underground construction presentation
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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCHFORUM
March 2006
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCHFORUM
March 2006
A State-of-the-Art of
Underground ConstructionIn Urban Areas
A State-of-the-Art of
Underground ConstructionIn Urban Areas
Nasri Munfah PEVice President
Tunneling Practice Leader Parsons Brinckerhoff
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Underground ConstructionUnderground Construction
TransitRailHighwaysWater ConveyanceUtilitiesPower
MiningSpecial Projects
TransitRailHighwaysWater ConveyanceUtilitiesPower
MiningSpecial Projects
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Construction TechniquesConstruction TechniquesCut and Cover Hard Rock TunnelsSoft Ground TunnelsTunnel Boring MachinesSequential Excavation or New Austrian TunnelingMethodBox JackingImmersed and Floating TunnelsGround ImprovementMicro TunnelingShaft Construction
Cut and Cover Hard Rock TunnelsSoft Ground TunnelsTunnel Boring MachinesSequential Excavation or New Austrian TunnelingMethodBox JackingImmersed and Floating TunnelsGround ImprovementMicro TunnelingShaft Construction
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Initial Segment of NYC SubwayInitial Segment of NYC Subway
. . . byGen. William B. Parsons –US Army Corps of Engineers
Union Square, New York City, ci rca 1904 .
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Cut and Cover Cut and Cover
LA MetroShot Tower Station Baltimore
Internal Bracing and Decking
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…Cut and Cover …Cut and Cover
63rd
Street Connection Project - NY
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… Cut and Cover Impacts Daily Life… Cut and Cover Impacts Daily Life
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…Rock Tunnels…Rock Tunnels
63 rd Street SubwayLine – New York
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RoadheadersRoadheaders
Montreal Metro
ESA Project – New York
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Soft Ground TunnelsSoft Ground Tunnels
Slurry TBMEarth Pressure Balance TBM (EPB)
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….Earth Pressure Balance TBM….Earth Pressure Balance TBM
Los Angles MTA Eastside Extension EPB TBM
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….Earth Pressure Balance TBM….Earth Pressure Balance TBM
Singapore Deep Tunnel – 7.2 m
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Commenced Tunneling Apr 01Completed Tunneling Dec 02
Contract T03
Tunnel Length5150m (16900 ft)TBM Diameter7.2m (23.7 ft)Record progressIn a month536 m or 1658 ft
… Singapore Deep TunnelSeven TBMsSimultaneously 4.4 to 7.2 m
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…EPB Binocular TBM…EPB Binocular TBM
Shanghai Metro
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Slurry TBMSlurry TBM
Shanghai Highway Tunnel – 13.2 m
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…Slurry TBM…Slurry TBM
Cairo Metro (9.4 m)
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…Slurry TBM
West and East Sides CSO Tunnel, Portlan
…Slurry TBM
West and East Sides CSO Tunnel, Portlan
West Side Tunnel
• 2003 - Present• 5,500 m (18,000 ft) long• Two drives• 4.9 m excavated d iameter • 5 shafts (12 to 16 m dia)• Crosses 6 major br idges
East Side Tunnel
• Start 2006• 8800 m (29000 ft)• 6.7 m diameter 22 ft
C l a y
S t r e e
t S h a
f t
A n
k e y
S h a
f t
U p s
h u r
S h a
f t
N i c o
l a i S h a
f t
C o n
f l u e n
t S h a
f t
Clark (Southbound) Lewis
(Northbound)
W i l l a m e t t
e R i v e r
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… Scenes from the PortlandWestside CSO Project… Scenes from the PortlandWestside CSO Project
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Tunnel Linings – State-of-the-Art inPrecast SegmentsTunnel Linings – State-of-the-Art inPrecast Segments
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New Austrian Tunneling MethodNew Austrian Tunneling Method
Caldecott HighwayTunnel San Francisco
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… NATM – Beacon Hill Station - Seattle… NATM – Beacon Hill Station - Seattle
Beacon Hill Station - Seattle
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Vienna Metro Section U2/3
U2 U 1 1
R u n n i n g T u n n e l s L = 2 x 3 5 0 m
S t a t i o n
R u n n i n g T u n n e l s L = 2 x 1 0 0 m
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Pre-Support Measures
SpilesSteel Sheets
Grouting
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Cavern ConstructionCavern Construction
Parramatta Line - Sydney
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… Macquarie Park Station… Macquarie Park Station
• Concourse and platform caverns• Platform cavern 210m L x 20m W x 18 m H
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… Cavern Construction… Cavern Construction
Weehawken Station HBLRT
Peachtree Station - Atlanta
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Final Liner Final Liner
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Shaft ConstructionShaft Construction
Secant Piles Shaft
Slurry Wall Shaft
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…Shaft Construction…Shaft Construction
Segmental Shaft Boring MachineRaise-Bore
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Immersed Tube TunnelsImmersed Tube Tunnels
Ted William Tunnel - Boston
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…Immersed Tube Tunnels…Immersed Tube Tunnels
Fort Point Channel Tunnel - Boston
Bosporus Crossing
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Tunnel JackingTunnel Jacking
Central Artery Under South Station -Boston
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Ground ImprovementGround ImprovementJet GroutingPermeation GroutingChemical GroutingDeep Soil MixingFreezing
Jet GroutingPermeation GroutingChemical GroutingDeep Soil MixingFreezing
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Tunnel SystemsTunnel Systems• Railroad Systems ( tracks, signals, power,
communications, Control, etc…)• Highway Systems (traffic control, signs, power,
communications, etc…)
• Tunnel Ventilation / Environmental Control Systems• Tunnel Fire Life Safety• Tunnel Lighting and Power • Drainage• Control Centers• Safety and Security
• Railroad Systems ( tracks, signals, power,
communications, Control, etc…)• Highway Systems (traffic control, signs, power,
communications, etc…)
• Tunnel Ventilation / Environmental Control Systems• Tunnel Fire Life Safety• Tunnel Lighting and Power • Drainage• Control Centers• Safety and Security
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Environmental Performance CriteriaEnvironmental Performance Criteria
Normal Operations – Temperatures
(summer, winter)
– Pressure Transients(On Board, Way Side)
– Air Velocities
Emergency Situations – Back-layering – Critical Velocity – People Evacuation
Numerical Modeling – SES, CFD, Simulex, etc..
Memorial Tunnel Fire TestProgram
Normal Operations – Temperatures
(summer, winter)
– Pressure Transients(On Board, Way Side)
– Air Velocities
Emergency Situations – Back-layering – Critical Velocity – People Evacuation
Numerical Modeling – SES, CFD, Simulex, etc..
Memorial Tunnel Fire TestProgram
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Push-Pull VentilationPush-Pull Ventilation
Amtrak North River TunnelVenti lation Shaft
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Ventilation Environmental ControlSystemVentilation Environmental ControlSystem
Station Exhaust
Platform Screen Doors
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Design of Tunnels for Extreme EventsDesign of Tunnels for Extreme Events
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What’s Next….What’s Next….
The Monster….
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Multi Micro Shield (MMS)Multi Micro Shield (MMS)
27 m x 24 m Rectangular Tunnel
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If You Can Dream It, You Can Build It….If You Can Dream It, You Can Build It….
Battery locomotion Erector
Sequence of installation
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One Final Thought…..One Final Thought…..Technologies do not build tunnels…People do!
Thank You!
Technologies do not build tunnels…People do!
Thank You!Thank You!
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