unit 9. section a warming up light bulb when were they invented?

Unit 9

Section A

Warming up

light bulblight bulb

When were they invented?When were they invented?

watch watch

microwave ovenmicrowave oven

alarm clock alarm clock

Listening (1b: P68)Listening (1b: P68)

1876年

1885年

1927年

1971年

1976年

Sample dialogues:

A: When was the telephone invented?

B: I think it was invented in 1876.

A: When was the car invented?

B: I think it was invented in 1930. I

think it was invented after the

telephone.

Sample dialogues:

A: When was the telephone invented?

B: I think it was invented in 1876.

A: When was the car invented?

B: I think it was invented in 1930. I

think it was invented after the

telephone.

Pairwork (1c:P68)Pairwork (1c:P68)

C: I don’t think so. I think it was

invented in 1873, so it was invented

before the telephone.

C: I don’t think so. I think it was

invented in 1873, so it was invented

before the telephone.

D: I don’t agree. I think it was invented

in 1885 and it was invented after the

telephone.

D: I don’t agree. I think it was invented

in 1885 and it was invented after the

telephone.

Listening (2a, 2b: P69)

3 1 2

scooping really cold

ice cream

scooping really cold

ice cream

shoes with adjustable heelsshoes with adjustable heels Jayce

Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth

Jayce

Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth changing

the style of the shoes

changing

the style of the shoes

battery-operated snakers battery-operated snakers Julie

Thompson

Julie

Thompson seeing in the darkseeing in the dark

heated ice cream scoop heated ice cream scoop

LanmonLanmon

ChelseaChelsea

Oral Practice (2c: P69)Oral Practice (2c: P69)

Sentence pattern:

What is it / are they used for?

Who was it / were they invented by?

It is / They are used for ...

It was / They were invented by ...

Sentence pattern:

What is it / are they used for?

Who was it / were they invented by?

It is / They are used for ...

It was / They were invented by ...

Sample dialogues:

A: What is this?

B: This is a heated ice cream scoop.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for scooping really cold ice

cream.

A: Who was it invented by?

B: It was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.

Grammar Focus (P69)Grammar Focus (P69)

The passive voice 被动语态 在被动语态的句子中 , 谓语部分

的结构是 be + 过去分词。被动语态的句子的时态变化反映在 be 动词上。也就是说 , 把一个句子做成被

动语态的句子 , 只需要写出 be 动词 的所需时态 , 再加上所给动词

The passive voice 被动语态 在被动语态的句子中 , 谓语部分

的结构是 be + 过去分词。被动语态的句子的时态变化反映在 be 动词上。也就是说 , 把一个句子做成被

动语态的句子 , 只需要写出 be 动词 的所需时态 , 再加上所给动词

的过去分词就行了。当然 , 这只是指谓语部分而言。我们知道 , be 动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词 (being) 和过去分词 (been) 。那么 , 下面我们来看看 be 在各种时态中的变化形式：

的过去分词就行了。当然 , 这只是指谓语部分而言。我们知道 , be 动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词 (being) 和过去分词 (been) 。那么 , 下面我们来看看 be 在各种时态中的变化形式：

一般现在时 am / is / are

一般过去时 was / were

一般将来时 shall / will + be

过去将来时 would / should + be

现在进行时 am / is / are + being

过去进行时 was / were + being

现在完成时 have / has + been

过去完成时 had + been

一般现在时 am / is / are

一般过去时 was / were

一般将来时 shall / will + be

过去将来时 would / should + be

现在进行时 am / is / are + being

过去进行时 was / were + being

现在完成时 have / has + been

过去完成时 had + been

1. 世界上许多国家都讲英文。 English is spoken in many countries

all over the world . 　　 　2. 纸是中国发明的。 Paper was invented in China.

3. 这栋大楼是去年建造的。 The building was built last year.

1. 世界上许多国家都讲英文。 English is spoken in many countries

all over the world . 　　 　2. 纸是中国发明的。 Paper was invented in China.

