unfamiliar texts year 10

Language techniquesLanguage techniquesVISUAL

WRITTEN

HyperboleHyperbole WrittenWritten

A deliberate exaggeration used for humorous effect or to emphasise a feeling. E.g. I could eat a horse (I am really hungry).

MetaphorMetaphor WrittenWritten

A form of comparison. Instead of ‘like ’or ‘as’’, a metaphor says two things are the same.

E.g. Her little piggy eyes stared at me.E.g. His spindly spider legs ran very fast.

Colloquial LanguageColloquial Language Written - advertisementsWritten - advertisements

Relaxed and informal language that is used in common conversation. It is used by a writer to give a passage a local flavour e.g. Buzz off!

PronounPronounWritten - advertisementsWritten - advertisements

A word that may be used instead of a noun. Writers use this to save repeating a person’s name. Most often it is used to make the reader feel involved in the passage, as though the writer is talking directly to him or her.

AlliterationAlliteration Written – advertisements, poemsWritten – advertisements, poems

The repetition of consonant sounds, usually at the start of a word. Writers use this for several reasons: it helps draw our attention to a line in a poem or passage, or a particular image, and it can slow down our reading or speed up the words in order to create atmosphere. The last reason is that it makes headlines etc easier to remember.

AlliterationAlliteration

AssonanceAssonance Written – poetry, advertisingWritten – poetry, advertising

The deliberate repetition of the same vowel sound followed by a different consonant sound. This may create a musical effect or highlight imagery.

E.g. He climbed high, singing wildly

Rhetorical QuestionRhetorical Question

A question that is designed to make a vivid suggestion rather than demand an answer. The speaker is inviting the agreement or argument of the audience. These are used to involve the audience and make them consider the idea or proposal.

SimileSimile Written – poetry, advertisementsWritten – poetry, advertisements

A phrase that compares two things using ‘like’ or ‘as’ E.g. She’s as sneaky as a mouse.E.g. He is like a pig when he eats.

PersonificationPersonificationWritten – poetry, advertising, proseWritten – poetry, advertising, prose

When a non-living thing is given living characteristics

Minor sentenceMinor sentence Written – prose, advertisingWritten – prose, advertising

A sentence without a completed verb that is often used for emphasis. They are commonly used in advertising as they -give fast-paced, less formal tone.

OnomatopoeiaOnomatopoeia Written – poetry, prose, advertisingWritten – poetry, prose, advertising

When the sound of the word imitates or suggests the meaning or noise of the action described. Writers use sound words to help make the reader experience what is happening by recalling the sound that something makes and thereby improving the reader’s ability to understand what is being described.

RepetitionRepetitionWritten – advertising, poetryWritten – advertising, poetry

Where words and/ or phrases are repeated for emphasis or special effect. To keep an idea or image in one’s mind. e.g. It was cold that night, very, very cold.

AdvertisingAdvertising

The method that businesses and companies use to promote their goods and services, in order to increase sales

Slogan Slogan Visual - advertisementsVisual - advertisements

A distinctive phrase that is linked to a productE.g. ‘Subway Eat Fresh’ - Subway ‘Maybe it’s Maybelline’ – Maybelline ‘Just do it’ – Nike

LOGO

SLOGAN

Persuasive language Persuasive language Written – advertisingWritten – advertising

Any language that triggers an emotional response in, or attempts to change the attitudes of a viewer, reader or listener

E.g. “You need this new state of the art stereo system to complete your life!”

CopyCopy

Text written for an advertisement or other publication

COPY

AdjectiveAdjective

A describing word that tells us more about the noun; tells us what kind, what colour, how many or which one.

AdverbAdverb

Describing word that adds to the verb; tells us how, when, where or why a thing is done.

E.g. Often ends in ‘ly’ – not always

Target Audience Target Audience Visual - advertisingVisual - advertising

Specific audience that advertisers are hoping to reach

Layout Layout Visual – posters, advertising, brochures, web pagesVisual – posters, advertising, brochures, web pages

The arrangement of text and images on a printed page

Logo Logo Visual – advertising, postersVisual – advertising, posters

A symbol chosen to represent a person or company

Symbol Symbol Visual – posters, advertisements, brochuresVisual – posters, advertisements, brochures

A picture or diagram used to represent something else, or to evoke certain imagery.

Primary Purpose Primary Purpose

The reason for the advertisement

Imperatives –Imperatives –Written - advertisementsWritten - advertisements

This is an order or a command often used in advertising

Buy now!Call now!

Pun Pun Written - advertisementsWritten - advertisements

This is a play on wordsE.g. An advertisement for a watch may have the

heading “Keeping watch over you” – They are playing with the word ‘watch’.

Jargon Jargon Written - advertisingWritten - advertising

This is a specialised language used for products that make them sound superior

E.g. Garnier Fructis combines Fructose, Vitamins B3, B6 and Fruit Acids