women profile and gender analysis in treatment data unodc data

WOMEN PROFILE AND GENDER ANALYSIS IN TREATMENT DATAUNODC DATA

Substance abuse treatment and care for women

• booklet based on case studies and lessons learned• to be published soon• EMCDDA collaboration

Women using drugs

• 10% in some Asian societies• 20% in former Soviet Union and Latin America• 40% in North America and some European countries• convergence is rates of use among young men and women• increasing rates of use among women in some European

countries• women are more likely to use pharmaceutical drugs (highest

rates in North America and Europe and among older women)

Global data collection instruments

Instruments ARQ (drug abuse situation) BRQ (action plans and measures adopted)

Data Collected Annually Biennially

Content Prevalence, IDU, severe drug abuse, treatment, morbidity, mortality.

Structures, method of working, target populations, coverage.

Information

Coverage

Quantitative estimates and summary expert opinions

100-120 countries

Expert judgement on extent and coverage of demand reduction activities

100-120 countries

ANNUAL REPORTS QUESTIONNAIRE (ARQ)on Drug Abuse

• To review the progress made in meeting the

challenges set out in the Political Declaration

adopted by the General Assembly

• To monitor and increase global understanding of

the extent and nature of drug abuse

ANNUAL REPORTS QUESTIONNAIRE (ARQ) TREATMENT DEMAND

• Quantitative Estimates

– Estimated number of people receiving treatment– Percentage of people receiving treatment for first time ever– Percentage of females– Mean age– Percentage of drug injectors– Definition of “people treated for drug problems”

% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR ANY DRUGS REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

AFRICA AMERICAS ASIA EUROPE

2001 2002 2003

% OF WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR HEROIN REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0

30,0

AFRICA AMERICAS ASIA EUROPE

2001 2002 2003

% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR COCAINE REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

AFRICA AMERICAS EUROPE

2001 2002 2003

% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT FOR CANNABIS REGIONAL AVERAGES 2001-2003

0,05,0

10,015,020,025,030,035,040,0

AFRICA AMERICAS ASIA EUROPE

2001 2002 2003

% WOMEN ASKING TREATMENT IN EUROPE BY DRUGS 2001-2003

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

ANYDRUGS

HEROIN

COCAINE

CANNABIS

AMPHETAMINE

ECSTASY

2003

2002

2001

BIENNIAL REPORTS QUESTIONNAIRE (BRQ)on Demand Reduction Activities• Mandated follow-up instrument of the UNGASS process

• To enable Member States to report on the progress

achieved in meeting the UNGASS objectives for 2003

and 2008

• To monitor structures, methods of working, target

population, extent and coverage of programmes,

difficulties encountered

Global overview (n=115 countries)Implementation of gender-sensitive approach inTreatment and Rehabilitation (% of countries reporting activities) (Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

0 20 40 60 80 100

% of countries reporting activities

Social reintegration

Non-pharmacological treatment

Substitution treatment

Detoxification

Gender-sensitive approach in Detoxification (% of all responding countries)(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Africa Americas Asia Europe

% o

f re

spon

ding

cou

ntrie

s

General and psychiatric hospitals Correctional institutions Specialized residential treatment

Gender-sensitive approach in Substitution Treatment (% of all responding countries) (Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Africa Americas Asia Europe

% o

f re

spon

ding

cou

ntrie

s

General and psychiatric hospitals Correctional institutions Specialized residential treatment

Gender-sensitive approach in Non-Pharmacological Treatment (% of all responding countries) (Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Africa Americas Asia Europe

% o

f re

spon

ding

cou

ntrie

s

General and psychiatric hospitals Correctional institutions Specialized residential treatment

Gender-sensitive approach inSocial Reintegration (% of all responding countries) (Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

0

20

40

60

80

100

Africa Americas Asia Europe

% o

f re

spo

nd

ing

co

un

trie

s

Social services Correctional institutions Specialized residential treatment

Established national guidelines in 2000-02 forTreatment services (% of countries)(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

46,2

77,8 75 75

0

20

40

60

80

100

Africa Americas Asia Europe

% o

f re

sp

on

din

g c

ou

ntr

ies

Existence of national database in 2000-02 onTreatment Programmes (% of countries)(Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

30,8

55,650

56,3

16,7

41,2

4,3

50

0

20

40

60

80

100

Africa Americas Asia Europe

% o

f res

pond

ing

coun

trie

s

Maintained Linked to regional/international drug information systems

Gender-sensitivity inTreatment and Rehabilitation (Source: UNODC Biennial Reports Questionnaire, reporting cycle 2000-2002)

• Gender-sensitive approach in the area of treatment and rehabilitation was implemented by 10-20% of countries in 2000-02

• No major regional differences in coverage

• Gender to be considered together with other factors such as age and social, cultural and geographical marginalization