3. 这栋大楼是去年建造的。 The building was built last year.

Make sentencesMake sentences

4. 他父亲不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。 He won’t be allowed, by his father,

to marry Mary.

5. 他们结束训练时将被派往部队。

They would be sent to the army

when they finished the training. 　

4. 他父亲不会让他娶玛丽为妻的。 He won’t be allowed, by his father,

to marry Mary.

5. 他们结束训练时将被派往部队。

They would be sent to the army

when they finished the training. 　6. 这个计划正在执行中。 The project is being carried out.

6. 这个计划正在执行中。 The project is being carried out.

　 8. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 This novel has been translated into

several languages.

7. 那时这案子正在调查中。 The case was being investigated then.

9. 他们说生产成本已经下降了。 They said that production costs h

ad been reduced.

9. 他们说生产成本已经下降了。 They said that production costs h

ad been reduced.

Pairwork (3a:P70)

Helpful inventions: vacuum cleaner,

soundproof door and window, car,

computer, fax machine

Annoying inventions: air-conditioner,

truck, telephone, junk food, ice cream

Helpful inventions: vacuum cleaner,

soundproof door and window, car,

computer, fax machine

Annoying inventions: air-conditioner,

truck, telephone, junk food, ice cream

Sentence pattern:

What is this in the picture?

What is it used for?

Do you think it is helpful / annoying?

Sentence pattern:

What is this in the picture?

What is it used for?

Do you think it is helpful / annoying?

Dialogue 1:

A: What is this?

Dialogue 1:

A: What is this?

B: It is an alarm clock.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for waking people up in

the morning.

A: Do you think it is annoying?

B: Sometimes, when I want to go on

sleep.

B: It is an alarm clock.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for waking people up in

the morning.

A: Do you think it is annoying?

B: Sometimes, when I want to go on

sleep.

Dialogue 2:

A: What is this?

Dialogue 2:

A: What is this?

B: It is a light bulb.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for giving light.

A: Do you think it is helpful?

B: Yes, I think so. Because I always do

homework and read books in the

evening by its light.

B: It is a light bulb.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for giving light.

A: Do you think it is helpful?

B: Yes, I think so. Because I always do

homework and read books in the

evening by its light.

Dialogue 3:

A: What is this?

Dialogue 3:

A: What is this?

B: It is a microwave oven.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for heating cold food and

cooking meals.

A: Do you think it is helpful?

B: It is a microwave oven.

A: What is it used for?

B: It is used for heating cold food and

cooking meals.

A: Do you think it is helpful?

B: Yes, I think so. Because my parents

are very busy and I can use it to

cook meals by myself.

B: Yes, I think so. Because my parents

are very busy and I can use it to

cook meals by myself.

Dialogue 1:

A: What do you think

is the most helpful

invention?

B: I think the most

helpful invention is

the vacuum cleaner.

Pairwork (4:P70)Pairwork (4:P70)

A: Why is that?

B: Well, it can help me clean the floor

when mother asks me to do the

cleaning.

Dialogue 2:

A: What do you think is the most

annoying invention?

B: I think the most annoying invention

is the air-conditioner.

A: Why is that?

B: Well, I feel uncomfortable in the

room with an air-conditioner.

A: What do you think are the most

annoying or helpful inventions?

B: I think the truck is the most annoying

invention and the soundproof door

and window is the most helpful

invention.

Dialogue 3:

soundproof door

and window

A: Why is that?

B: The trucks always make noises and

people can’t sleep well. If they have

the soundproof door and window,

people needn’t worry about the noises

anymore.

Groupwork (4: P70)Groupwork (4: P70)

What would you do if you are alone on a tiny island?

What would you do if you are alone on a tiny island?

A: I’d like to have some matches

because I could light a fire to keep

warm.

B: Yes, but that’s not going to help you

leave the island. I think it would be

better to have a cell phone.

Dialogue 1:

A: I’d like to have a telescope because

I could look far.

