when should ipm be implemented?. sampling intention absolute numbersabsolute numbers relative...

When Should IPM be Implemented?

Sampling IntentionSampling Intention

• Absolute NumbersAbsolute Numbers

• Relative NumbersRelative Numbers

-Sampling from air

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Sampling from vegetationSampling from vegetation

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Sampling from soil and litter Sampling from soil and litter

Extracting Samples FromThe Soil or from Leaf Litter

Mark and Recapture

• Lincoln Index

P=an/r

P: Total population size

a: Individuals marked and released

n: Total individuals taken in recapture sample

r: Marked individuals recaptured

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Visual searches Visual searches

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Sweep-net catch Sweep-net catch

Shaking and beatingShaking and beating

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

D-vacD-vac

Sampling Methods

Malaise traps

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Windowpane trapsWindowpane traps

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Sticky trapsSticky traps

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Pitfall trapsPitfall traps

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Visual trapsVisual traps

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Traps using attractantsTraps using attractants

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

Insect ProductsInsect Products

Sampling MethodsSampling Methods

• Plant DamagePlant Damage

- Direct pestsDirect pests

- Indirect pestIndirect pest

Direct PestsDirect Pests

Indirect PestsIndirect Pests

Measuring leaf damageMeasuring leaf damage

• Decision-making sampling

• Parameter-estimation

UniformUniform

ClumpedClumped

RandomRandom

When to Apply a Control Action?When to Apply a Control Action?

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