women shaping the world: women and globes

Women Shaping the World: Women Globe Makers

Judith TynerNACIS

October 2016

The LiteratureStephenson, E.L. (1921) Terrestrial and Celestial Globes: Their History and Construction

Yong, Ena (1968) Catalog of Early Globes

Lister, Ramond (1965, 1979) Maps and Globes

Dekker, Elly and Peter van der Krogt, (1993) Globes of the Western World.

Sumira, Silvia (2014) Globes: 400 Years of Exploration, Navigation and Power.

Warner, Deborah Jean (1987) “The Geography of Heaven and Earth” Rittenhouse

Globe Use through History

Scientific InstrumentEducational ToolSymbol of Power and WealthToy

Women’s Roles in Globemaking

PublishersPedagogues and Inventors StudentsProduction

PublishersWives, Widows and Daughters

Senex GlobeMary Senex took over her

husband’s firm on his death in 1840 and ran it until 1855.

David Rumsey Website

Please to send me … “a pair of Mrs. Senex’s improv’d Globes, recommended in the Transactions of the Royal Society, (or Neal’s improv’d Globes, if thought better than Senex’s) the best and largest that may be had for (not exceeding) Eight Guineas.” Benjamin Franklin, June 20, 1752“The …Globes also came out well; but we think Mrs. Senex has impos’d on us in the Price of the Globes, there being 2 pair in this Town of the same Size and the same Prints, both bought at the same Shop, for 6 Guineas the pair. Please to speak to her about it.” Benjamin Franklin, Nov. 16, 1752

From Benjamin Franklin to William Strahan:

Cushee GlobeElizabeth Cushee inherited her husband’s business in 1732

Edith Putnam Parker, 1939

Pedagogues and Inventors

Textbook on Globes

David Rumsey Website

Astronomy Textbook

Courtesy Westtown School

Elizabeth Oram,Globe Patent, 1831

“ As this instrument is the invention of a lady, we will, of course allow her to tell her story in her own way, without any animadiversions of ours, which might mar the narrative, or involve us in inextricable difficulties.”

Ellen Eliza Fitz, 1875 Patent

Fitz Globe

Miss Cowley Dissected Paper Globe, 1785

Mrs. Johnstone’s dissected paper globe, 1812

Image, the Whipple Museum

Marie Tharp Globe

Students

Samuel Gummere, Astronomy, 1822 , Courtesy Westtown School

Student GlobeElizabeth Mount 1822

Yale Library

Schoolgirl MapCaroline Chester, Litchfield Academy, 1822Schoolgirl maps were quite professional in appearance

Silk globe, Inked names, graticule and outlines in silk thread

Rachel Cope globe, 1816, courtesy the Leslie Family

Celestial Globe, courtesy Chester County Historical Society

“A” for Graticule“F” for Geography

Production“It is obvious…that few of the ‘makers’ to whom we attribute globes actually worked with their hands. They were, for the

most part, coordinators of teams which included geographers and/or astronomers who supplied the information, cartographers

who drew maps on the separate gores, engravers, printers, people who made the globe balls, women with nimble fingers who pasted the gores onto the balls, people who colored the

maps, inventors who devised the stands, and metalworkers and woodworkers who made them.” (Warner, 1987, p. 20)

Globe makers ca. 1940s

Women at Rand McNally

Bellerby Globes

Thank YouJudith.Tyner@csulb.edu