B: Yes, but that’s not going to help

you leave the island. I think it

would be better to have a signal

lamp.

Dialogue 2:

What is invention?

An invention is a new thing that someone has made.

When was it invented?

1896 1939 1709

• 英语中的动词有两种语态：主动语态 (Th

e Active Voice) 和被动语态 (The Passi

ve Voice) 。主动语态中，主语是谓语动作的执行者，被动语态中，主语是谓语动作的承受者。

• 被动语态的构成： be + 及物动词的过去分词

被动语态 (The Passive Voice)

一般现在时态的被动语态： am / is / are + p.p一般过去时态的被动语态： was / were + p.p一般将来时态的被动语态： will be + p.p现在完成时态的被动语态： have / has been +p.p现在进行时态的被动语态： am / is / are being + p.p过去完成时态的被动语态： had been + p.p含有情态动词的被动语态： can / may / must…be + p.p

• 主动句变被动句的方式：• 主动句： 主语 + 及物动词谓语 + 宾语

• 被动句： 主语 + be + 过去分词 + by 宾语• Our teacher loves her students.

• Her students are loved by our teacher.

请把下列主动句变为被动句 :

They produced that kind of car.

The workers built a bridge over the river.

Mother tells me a story every day.

That kind of car was produced by them.

A bridge was built by the workers over the river.

I am told a story by Mother every day.

What order do you think they were invented? Number them[1—5]

1

2

34

5

Listen and match the inventions with the dates.

a

b

ce

When was the telephone

invented?

I think it was invented in 1876.

Listen and number the inventions in the order you hear them.

1 23

Listen again and match the items in columns A, B and C.

• be used for 被动语态 , “ 被用来做……”。介词

for 表目的用途 , 可接名词或动名词形式。

e.g.

The woolen sweater is used for keeping warm.

毛衣是用来保暖的。

Explanation:

car / 1885 / Henry Ford / travel fast

fridge / 1862 / Harrison / keep food fresh

washing machine / 1858 / Smith / wash clothes

Explanation:

1. annoying adj. 讨厌的 , 恼人的 ( 往往指事物 )

e.g. How annoying it is! 真讨厌。 annoyed adj. 生气的 , 恼怒的 ( 往往指人 )

e.g. My father is annoyed with me.

爸爸在生我气。

Explanation:

2. helpful adj. 有帮助的 , 有益的e.g. Mr. White is a very helpful man.

构词法： n + ful → adj

再如 : use + ful → useful

thank + ful → thankful

beauty+ ful → beautiful

care + ful → careful

microwave oven alarm clock

light bulb

Discuss:

I think the most helpful invention is… I’d like to have a…because I could… It’s used for… I also want a…because it…

Exercises: 句型转换

1. She was seen to come out of the library by him.

（变为主动语态） He _____ _____ ______ out of the library.

2. When are trees often planted. （变为主动语态） When ____ people often _____ ______?

3. The League was founded in Guangzhou in 1922.

（就画线部分提问） ______ _____ ______ ______ the League

_______?

saw her come

plant treedo

When and where was

founded

Exercises: 句型转换

4. Did the students wear the school clothes a lot?

（变为被动语态） ______ the school clothes ______ a lot?

5. Kate took good care of the baby yesterday

evening. （变为被动语态） The baby ______ ______ good care of

______ Kate yesterday evening.

was taken

by

Were worn

sour, sweet

lemon ice cream

sweet

sweet

tea potato chips

crispy, salty

Listen and circle “T” or “F”.

1b Listen and complete the sentences.1. A: I’d like to _______ outside.

B: You could help clean ______ the city parks.

2. A: I’d like to ______ homeless people.

B: You could give _______ food at the food bank.

3. A: I’d like to cheer ______ sick kids.

B: You could ______ them in the hospital.

