varunyantra to tap skywater
Post on 07-Apr-2018
217 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
1/29
VarunyantratotapSkywater:ABhagirath effort
VarunyantraUsersFirstConference
July14,2010Pune
By
DrShreehari(Raja)Marathe
Rashtrasanta Tukdoji Maharaj Swayampurnata Kendra
AtPostSujlegaon,TalukaNaigaon,DistrictNanded
Email:drmarathe@gmail.com,(M)9970435740http://www.varunyantra.org
mailto:drmarathe@yahoo.comhttp://www.varunyantra.org/http://www.varunyantra.org/mailto:drmarathe@yahoo.com -
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
2/29
WhatisSkywater?
Atmosphericevaporationandprecipitation
Oceans 87% 80%
Landareas. 13% 20%
Thisdifferencebetweentheimportsandexportsofmoisturebylandamountingto44,800km3peryear isbymeansofthetransferof
atmospheric
moisture
from
the
oceans
to
the
land.
Thisuniquenaturalprocessincreasestheavailabilityofwateronland.
As44,800Km3ofwatercirculatesannuallyroundthehydrologicalcycle,itcanprovidealmosthundredtimesourpresentrateofsupply.
Skywater isthewaterinformofwatervaporanddropletsfloatingintheatmosphereinformofclouds
Althoughthereisenoughwaterintheworld,itisrarelyintherightplaceattherighttimeintherightquantityandquality.
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 2
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
3/29
Skywatertapping Aneedofthehour
WaterScarcity ANationalCrisis
India
Monsoon
Based
Economy VagariesofMonsoon AnnualFeature
SeveredroughtsinlargebutdifferentpartsofIndiaa
RecurringAnnualFeature
Conventionalthinkingaboutwaterresources
Groundwater Dams,bundsetc
Underground
water
Wells,
tubewells
etc Enlightenedscientists,bureaucrats,industrialistsand
statesmeninabout50countriesarefrequentlyusingcloud
seedingoperationsforover40years
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 3
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
4/29
Tappingskywater
Apersonalexperience
PartnershipFarmingProjectinvillageSujlegaon,Nanded
Norainsuntil10th August2009
DiscoveredartificialrainmakingsolutionthroughInternetandProfShivajiRaoandhisbookCloudseedingforIndia.
NecessityistheMotherofInvention
InspirationfromJamesP.Espysuggestionin1839toburnlargeblocksofwood
Indesperation,madeabonfireon19th August2009inSujlegaonandvaporizedsaltbysprinkledsaltonflames.
Anditrainedfor2hoursandsavedthecrops
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 4
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
5/29
Somemoreexperimentalresults!
Successionofresultson19th,20th,21st August2009inSujlegaon,NavandiandRudrur(Nizamabad)onfirewood
