types of cells hprokaryotic- no nucleus. simple cells. found in bacteria heukaryotic- nucleus....
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Types of Cells
Prokaryotic- no nucleus. Simple cells. Found in bacteria
Eukaryotic- nucleus. Complex cells. Found in animals, plants
Cell Organelles- parts
The nucleus is the storehouse for DNA and controller of the cell.
The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane (envelope)
DNA makes up chromosomes, which carry the genetic code for a cell.
Nucleus
Cell (plasma) Membrane
Surrounds the cell, like the “skin” of the cell.
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support for the cell.
Cell (plasma) membrane
Ribosome
Creates and Assembles small protein parts
Located on the surface of the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum or free floating.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of tubes that assembles and transport materials.
The ER is made up of rough and smooth regions
“Highways”
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
This is Rough Endoplasmic
reticulum. Notice the ribosomes!
• Rough ER = with ribosome • Transports proteins
Golgi Apparatus (Bodies/complex)
The Golgi is in charge of secretion of chemicals.
1) Substances arrive there and are changed
2) Then they are repackaged and sent other places in the cell.
3) Sometimes substances are sent out of the cell.
Lysosomes
cells' garbage disposal system
contain enzymes that break apart nearly all cell molecules.
digest worn out cell parts
If the lysosome breaks, it can destroy the cell!
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are the energy production centers of the cell.
Mitochondria convert glucose and O2 into energy.
“powerhouse”
Many found in muscle cells.
Vacuoles
The vacuole is a fluid filled organelle that stores amino acids, sugars, water and wastes.
Much larger in plants.
Plant vacuole
Animal vacuole
Typical Plant Cell
Golgi body
chloroplast
mitochondria cell wall
plasma membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
central vacuole
Cell Wall
Plant cells are also surrounded by a cell wall, in addition to a plasma membrane.
The cell wall is a tough layer that supports a cell and gives it shape.
Cell wall
Cell membrane
ChloroplastThe chloroplast is a special organelle necessary to
carry out photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment.
They belong to a group of organelles called “Plastids”. They are involved in the synthesis and storage of food products.
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