4. A: I’d like to help kids _______ their schoolwork.

B: You could __________ in an after-school study

program.

up

work

help

out

up

visit

with

volunteer

Explanation:Mistake 作名词 “错误，误会”。也可以作动词 “弄错，犯错”。常见形式：

make a mistake 出错e.g. You have made a mistake here. 你这儿犯了一个错误。

mistake…for… 错把……当作…… They mistook him for his brother. 他们错把他认作他的兄弟。

by mistake 错误地 e.g. They sent the letter to me by mistake. 他们误把那封信送到了我这儿。

Answer:根据答案写问题。1. Q: _______________________ The stove was invented in 1896.2. Q: _____________________ The Wright brothers invented the airplane.3. Q: ______________________________ The washing machine is used for washing for washing clothes.4. Q: ___________________________________ The washing machine was invented by Fisher.5. Q: ___________________________ The helicopter was invented in 1939.

When was the stove invented?

Who invented the airplane?

What is the washing machine used for?

Who was the washing machine invented by?

When was the helicopter invented?

Read and answer:

1. What is the article about?

2. When was it invented?

3. Who was it invented by?

4. How was it invented?

The article is about the invention of tea.

It was invented over three thousand years ago.

It was invented by the Chinese emperor, Shen Nong.

It was invented by accident.

1. by accident 偶然地，碰巧 与 by chance 同义。e.g. X-rays first discovered by a German scientist,

William Konrad Rontgen, in 1895, almost by

accident. X射线是 1895德国科学家威廉、康拉 德，伦琴几乎是在碰巧的情况下首先发现的。2. according to “根据……” 是一介词短语e.g. According to the papers, there was a big fire

in London.

据报道，伦敦发生了火灾。

Explanation:

3. not…until “ …… ……直到 才 ”

用于 not…until 结构中的主句谓语多为短暂性动词。e.g. We didn’t finish the work until yesterday

evening.

我们昨天晚上才做完这项工作。注： until 的主句中也可以用延续性动词，此时 until 不与 not “ …… ”连用，表示 直到 为止 。e.g. I will wait until he returns.

我将等到他回来。

Explanation:

Read and answer:1. Who invented flying disks?

2. When were they invented?

3. What did the college students use for flying disks?

4. Where were the metal pie plates from?

5. How were the flying disks invented?

College students invented flying disks.

They were invented in 1950s.

They use metal pie plates for flying disks.

They were from a bakery Bridgeport, Connecticut.

The college students ate pies and then threw pie plates.

Writing:

Problem writing tests

Newinvention

a pen that listens and writes

Use listen and write instead of you

Price 100 yuan each

Fill in the blanks:

sweet

salty

sour

crispy

动词填空：1. The TV __________ (invent) around 1927.2. They are used for _______ (see) in the park.3. This kite _________ (make) by Uncle Wang.4. Tea ___________ (discover) a long time ago.5. Our classroom _________________ (should clean) every day.

was invented

seeing

was made

was discovered

should be cleaned

根据汉语完成句子：1. _______ _______ the computer ________ ( 什么时 候发明的 )？2. ________ was the car ________ _______ ( 谁发明 的 )？3. A pen _____ ______ ______ (用来做 ) writing.4. What do you think is _____ ______ ______ _______ (最有帮助的发明 )？5. He said the fish was ______ _______ (足够咸 ).

When was

is used for

invention the most

salty enough

Who invented by

invented

helpful

找出下列短语

1. 周游中国＿＿＿＿＿ _______ 2. 一个叫 James Naismith 的加拿大医生 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿3. 在室内玩＿＿＿＿＿＿4. 在长长的冬天期间＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿5. 在坚硬的木制地板上＿＿＿＿＿＿＿6. 撞在某人身上＿＿＿＿＿＿

travel around China

a Canadian doctor named James Naismithplay indoors

during the long winters

on a hard wooden floor knock into sb.

Answer the questions:

1. Who invented basketball?

2. Why were the Berlin Olympics important for

basketball?

3. What is the aim of basketball?

4. Name a professional basketball organization

in American?

James Naismith.

It was the first time basketball was played as an

Olympic event.

To get the ball into the goop.

The Naismith Basketball Association. (NBA)