week 2 gb course
Post on 06-May-2015
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Passive Design/OTTVWeek 1
Discussion: Green Building Survey
Q1: Would you like to work in a green building?
Q2: Would you like to live in a green building?
Q3: Is Green Building more expensive to construct than standard building designs?
Q4: Should every new building designed in Vietnam be a Green Building?
Q5: Can a building with Air Conditioning be called a Green Building?
Q6: Should all Green building include onsite renewable energy production (eg Solar or Wind power)?
Q7: The most important party (group of people) in achieving “Green Building” is…
Government incentives to build Green
4 14%
The government to “lead by example” and build Green Buildings
7 25%
Stricter laws on building design
5 18%
Advertising campaigns about Green Building
1 4%
Teach Architects and other professionals about Green Building
2 7%
Support industries providing eco-products or highly efficient equipment
5 18%
Other 4 14%
Q8: The best way to promote Green Buildings in Vietnam is…
Energy Efficiency 7 25%
Water Efficiency/recycling/ harvesting
1 4%
Sustainability of Materials 3 11%
Renewable Energy 4 14%
Management 8 29%
Other 5 18%
Q9: What is the most important consideration when designing Green Buildings in Vietnam?
Passive Design Definition
Design where climatic and site conditions are considered to keep the building naturally cool in summer and warm in winter, with adequate ventilation and a comfortable level of natural light while requiring no input of energy for thermal control.
Hybrid systems use a variety of cooling options (including air-conditioning) in the most effective way. They take maximum advantage of passive cooling when available and make efficient use of mechanical cooling systems during extreme periods.
Tools for Passive Design
SoftwareData and Information
Autodesk Ecotect Analysishttp://usa.autodesk.com/ecotect-analysis/
Ecotect Analysis:
Whole-building energy analysis—Calculate total energy use and carbon emissions of your building model Thermal performance—Calculate heating and cooling loads for models. Water usage and cost evaluation—Estimate water use inside and outside the building.Solar radiation—Visualize incident solar radiation on windows and surfacesDaylighting—Calculate daylight factors and illuminance levels Shadows and reflections—Display the sun’s position and path
ARUP Passive Design Assistant Toolhttp://www.arup.com/Publications/Passive_Design_Assistant.aspx
Climate Data: Temperature, (degree days)http://www.degreedays.net/QCVN 02 : 2009/BXD
Climate Data: HumidityQCVN 02 : 2009/BXD
Climate Data: RainfallQCVN 02 : 2009/BXD
Sun path diagramhttp://solardat.uoregon.edu/SunChartProgram.htmlhttp://www.suncalc.net
Wind rose(Ecotect)
Solar Irradiation/Insolation
Solar Irradiation/Insolationhttp://www.gaisma.com/en/dir/vn-country.html
Factors affecting Microclimate: Elevation, Topography, Water Bodies, Vegetation, Heat Island affect
Passive Design Exercise
Passive Design ExerciseLocation: Hoa Thach, Ha Noi (near Hoa Binh)Project: 4 villas and ladscaping, Each villa: 180m2
Consider:- Microclimate- Orientation of buildings- Orientation of living spaces/bedrooms- Floorplate? How many levels?- Ventilation- Glazing (type and dimensions)- Shading (type and dimensions)- Landscaping- Innovative features?
Fundamentals of Passive Design
Fundamentals of Passive Design
Orientation-Site Selection-Climatic conditions-Prevailing winds
Passive Heating (Hanoi?)
Ventilation-Cross Ventilation -Stack Ventilation
North Facing House (Hiroshi Sanbuichi, Yamaguchi, Japan)
Shading-Overhangs (eaves)-Shading device (louvers, -planting
Shading
Louvers and shading devices
Glazing-Window to Wall ratio
Glazing-Low-E (Emissivity)-tinted-reflective coating-Double (triple) glazing
Concepts-SHGC (Solar heat gain coefficient)-Emissivity-VT (Visible Transmittance)
Glazing and Insulation> Saigon Case study
Materials (Hot tropical and Hot dry summer)
*Southern Hemisphere
Materials (Courtyard and Nightime cooling)
*Southern Hemisphere
Insulation: R Value/U-Valuehttp://www.u-value.net/berechnung/u-wert-rechner/
Insulation: R Value/U-Valuehttp://www.u-value.net/berechnung/u-wert-rechner/
Where to install insulation?- Under the roofing material>reduce radiant heat gain.- In the ceiling> reduce heat gain and loss- In walls> reduce conducted, convected and radiant heat transfer-Underside of suspended floors> In hot or humid climates where AC is used
Thermal Mass
Seasonal Thermal Mass -Europe: Switzerland, Berlin (Germany), IrelandIce storage-Rokko Shidare observatory
Seasonal Thermal Mass & Ice Storage
Thermal Mass and “Earth coupling”
Underground thermal control (tubes/chambers)
Evaporative Cooling- Sweat-Botijo(Spain)
Evaporative Cooling-Pot in Pot (Zeer) – Northern Africa-Coolgardie safe (1890’s) - Australia
Evaporative Cooling> Applications in architecture
-Effectiveness depends on difference between wet-bulb and dry bulb temperature
OTTV Overall Thermal Transfer Value
OTTV Overall Thermal Transfer Value
- QCXDVN 09/2005 (EEBC)- New version (2014?)- Used in Singapore, Phillipines, Malaysia, Jamaica, Hong Kong,
Thailand
Term 1: Heat conduction due to absorption of solar radiation by opaque surface
Term 2: Heat conduction through opaque elements due to temperature difference
Term 3: Transmission of solar radiation through transparent elements
Term 4: Heat conduction through transparent elements
OTTV in LOTUS and calculation of reduction
Example “compliant” wall in Hanoi-35% WWR
Example “compliant” roof in Hanoi-Why terms 1 & 2?-5% glazing
Compliant Wall rotations
OTTV case study
Standard Office Premium Office
Standard Office – BASE CASE
Standard Office – WALLS applying measures 1 at a time
Standard Office – WALLS measures applied cumulatively
Standard Office – ROOF applying measures 1 at a time
Standard Office – ROOF measures applied cumulatively
Premium Office – BASE CASE-Clear double glazing assumed
Premium Office – BASE CASE-Clear double glazing assumed
Premium Office – WALLS applying measures 1 at a time
Premium Office – WALLS measures applied cumulatively
Premium Office – ROOF applying measures 1 at a time
Premium Office – ROOF measures applied cumulatively
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