tidal power infographic
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8/9/2019 Tidal Power Infographic
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BIOTIC WATER POWER
URBAN PARK OF PALOURIOTISSA NEW ORLEANS CANAL AQUACULTURE CARBON TUNNEL ALGAE PARK WATER ECONOMIES: SALTON SEAGroundlab + Clara Oloriz Drew Adams + Fadi Masoud PORT Architecture Lateral Office
WHITNEY WATER PURIFICATION FACILITY RICE PADDY FIELDS ALGAE TECSteven Holl
ARCH 393 VICTOR POONRONALD TANG
algaenetworkhabitatpark desalinationalgaehabitat park wetland biofuelexportfloodcontrol
wetland b io fuelhabitat park parknetwork export
1:1,000,0001:20,0001:20,000 1:20,000 Salton Sea7km2 total area of algae ponds | 61,000kW2800m long tunnel | 255kW64,000m2 park | 5kW per year 1.5km2 | 9800kW per year
California, USA
New Orleans CanalLatsia municipality Brooklyn Battery Tunnel
New Orleans, USA New York City, USANicosia, Cyprus
WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY
WETLAND PARK
22’ HIGH SEAWALL
17’ HIGH LEVEE
14’ HYBRID SEAWALL
CARBON TUNNEL ALGAE PARK
TUNNEL VENTILATION TOWERSALINITY REGULATING POOL SYSTEM
POOL TYPOLOGIES
SALINE WATER
14’ HIGH LEVEE
reinforced concrete + steel
reinforced concrete + natural wetland
reinforced concrete
rammed earth
concrete piers + aquaculture paddies
reinforced concrete + algae photobioreactor
reinforced concrete fibre-reinforced polymers
salinity regulating system + additional functions
rammed earth + rubble breakers
proven technologymultiple stages of monitoring
energy and chemical intensive
complex systems take up large area
system uses natural wetland to purify wastewaterproduces biogas in first stage of purification process
no containment method for dealing with toxins
potential for groundwater contamination if done improperly
requires small area to build
relatively small amount of material
weakest levee system
little chance for interaction with water
resists more force than a seawall
cheaper and easier to maintain and repair
rammed earth requires a low slopetakes up more ground area
levee infrastructure becomes a revenue generating asset
flooding stormwater provide free high-nutrient silts
untested in storm conditions
hybrid design produces biofuel from CO2 waste
renders tunnel exhaust towers harmless
operating and retrofitting costs still speculative
requires energy to operaterequires building infrastructure in urban zones
BALTIMOREBaltimore Harbour Tunnel - 2330m
Fort McHenry Tunnel - 2200m
NEW YORK CITY - JERSEY CITYHolland Tunnel - 2600m
DETROIT - WINDSORDetroit Windsor Tunnel - 1600m
simple practical design
releases large volumes of CO2back into city
towers must be isolated from human habitation
simple practical design
releases large volumes of CO2back into city
towers must be isolated from human habitation
controlled salinity of water allows a wide range of uses
shape variety means higher construction costsrubble breakers and additional setback break up a wave’s destructive energy, allowing a lower wall
takes up even more ground area
AIR LIFT TUBULAR + GREENHOUSEheated closed loop algae farming system
system proposed in Carbon T.A.P. and Water Economies
benefits of standard air-lift with better passive
temperature controlcan be much more visually expressive
very high embodied energy cost in construction
relatively new technology - commercial infancy
technically complex system
TUBULAR RACEWAYopen loop algae farming system
low maintainence costs
low embodied energy in constructiontechnology has been around for 30+ years
affected by pH/temperature changes
CO2 from atmosphere is only 12.5% pure
only functions in warm areas
AIR LIFT TUBULARclosed loop algae farming system
can utilize waste CO2 from industrial systems
recorded CO2 purity of up to 78%system monitors and corrects pH/temperature
higher energy cost to maintain
higher embodied energy cost in construction
relatively new technology - commercial infancy
ustbe i olated from human habitation
O2
VAPOR
HEAT
FRESH H2O
Pool typologies combine
Tunnel exhaust towers transform from isolated structures to anchors of the new parks.
The new infrastructure transforms an unused site to a park in the heart of New Orleans.
The canal brings a protective, productive environment to the landscape.The visitor’s center provides opportunities for people to learn about water purification.
Terraced park allows wastewater to flow through purifying wetlands naturally.
