traditional balinese architecture

Traditional Balinese

Architecture

School of ArchitectureFaculty of Engineering

Udayana University

• Background• Culture• Local

• Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture• Tri Hita Karana• Manik Ring Cecupu• Tri Bhuana

• Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture• Tri Angga• Tri Mandala• Sanga Mandala• Catuspatha

Content

• References for Traditional Balinese Architecture• People• Lontar (Asta Kosala Kosali and Asta Bhumi)• Niskala (mystical essence)

• Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings• Houses• Temples• Public Facilities

• Ornaments in Traditional Balinese Buildings

Content

Culture

Background

• Historical Background• Bali Aga• Bali Mula• Livelihood• Agriculture• Farming • Community System• Relationship between people• Banjar and villages

Religious System

Background

- Panca Srada : 1. Brahma 2. Atman 3. Samsara 4. Karmaphala 5. Moksha

- Panca Yadnya : 1. Dewa

Yadnya 2. Rsi Yadnya

3. Manusa Yadnya

4. Pitra Yadnya 5. Bhuta

Yadnya

Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Manik Ring Cecupu

• A Balinese philosophy about harmonious relations between nature (provider) and human (inhabitant).

• Manik ring cecupu means the source of happiness and water of life.

Manik ring cecupu

Source of Happines

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Tri Hita Karana

Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Tri Hita Karana

• Three causes of happiness and welfare, which derives from the harmonious relations between:

• God and human (Parhyangan)• Human and human (Pawongan)• Nature and human (Palemahan)

Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Dewa Yadnya Ceremony

Architectural form

Parhyangan

Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Pawongan

Pitra, Rsi, Manusa Yadnya

Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Palemahan

Philosophies in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Tri Bhuana

Bhur

Bhuwah

Swah

Atmosfer

Litosfer

Hidrosfer

Utama Angga

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Madhya Angga

Nista Angga

Tri Angga

Tri Angga

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Tri Mandala

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Utama Mandal

a

MadyaMandala

Nista Mandala

Tri Mandala

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Nista Mandala Madya Mandala

Utama Mandala

Sanga Mandala

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

U

M

N

N M U

UN UM UU

MN MM MU

NN NM NU

N

Sanga Mandala

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Sanga Mandala

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Catuspatha

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Catuspatha is the concept of empty space in the middle of the intersection between cosmological orientation (kaja-kelod) and ritual values (kangin-kauh) in the Balinese space allocation.

Meaning of the orientation and alternatives for Puri placements

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Catuspatha in Puri Agung Denpasar

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Catuspatha in Puri Agung Tabanan

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

Catuspatha in Puri Agung Bangli

Concepts in Traditional Balinese Architecture

• People (Undagi and Sulinggih)

• Lontar (Asta Kosala Kosali and Asta Bumi)

• Niskala (Mystical Essence)

References for Traditional Balinese Architecture

Traditional Balinese House

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Temples

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Pura Kahyangan Tiga, are three holy temples that are found in every village

Consists of Pura Desa, Pura Puseh and Pura Dalem

Temples (Pura Desa)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

• Holy temple to worship Brahma, the God of all creation

• Located in the middle of a villageJeroan

Jaba Tengah

Jaba Sisi

Temples (Pura Desa)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Jeroan

Gedong Agung Saka Pat

Temples (Pura Desa)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Jaba Tengah

Bale Agung

Temples (Pura Desa)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Jaba Sisi

Wantilan

Temples (Pura Puseh)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

• Holy temple to worship Wisnu, the God of care taker

• Located in the middle of the village next to Pura Desa

Temples (Pura Puseh)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Jeroan

Padmasari dan Gedong Simpen

Temples (Pura Puseh)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Jaba Tengah

Bale Kulkul

Temples (Pura Dalem)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

• A holy temple to worship Siwa, the God of Destruction

•Located in the outer range of a village, near a cemetery

Temples (Pura Dalem)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Jeroan

Bale Gong dan Gedong

Temples (Pura Dalem)

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Wantilan

Public Facilities

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Bale KulkulIs a place to hang a kulkul, as a traditional mean of communication

The Kulkul is placed up high so that it will be easy to be heard and for safety considerations

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

Roof and Bale (Svah Loka)

Sari (Svah Loka)

Batur (Bwah Loka)

Tepas (Bhur Loka)

Public Facilities

Types of Traditional Balinese Buildings

WantilanIs a public place for the community to hold meetings and socialize

It is also a place for ceremonial needs such as Tabuh Rah.

Traditional Balinese Architecture is a reflection of the beauty of man and it’s nature that is realized in to physical forms (ornaments),

The natural components that are transformed into building ornaments are flora, fauna and religious values and beliefs.

Ornaments in Traditional Balinese Buildings

Flora

Ornaments in Traditional Balinese Buildings

• Keketusan • Kekarangan • Pepatran

Patra Sari

Patra Wangga