waterborne diseases

Waterborne Diseases

• Water Quality• Coliform Counts• Lactose + gas• Extinction Dilution• Most Probable

Numbers – MPN• EMB agar

Fecal Coliform

• Fecal Coliform• Membrane Filter• E. coli counts• Enzyme substrate• MUG• IBGD• 100 ml• +/- Test

Wastewater

• 100-200 gal/day/person

• BOD• Biochemical Oxygen

Demand• Water Quality

Measure?

Sewage Treatment

• Primary Treatment• Settling Tank• Sludge• Septic Tank

Secondary TreatmentsAerobic

• Activated Sludge • Trickling Filters

Anaerobic Treatment

• Sludge Digesters• Methane • Vented or Used?

Other Treatments

• Biodiscs• Chlorine, Ozone, UV• Tertiary treatment

Drinking Water Purification

• Potable Water• Sedimentation Basin• Alum• Coagulation• Sand Filter• Chlorination

•Cholera

•Vibrio cholerae

•7 Pandemics

2 Biotypes

El Tor & Classic O-1

Waterborne Diseases

Legionnaires Disease

• Philadelphia 1976• Legionella

pneumophilia• Erythromycin• Complex Nutritional

requirements• Pontiac Fever

Protozoan Diseases

• Giardia lamblia• Cysts• 97% surface water• Cryptosporidium

parvum• 1993 Milwaukee• 403,000 cases

Other Waterborne Diseases

• Viruses• Polio, Hepatitis• Typhoid Fever • Salmonella typhi• Entamoeba histolytica• Amoebic Dysentery• Shigella dysenteriae