work sheets

*TASK* Look at the diagrams below and explain what you see happening.

Diagram 1Biceps Contract

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Diagram 2Triceps Contract

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*TASK* On the diagrams below label the following features:

Muscles Agonist (Prime Mover) Antagonist Origin Insertion The bones

Diagram 1 - Extension of the arm at the elbow

Diagram 2 - Flexion of the arm at the elbow

TASK* On the diagrams below label the following features:

Muscles Agonist (Prime Mover) Antagonist Origin Insertion The bones

Exam Style Questions

1. Which of these pairs of muscles is an antagonistic pair?

A Gastrocnemius / Hamstring B Deltoid / Pectorals C Bicep / Tricep D Abdominals / Intercostals

2. When contracting, the hamstrings muscle:

A Straightens the arm at the elbow B Bends the leg at the knee C Points the toes D Flexes the abdomen

3. A synergist is:

A. A muscle which creates stability during an antagonists contraction B. A muscle which allows fine muscle control during an antagonists contraction C. The prime mover in an antagonistic muscle contraction D. Another name for an agonistic muscle

4. The point of attachment of a muscle to the stationary bone is called the

A. Tendon B. Insertion C. Connection D. Origin

5. Two of the following muscles act as a antagonist pair, name the these two muscles. Bicep Hamstring Pectoral Trapezius Quadriceps ___________________________________________________________________

6. Explain the term antagonistic pair. (1 mark) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. The ability to perform the shot put is partially dependant on the performers ability to create a powerful push action from the upper arm.

a) Name the muscle of the upper arm which works as the agonist or prime mover muscle in the shot putt

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b) Explain how the muscles contracts (5 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How do muscles work

Muscles work in pairs to contract and relax, which muscle is contracting and which is relaxing?Identify which is the agonist and which is the antagonist What is the synergist?

Machine Diagram AgonistContracting

AntagonistRelaxing

Synergist

Tricep Dip

Bicep Curl

Hamstring curl

Leg extension

Muscle that CONTRACTS gets shorter and is the AGONIST Muscle that is RELAXING gets longer and is the ANTAGONIST SYNERGIST are the muscles which assist in stabilising the joint

Major muscles of the body

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