FirstLavanVajraonburningtireinSujlegaononAugust24,2009inmorning,noon,evening
Excellentweatherconditions
Overcastsky
Darklowlying clouds
Verylittlewind Highhumidity
Gave5~10mmofheavyrain
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 5
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
6/29
BirthofVarunYantra
YantrainSanskritmeansmachine,VarunwasthenameofRigvedicgodofrain
VarunYantraistheprocessofthevaporizationofcommonsaltonanykindoffire
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 6
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
7/29
TheEarthsHeating
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 7
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
8/29
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 8
WarmandColdClouds
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
9/29
Watervapor+DustParticle (
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
10/29
CoalescenceandCollision
1. Someliquidclouddropsarebiggerthanothers,hence,theywillfallatafasterrate.
2. Thisdifferentialrateofdescentresultsincollisionsbetweenliquidclouddrops.
3. Ifconditionsarefavorable(electricalfactors),thetwodropswillsticktogether("coalesce")andanew,biggerdropresults.
4. Collisionscontinue.Ifthedropbecomesbigenough,itfallsoutofthecloudasrain.
July 14, 2010 10Varunyantra Users First Conference
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
11/29
0
6000ft
6500
20000 ft
Above
20000 ft
July 14, 2010 11Varunyantra Users First Conference
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
12/29
CloudSeedingAwaytotapSkywater
Cloudseedingaidsnaturalprocessesofrainformationandactsasacatalyst
Byaddingcloudcondensationnucleitoclouds
HygroscopicsaltssuchasMg/Ca/NaChlorideworkforwarmcloudsandAgIforcoldclouds
Conventionallydonewithdeliverybymeansofspeciallyequippedaircraft
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 12
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
13/29
July 14, 2010 13Varunyantra Users First Conference
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
14/29
NatureprovideCloudCondensationNucleibyvaporizedSalt(fromthesea),Particlesfromdeadmatterfromtrees,or
agriculturalwaste,deadinsectsthathavesalt Extensivedeforestationinruralareas.
Sujlegaonhas410households,eachneedingabout8
quintalsoffirewood,equivalentof2treesperyeari.e.about810treesayear,inthepast10years8,000treesfelled+say2000forconsumptionmakesit10,000treesinonevillagein10years
Naigaontahsilof500sqkmhas100villagesmakingit10laktreesin10years
Resultinginlowhumidity,lesssupplyofCCN
Whyiscloudseedingrequiredatall?
One:ExtensiveDeforestation
July 14, 2010 14Varunyantra Users First Conference
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
15/29
10yearsbackSujlegaonhadnovehiclesexcept2tractors.
Nowthereare8jeeps,9threewheelers,7tractors+
harvestorsandbulldozersarefrequentlyused
Fragmentationofwaterdroplets
Increase
in
ground
temperature
thus
pushing
clouds
up
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 15
Whyiscloudseedingrequiredatall?
Two:Pollution
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
16/29
VillageSujlegaonhas1000acresofSoyabeancultivationin
2009kharifseas,letustakealowyieldof6quintalsperacre
andapriceofRs2500perquintal.Thisimplies1,000x6x
2,500=15,000,000i.e.apotentiallossofRs1.5crores
TalukaNaigaonhas100villages.ThusNaigaonTalukahasa
potentiallossof150croresofSoyabeanproductioninthis
season
Nandedhas16tahsilssowearetalkingaboutalossofRs
1500croresinSoyabean.
CostofNOTtimelytappingskywater
AgricultureLossAnalysis
July 14, 2010 16Varunyantra Users First Conference
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
17/29
ActivitiesinChinaIn2005
1,952countiesof31provincescarryingoutprecipitationenhancementandhailsuppressionbyusingartilleriesandrocketlaunchersonGround
21provincescarryingoutprecipitationenhancementbyusing37airplanesequippedwithAgI,dryiceorliquidnitrogengeneratorsandPMSprobes
Over37,210fulltimeandparttimepeople
NewgenerationDopplerweatherradar158radars
996,720artilleryshells,84,416rockets
676KgAgI(silveriodide),9,760litresliquidnitrogen,11,820KgliquidCO2(carbondioxide)
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 17
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
18/29
Chinesetechnologiesforcloudseeding
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 18
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
19/29
VarunyantraGevelopment
Anindividualeffort Usingbiobriquettes(carbonneutral,nonpolluting)
Varunyantraheatproduction 2800kwh ~10,000KJ,
VaporisingPotential10Kgofsalt,
Generateslocalthermals
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 19
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
20/29
VarunyantraModels
AirSupplyUnitandMobiledesign
AirSupplyUnit:10assortedpiecesof1GIthreaded
pipes.(4
way
etc).
