kelso (2003)…

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Bifurcation diagramBifurcation diagram

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Transforms to experimental spaceTransforms to experimental space

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Bistable ExcitatorBistable Excitator

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Bistable excitatorBistable excitator

experiment theory

overshoot

overshoot: - slow dynamics- refractory

Co-existence of fixed points?

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Monostable ExcitatorMonostable Excitator

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Rhythmic ExcitatorRhythmic Excitator

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Coupled Excitators: discrete movementCoupled Excitators: discrete movement

coupling: - sigmoidal - HKB (truncated sigmoidal)

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Euclidean distance in phase spaceEuclidean distance in phase space

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Coupled Excitators: rhythmic paradigmCoupled Excitators: rhythmic paradigm

Haken, Kelso, Bunz 1984

2sin2sin ba

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

acceleration(convergence)

Coupled Excitators: discrete movementCoupled Excitators: discrete movement

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

acceleration(convergence)

Coupled Excitators: discrete movementCoupled Excitators: discrete movement

deceleration(divergence)

crucial parameter:distance of the two effectors

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Time differenceTime difference

Acceleration/deceleration time = 50ms

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Dagmar’s discrete-rhythmic interaction Dagmar’s discrete-rhythmic interaction

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

… … two trialstwo trials

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Dagmar’s for many trials….Dagmar’s for many trials….

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Phase picture for many trialsPhase picture for many trials

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Key pointsKey points

topology in phase space constrains dynamics system (fixed points, refractory regimes, …)

but: specific mathematical realizations not uniquetask conditions define topology of flow in phase

spacethreshold (separatrix) makes ‘false starts’ possiblecoupling causes convergence/divergence (special

case: rhythmic bimanual coordination)

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Physics Dept.

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