unit 2 sensitivity and coordination gonzalo alfonso alberto and manuel s

UNIT 2: SENSITIVITY AND UNIT 2: SENSITIVITY AND COORDINATIONCOORDINATION

By Gonzalo Barceló, Alfonso Cocho, Alberto By Gonzalo Barceló, Alfonso Cocho, Alberto Fernández y J. Manuel GarcíaFernández y J. Manuel García

INDEX1. Stimulus and response2. The senses

2.1. Sight2.2. Smell2.3. Hearing2.4. Touch2.5. Taste

3. The nervous system4. Type of movements5. The skeletal system6. The muscular system

1. STIMULUS AND RESPONSE

A stimulus is anything you see, hear, touch smell or taste. There are two types: Internal stimuli External stimuli

The body has two receptors: Internal receptors External receptors

A response is the body´s answer to a stimulus. There are two types: Muscular responses Glandular responses

2. THE SENSES

2. THE SENSES

2.1. SightThe eye is the organ of sight

2. THE SENSES

2.2. SmellThe nose is the organ of smell

2. THE SENSES

2.3. HearingThe ear is the organ of hearing

2. THE SENSES

2.4. TouchThe skin is the organ of touch

2. THE SENSES

2.5. TasteThe tongue is the organ of taste

3. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system is made up of nerve centres and nerves The central nervous system is formed by nerve centres that

interpret the information and develop responses. It has two parts: Brain Spinal cord

The peripheral nervous system is made up by nerves that transmite information. It is made up of: Sensory nerves Motor nerves

4. TYPE OF MOVEMENTS

Voluntary movements: the brain produces a response

Involuntary movements: the spinal cord produces a response. The sensory nerves transmit information about involuntary movements to the spinal cord; and it produces a very fast response and transmits it to the muscles

5. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM The skeleton is made up of all the bones in the body:

Head bones: skull bones and facial bones Trunk bones: spine and ribe cage Limb bones: upper limb bones and lower limb bones

6. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

The musculature is the set of muscles in the body:

Head muscles: masseter, buccinatur and orbicular

Trunk muscles: sternocleidomastoid, abdominal, pectoral, intercostal, trapezius and dorsal

Limb muscles: biceps, triceps, deltoid in the upper limbs; and quadriceps, gluteus, tibial and calf muscles in the lower limbs