The
GI
pieces
are
drilled
tohaveholesthatsupplyturbulentairtothebio
masses. Thiswillbeconnectedtoablower.Thisis
commontoallmodels. Mobile: AmobileVarunyantracanbebuiltbymeans
ofadiscarded200Ldrum(2dia,3height),about
40feeteachof6mmand10mmgajali foragrilland
support.ThetotalcostofthiswillbeunderRs3,000
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 20
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
21/29
VarunyantraModels
Fixed,Portable Fixed:AfixedVarunyantracanbebuiltbybuildinga
4
x
4
x
4
brick
structure
with
a
wall
thickness
of
4
inches.Thebrickstructurehasventilationholes,a
grillkeptat9abovethebase.Thiswillrequireabout
400bricks,1bagofcementandcoupleofbagsofsand.
Portable: Aportablehexagonalstructureinakit
formcanbebuiltusingtwo1mmx8x4MSsheets
thatcanbecutinto8piecesof2x4.Thepieceswill
bedrilled,bentandcanbenutboltedtoslotted
anglesonlocation.July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 21
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
22/29
Varunyantra
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 22
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
23/29
VarunyantraPhysicalChemistry
BiomassburningbyproductsareCo2andH2O
Internaltemperaturesachieved 1200centigrade,Instantaneoustemperaturemuchhigher
Saltmeltingpoint 804centigrade,Saltboilingpoint
1413centigrade
Fourpossibleprocesses
Vaporisation
of
saltEvaporationofSalineWater(Na+,Cl ions)
Nanoscale,picodurationplasma
Cavitationlikeburstingofbubblesandsaltparticlespluttering
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 23
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
24/29
BoundaryLayerasaCarrier
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 24
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
25/29
Creatingthermalsandridingonthem
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 25
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
26/29
UsingVarunyantra
Whenandwhere?When
ThereshouldbeGooddarkcloudcover(6~8octa).Relative
humidity>50%.Verylittlewind,Goodtimeoneandhalf
houraftersunrise, oneandhalfhourbeforesunset,onehour
afternoonsun.Atnightonlyifthecloudcoverisgoodand
low
lying
and
if
there
is
no
wind. Where
Pickaspotwherethereisnotmuchwind.Itshouldnotbeset
up
on
hill
tops
(with
the
mistaken
belief
that
it
will
near
the
clouds!)butatthebaseofhillswhereupcurrentscancarry
saltvapoursupwardsandnotsideways.Goodchoicescould
nearwaterbodies,wells.Itshouldbelocatedwherethe
smokeandheatwillnothurtpeopleordiscolorwallswith
soot.July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 26
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
27/29
UsingVarunyantra
Howandresults?How
Startwith10kgofbiomass(wood,coal,biobriquettes).Put
litreofkeroseneordiesel.Setfire.Whenflamesaregood,startBlower.Add90kgofbiomassslowly.Startsprinkling
(ordinaryorpowder)saltorspraysalinewater.Totalsalt
weight
about
1o
kg
of
salt
per
quintal
of
biomass.
The
process
shouldtakeaboutonetotwohours.Thetypicalcostper
applicationwouldbeRs500.
Results?
Rainsaccompaniedbythundershowersexpectedbetween2to72hours.GuessProbabilitybetween 50%to75%.
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 27
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
28/29
AThankYouNote
Prof.TShivajiRao,ForemostEnvironmentalistandDirector,EnvironmentalStudies,GitamUniversity,Vishakhapatanam
ProfMukunda,CGPL,IndianInstituteofScience,Banglore
MsRohiniNilekani,Chairman,Arghyam
Dr.
Shrikar
Pardeshi,
Collector,
Nanded ManyIITBalumnifriends,Pune
Severalwellwisherfriendsandtelephonicadvisers
SujlegaonPartnershipFarmersandcountlessvolunteers
SatyasankalpanchavaliishwarasatoJuly 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 28
-
8/4/2019 Varunyantra to Tap Skywater
29/29
Refusal
of
cloud
seeding
operations
means
promotingwaterandfoodscarcity,diseases,
poverty,unemploymentandblocking
economicprosperityofanation.
anenvironmentalistviewofProfTShivajiRaoFromhisbook
CloudseedingforIndia(aneffectiveweapontofightthedraughts)
July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference 29
top related