what is sids?
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is “the sudden death of an infant under one year of age which remains unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including:
• performance of a complete autopsy,• examination of the death scene, and• review of the clinical history.”
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Willinger et al, 1991
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
2005 March of Dimes Peristats
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04/20/23 SIDS Network of Kansas
SIDS Mortality Rateby Race of Mother
1. Native American 145.7
2. African American 113.5
3. White 45.6
4. Hispanic 27.1
5. Asian 18.5
Mathews, Menacker, and MacDorman, 2003 from birth and infant death certificates.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Infants at Highest Risk for SIDS
Babies who sleep on their tummies (5x greater risk)
Babies put on their tummies to sleep who usually sleep on their backs (as much as 18x)
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Infants at HighestRisk for SIDS
Mothers who smoke during pregnancy (3x greater risk)
Babies who breathe secondhand smoke (2.5x greater risk)
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
SIDS in Child CareRachel Y. Moon, MD, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
Approximately 20% of SIDS deaths occurred while the infant was in the care of a nonparental caregiver.60% in family child care20% in child care centers
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
SIDS in Child Care Rachel Y. Moon, MD, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
Approximately 1/3 of SIDS-related deaths in child care occur in the first week, 1/2 of these on the first day.
Something intrinsic to child care? No
Unaccustomed tummy sleeping? Yes
04/20/23
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
•When an infant seems to be healthy, but dies usually while sleeping, for no other reason, it is called Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
•Highest risk is at 2 to 4 months; 91% occur between 1 and 6 months of age.
•SIDS is sometimes called “crib death.”
•No one can predict which infants will die from SIDS.
•There is no known prevention for SIDS.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
Infants who die of SIDS:
•Do Not cry out
•Do Not suffocate or choke
•Do Not suffer
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
•Caused by spitting up, choking or smothering
•Caused by child abuse/neglect
•Contagious
•Caused by immunizations
•Caused by external suffocation
•The cause of every unexpected infant death
•Caused by co-sleeping
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
Triple Risk SIDS TheoryHannah C. Kinney, Harvard Medical School, Boston
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Triple Risk SIDS TheoryHannah C. Kinney, Harvard Medical School, Boston
Infant Physiologic ResponsesArousal response deficitSubtle brainstem dysfunctionSlow development
External Stress Factors•Sleep position•Bedding•Temperature•Season•Swaddling•Smoking•Drug use•Minor respiratory symptoms•Poverty•Limited prenatal care
Development (autonomic nervous system)2-4 months – most unstable4-6 months – decreasing instability
SIDS
Infant PhysiologicResponses
DevelopmentExternal Stress
Factors
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
“Healthy term infants should
sleep wholly on their back as
the safest sleep position.”
"Positioning and SIDS: Update,” Pediatrics, Vol. 98, No. 6, December 1996
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Revised - 0408
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Revised – 12/08
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
We don’t recommend this…
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
How to Create a Safe Sleep Environment
•Place baby on his/her back to sleep at nighttime and naptime
•Place baby on a firm tight-fitting mattress in safety approved crib
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
Creating Safe Sleep
If using a blanket, put baby with feet at the foot of the crib. Tuck a thin blanket around the crib mattress, reaching only as far as the baby's chest.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Remove all fluffy andloose bedding from the sleep area
These include: Pillows Quilts Comforters Sheepskins Stuffed toys Other soft products
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Sleeping Safely
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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Placed: Placed down on right side
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Found: Prone face/nose down
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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Placed: Placed down on right side, head resting on right arm
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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Found: Prone, head turned slightly to right
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Placed: down on left side with use of wedge04/20/23
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Found: rolled forward & face down 04/20/23
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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•Make sure the baby's head remains uncovered during sleep.
•There should one infant per crib.
Safe Sleep
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC. Safe Sleep
04/20/23
Consider using a wearable sleeper or
other sleep clothing as an alternative to
blankets.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC. Safe Sleep
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•Dress the baby in light sleep clothing
•Keep the room at a temperature that is comfortable for an adult (68º-72º)
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
Encourage the use of a fan to keep the room well ventilated.
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S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
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Encourage Breastfeeding
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
No smoking around infants
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•Go outside to smoke
•Wear an overcoat
•Removed the overcoat upon return
•Exposure to smoke in a room where babies sleep, is linked to an increased risk of SIDS.
S DSNETWORK OF KANSAS, INC.
04/20/23
•Is needed to develop strong muscles
•Is for babies who are awake and being observed
•Offered 2 to 3 times a day and increase the amount as the baby becomes stronger.
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