week 5 fish origins – fossil fishes jawless and cartilagenous fishes

Week 5

Fish origins – Fossil fishes

Jawless and cartilagenous fishes

Chapter 2 - Fish Origins and Some Early History

Phylum Hemichordata

Phylum Echinodermata

Phylum Chordata - Origins

Pikaia – a very early (fossil) chordate

A primitive LIVING Chordate

Phylum Chordata

Cephalochordate or amphioxus

A primitive LIVING Chordate

Phylum Chordata

Cephalochordate or amphioxus

Major Groups of Fishes

“Fishes”

Phylogeny of the Vertebrates

“Jawless fishes”

“Jawed fishes”

JawlessJawed

“Jawless fishes”

“Bony fishes”

Cartilagenous fishes

Phylogeny of the Vertebrates

Jawless

Bony

Cartilaginous

Fishes

Trends in Fish Evolution

Increased dietary niche

Trends in Fish Evolution

Increased mobility

Chapter 5 – Jawless Fishes

ca. 500 mya

Primitive Vertebrates

Conodonts

Conodonts

Class Myxini

Hagfishes

Hagfishes

Slime glands and slime

Hagfish Eggs

Mxyine glutinosa L.

1 Family

6 genera

ca. 40 species

Eptatretus

Eel Skin

Class Cephalaspidomorphi

Lampreys

Geotria

2 familes

6 genera

41 species

Lampreys

Lampetra tridentata

Lampetra similis

Lampetra ayresi

Lampetra richardsoni

Predaceous or parasitic life mode

Predaceous lampreys

Brook lampreys

Satellite Species

Predaceous Lampetra fluviatilis

Non-feeding Lampetra planeri

Great Lakes

and sea lampreys

Fossil Jawless Fishes

“Ostracoderms”

Fossil Jawless Fishes

“Ostracoderms”

All Long Extinct

Sacabambaspis

Aranapsida

Pteraspidomorphi

Pteraspis

Anaspidiformes

Rhyncholepis

Osteostraci

Ateleaspis

Chapter 6 - Fishes with Jaws

Gnathostomes

Thelodonti

Jaw Evolution

First jaws

First jaws

†Class Placodermi

†Class PlacodermiAll Long Extinct

†Class Placodermi

Rhenaniformes

†Class Placodermi

Antiarchiformes

†Class Placodermi

Jaws + well developed paired fins and girdles

Cartilagenous Fishes

Hydrolagus

Cartilagenous Fishes

Ratfish, chimaeras

Callorhinchus

Cartilagenous Fishes

Ratfish, chimaeras

Rhinochimaera

Cartilagenous Fishes

Ratfish, chimaeras

Sharks, skates and rays

Cartilagenous Fishes

Elasmobranchs

Skates and rays and sawfishes

Narcine (electric ray)

Skates and rays and sawfishes

Skates and rays and sawfishes

Skates and rays and sawfishes

Skates and rays and sawfishes

Heterodontus (Port Jackson Shark)

Sharks

Sharks

Sharks

Sharks

Primitive Sharks

Cookie cutter shark

Primitive Sharks

Buoyancy

Respiration

Feeding

Spiral Valve

Plankton Feeding

Sensory Biology

ampullae de lorenzini

Reproduction

Reproduction