what does misleading mean? to lead in the wrong direction. to manipulate statistics without lying....
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What does misleading mean?
•To lead in the wrong direction.
•To manipulate statistics without lying.
•Misleading = Dishonesty
•To intentionally deceive someone.
Salaries Stable!!
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
1 2 3 4 5 6
Year
Sala
ryMrs. Long’s Salaries
Salaries Rising!!
34000
34500
35000
35500
36000
1 2 3 4 5 6
Year
Sal
ary
Mrs. Long’s Salaries
What is the difference between the two graphs?
Do these two graphs appear to show the same information?
Why do you think someone would want to present the same information in different ways?
Salaries Rising!!
34000
34500
35000
35500
36000
1 2 3 4 5 6
Year
Sala
ry
Salaries Stable!!
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
1 2 3 4 5 6
Year
Sala
ryMrs. Long’s Salaries Mrs. Long’s Salaries
A Day's Activities
2
4
6
8
10
Sleep Eat School Homework Play
Activity
Hour
s
A Day's Activities
02468
10
Activity
Hou
rs
Key = or = 5 pets
Which pet is most popular?
What is misleading about this bar graph?
Batting Average
050
100150200250300350400
2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
Year
Ave
rage
Batting Average
050
100150200250300350400
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Year
Ave
rage
What eye color is the most frequent?
Eye Color
Blue
Hazel
Brow n
Green
Eye Color
Blue
Hazel
Brow n
Green
Eye Color
Blue27%
Hazel36%
Brown28%
Green 9%
Why would someone want to mislead you?
• To make it appear that they are correct.
• Change the way the data is interpreted
• To persuade someone
• To influence an opinion
Ways to Manipulate Statistics
• Change the values on the x- or y-axis.
• Do not start the graph at zero.
• Use different bar widths on a bar graph
• Change the way you conduct your survey– Example: Survey only 6th graders when you
are collecting data on the height of middle school students at IMS.
– Survey’s should be random.
Try the examples in your notes..
• Which graph should the governor use to support his argument?
• Which graph should the governor's opponent use?
The line graph on the left
The line graph on the right
• How many calories are in a slice of pizza from Mario’s?
• How many calories are in a slice of pizza from Pizza Queen?
• Is this bar graph
misleading?
Explain.
120 calories
124 calories
Yes
• How is this graph misleading?
• How could you redraw the graph so it would not be misleading?
The y-axis scale does not have equal spacing
Draw the y-axis scale starting at 0 with equal spacing so
that the distance between 0 and 18,000 equal distance
between 18,000 and 36,000.
• How is this graph misleading?
• How could you redraw the graph so it would not be misleading?
The y-axis scale has a break so the differences in jump distances appear greater
Draw the y-axis scale starting at 0 and continuing to 7.5
using equal spacing.
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri
13 12 11 10
Taxicab Fares
Fare
($
)
• How is this graph misleading?
• How could you redraw the graph so it would not be misleading?
Draw the y-axis scale starting at 0 and continuing to 7.5
using equal spacing.
The y-axis scale has a break so the differences in fare appear greater.
Water Consumed
48
40
32
24
16Mark Frank Mila Yvonne
Ounce
s of
Wate
r
• How is this graph misleading?
• How could you redraw the graph so it would not be misleading?
The y-axis scale does not start at zero so the differences in water consumed seem greater.
Draw the y-axis scale starting at 0 and continuing to 48
using equal spacing.
Exit Ticket Quiz
Explain why each graph could
be misleading and why.
Misleading Activity
• Use the given data to make a
misleading graph
Gallery Walk
• Walk around and observe each misleading graph.
• Choose one graph (not your groups’)
• On a separate sheet of paper:– Explain how that group made their graph
misleading.
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