welcome to leadership in literacy! - swsc.org...literacy refers to the ability to read for...
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Welcome to
Leadership in
Literacy! Cathy Mrla
RtI and Reading Specialist
Southwest West Central Service Cooperative
Literacy refers to the ability to
read for knowledge, write
coherently and think critically
about the written word.
Literacy defined
National Reading
Panel's Research
The 5 Strands of Reading
Phonemic Awareness
Phonics
Fluency
Vocabulary
Comprehension
*Intervene in area of the student’s skill deficit
Standards-based Curriculum
2010 English Language Arts Standards
http://www.swsc.org//site/Default.aspx?PageID=1206
Explicit Instruction
Share with a partner…(5 min) A complex game or task that you tried to learn and were not
successful.
A complex game or task that you learned and were successful.
What was the difference in how you
learned it?
Explicit Instruction
Provides a structure for explaining and demonstrating the
application of concepts, processes, skills, and strategies
that are invisible to students.
A concrete example of what we want students to know
and be able to do.
Why is modeling important?
Reading is thinking
Reading Strategies are abstract
For example, regarding Inference, teachers often say:
“Read between the lines”
“Make an inference”
“Draw a conclusion”
“Think harder”
Scaffold Support
What the + What I = An Inference
Author says know
It Says ------ I Say ------- And So
Vygotsky…
“What is learned, must be taught.”
What does it mean to be in the
“Zone of Proximal Development”?
How do you know if the child is in the “Zone..”?
Spires & Stone, 1989, after Pearson & Gallagher, 1983
Modeling
Teacher
Student
Independence
Guided Practice
Gradual Release of Responsibility Model
I do we do you do
Explicit Instruction
Description
Components of Explicit Instruction
Explanation
Models/demonstrations
Opportunities for Practice
Gradual release of responsibility
Coaching
Monitor for transfer
When could teachers use Explicit Instruction?
Consider…
Can the skill or strategy be broken down into a series of small steps?
Is the skill or strategy one that often requires a series of lessons to help
students perform the process or strategy?
Is this a process or strategy that requires gradual release of
responsibility?
More considerations…
Does the process or strategy help the student be more
reflective and metacognitive?
Will this skill or strategy be useful outside the context of the
lesson? Is it transferable?
Reminder:
What makes an intervention effective??
Correctly targeted
Explicit instruction
Appropriate challenge
Opportunities to respond
Immediate feedback
Burns, VanDerHeyden, & Boice (2008). Best practices in implementing
individual interventions. In A. Thomas & J. Grimes (Eds.) Best practices in
school psychology (5th ed.). Bethesda, MD: National Association of School
Psychologists.
Data Driven
Instruction
Sample 3rd Grade Classroom Data Estab 3.0
Tier 2 2.5-
2.9
Tier 3 PP -
2.4
Estab 12
Tier 2 9-
11
Tier 3 0-8
Estab 70
Tier 2 25-
69
Tier 3 0-
24
Estab
95% Tier
2 90-94%
Tie r3 0-
89%
Student Name MCA STAR MAZE ORF Accuracy
1 Joseph 3.5 10 90 98.9%
2 Ania 4.5 18 99 96.1%
3 Carolina 1.3 1 14 66.7%
4 Tyson 3.7 24 140 95.2%
5 Hunter 3.2 13 134 96.4%
6 Johsua 4.5 9 102 94.4%
7 Taylor 5.8 27 140 100.0%
8 Zachary 0.9 9 12 60.0%
9 Cody * 2.4 8 51 91.1%
10 Ryan 2.2 7 68 97.1%
11 Madelyn 4.0 17 91 95.8%
12 Teah 2.4 3 37 88.1%
13 Daniel 2.7 15 106 98.1%
14 Annamae 3.0 10 68 95.8%
15
4th Grade Student Data Sample
Fall Benchmarking Winter Spring
Est 350; Tier 2 340-349; Tier 3 0-339
Est. 200 Est. 13
Est. - 94 Tier 2 69-93, Tier 3 0-68
Est. - 95%, Tier 2 90-94%, Tier 3 0-89% Est. 19
Est 112 Tier 2 88-111, Tier 3 0-87
Est. - 95%, Tier 2 90-94%, Tier 3 0-89% Est. 207
Est 123 Tier 2 99-122, Tier 3 0-98
Est. - 95%, Tier 2 90-94%, Tier 3 0-89%
Student Name MCA MAP RIT MAZE ORF Accuracy MAZE ORF Accuracy MAP ORF Accuracy
1 Abubakar 339 170 9 55 91.7 14 83 94.3
2 Addison 370 205 18 122 98.4 33 134 98.5
3 Alex B. 350 13 100 98
4 Aubrey 397 211 49 139 97.2 38 159 99.4
5 Jackson 362 214 47 112 95.7 24 143 94.1
6 Jenesus 331 184 11 118 97.5 27 120 99.2
7 Alex C. 347 182 16 101 90.2 25 153 99.4
8 Caitlyn 355 199 11 61 95.3 11 78 97.5
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