Wetland terraces provide habitat while purifying the water.
assuming: average citizen of Cyprus produces 3L concentrated sewage per capita the urban park will source sewage from 10,000 people 200ft3 of sewage can generate 1kW
assuming: 80% of the site is used for algae production20,000 gallons of biodiesel are produced per acre annually
diesel is burned in a Caterpillar 2250kW generator
assuming: 28 pods with an acre of algae20,000 gallons of biodiesel are produced per acre annually
diesel is burned in a Caterpillar 2250kW generator
assuming: algae ponds cover 1% of the sea 20,000 gallons of biodiesel are produced per acre annually diesel is burned in a Caterpillar 2250kW generator
ir
ack break up a wave’swer wall
venue generating asset
high-nutrient silts
A 4,000 hectare paddy field holds 16,000,000m3 of water(Mekong River Commision,2010)
Algae Tec uses waste CO2 from wheat processing facilities andproduces 6,600 gallons of biofuel annually (11kW)
This 2,800 m2 water purification facility has a green roof withwetland plants arranged so that each segment of the green roofperforms the same function as the segment of the facility below it.
1 rainwater collection
2
3
4
5use
first stagetreatment plant
second stageprimary wetland
third stage
secondary wetland
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8/9/2019 Tidal Power Infographic
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KINETIC WATER POWER
ZEERKRACHT MASTERPLAN THAMES HUB SWANSEA BAY NYC TIDAL POWER DOCKS GRAND CANCUN ECO-ISLAND
RANCE TIDAL POWER STATION SIHWA LAKETIDAL POWER STATION
ROOSEVELT ISLAND TIDALENERGY PILOT PROJECT
LONDON ARRAY
OMA/AMO Foster + Partners LDA Design
ARCH 393 VICTOR POONRONALD TANG
GRO Architects Richard Castillo
solarpower
tidalpower
tidalpower
windpower
desalinationtourismparkhabitattidalpower
habitat parkhabitat windpower
tourismnetwork
1:10,000,000 1:100,000 1:100,000 1:100,000 1:100,000North Sea Thames Estuary Swansea Bay Manhattan waterfront Puerto Cancun193,000 km2 | 1,100,000kW 2200m hydropower array | 143,000kW 550m long barrage | 240,000kW 250m2 per module | 24kW per module 20,000m2 | 97,000kW
Cancun, MexicoNew York City, USASwansea, WalesLondon, EnglandNorthern Europe
ZEERKRACHT WIND FARM NETWORK
OFFSHORE WIND FARM FLOOD BARRIER
DOCK MODULE
PHOTOVOLTAICCELLS
VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES
POWER-BUOYTIDAL TURBINES
TIDAL STREAM GENERATOR + INTEGRATED SYSTEMS TIDAL BARRAGE
concrete/steel column + fibreglass blades + abandoned oil rigs
concrete/steel column + fibreglass blades reinforced concrete + steel
canopy + walkway + three 8kW turbines
concrete + steel + train rails + vehicle tunnels + utility pipes + data cables concrete + steel + pedestrian pathway
uses existing wind turbine technologylarge network increases efficiency in distribution
unclear who will finance or maintain
purely speculative design
simple scalable systemdoes not compete for land
only effective in areas with strong winds
power often needs to be transported great distances
simple mechanical system that effectively holds back surges and floods
requires moderate amounts of energy to rundoes not take advantage of possible energy generation potential
infrastructure project combines electricity, transport, communication,
and tidal power generation in single object
complex set of systems may be difficult to maintain and repair
captures energy from tide changes
if water is held in reservoir, energy can be captured all day
infrastructure can be further exploited
POWER-BUOYTIDAL TURBINES
DOcan
1 module350 LED street lamps
1750 LED street lamps
3500 LED street lamps
7000 LED street lamps
5 modules
10 modules
20 modules
REEFS
ENERGY SUPER-RING
tidalpower
networkexport floodcontrol
Modules combine to form park space and tidal pools. This self -sustaining resort aims to revital ize Cancun’s tourism industry.
Docks can be easily integrated into New York’s waterfront. Underwater structures contain desalination plants and tidal turbines.View of the lagoon wall from Swansea.
The difference in water level creates pressure, making tidal lagoons more effective.
clockwise flood rotation
counter-clockwise ebb rotation
assuming: 10,000kW tidal turbines are used assuming: same 24kW turbines as Roosevelt Island project(33.8% of North Sea)
London Array, the world’s largest offshore windfarm,covers approximately 100km2 and currently outputs 630MW in phase 1.
The second largest tidal power station in the world, LaRance has a 750m long barrage that generates 240MW.
The 12.7km tidal barrage was originally built in 1994to secure fresh water for agriculture. A 254MW tidal powerplant is now under construction.
GRO Architects were inspired by the pilot program issuedby the Federal Energy Regulatory Comission. Each testturbine generates 35kW.
This 50m2 floating home is completely powered by 25m2 ofphotovoltaic cells that generate 1.64kW peak output.
extending ecological zones
connecting existing ecological zones
BAUHAUS BARGEJurgen Huber
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