amv@mvhs regular –ar verb conjugation one of the most important grammar presentations you will...
TRANSCRIPT
AMV@MVHS
Regular –AR Verb Conjugation
One of the most important grammar
presentations you will have this school year.
IN PRETERITE TENSE
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Conjugation… what is it?
The act of assigning a to an infinitive.
SUBJECT
Infinitives… remember those?
They show ACTION ONLY
and end in
-IR-ER
-AR
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The verbs we are conjugating are REGULAR verbs.
PATTERN.
These verbs are considered “regular” because they follow a
However, the “pattern” is new. We are switching tenses, from speaking about
the present to speaking about THE PAST.
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Preterite tense is our the third verb tense.
Let’s explore the others….
Para ejercicio, yo camino todos los días.
For exercise, I walk every day.
PRESENT TENSE
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Estoy caminando al trabajo ahora.
I am walking to work now.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
TENSEESTAR = -ANDO / -IENDO
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Yo caminé a mi perro esta mañana y ahora tengo sueño.
I walked my dog this morning and now I am sleepy.
PRETERITE TENSE
indicating the past
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Pause for Practice
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Saquen sus “libritos de notas” y ábranlos a la página 1.
Van a tomar notas de página 1 a página 4 este capítulo.
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Yo
Tú (familiar)
Usted (polite)
ÉlElla
NosotrosNosotras
VosotrosVosotras
(used in Spain)
Ustedes
EllosEllas
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-AMOS
-ARON-Ó
-ASTE
-É
-ASTEIS
Regular –AR Preterite Endings
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Let’s look at an example…
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NOSOTROS NOSOTRAS
Uds.ELLOS ELLAS
ÉLELLA Ud.
TÚ
YO
VOSOTROS VOSOTRAS
NADAR – TO SWIM
NADARÉ
NADARASTE
NADARÓ
NADARAMOS
NADARASTEIS
NADARARON
I swam.
You swam.
He/She swam. / You swam. They swam. / You (all) swam
You (all) swam.
We swam.
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Hablar – to speak
Hablamos
Hablasteis
Hablaron
Hablé
Hablaste
Habló
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Ducharse – to shower
Nos duchamos
Os duchasteis
Se ducharon
Me duché
Te duchaste
Se duchó
Note that even though the verb has been conjugated in a new tense, the use of the reflexive pronoun is still the same.
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Pause for Practice
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-IMOS
-IERON-IÓ
-ISTE
-Í
-ISTEIS
Regular –ER/-IR Preterite Endings
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Let’s look at an example…
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NOSOTROS NOSOTRAS
Uds.ELLOS ELLAS
ÉLELLA Ud.
TÚ
YO
VOSOTROS VOSOTRAS
COMER – TO EAT
COMERÍ
COMERISTE
COMERIÓ
COMERIMOS
COMERISTEIS
COMERIERON
I ate.
You ate.
He/She ate. / You ate. They ate. / You (all) ate.
You (all) ate.
We ate.
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Correr – to run
Corrimos
Corristeis
Corrieron
Corrí
Corriste
Corrió
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Compartir – to share
Compartimos
Compartisteis
Compartieron
Compartí
Compartiste
Compartió
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Pause for Practice
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But… we haven’t talked about stem-
changing verbs.
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Like reflexive verbs, stem-changing verbs are a “type” of
verb and exist in all verb tenses.
HOWEVER… to stem-change in preterite tense, the verb has
to meet certain conditions.
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1) The stem-changing verb has to be an –IR infinitive.
2) The subject has to use a 3rd person ending.
DIVERTIR
COMPETIR
REPETIR
VESTIRSERVIR
PEDIR
X X
DORMIR
MORIR
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PROBARSE – to try on
Nos probamos
Os probasteis
Se probaron
Me probé
Te probaste
Se probó
PROBARSE is NOT an –IR verb and, therefore, will not stem-change.
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ENTENDER – to understand
Entendimos
Entendisteis
Entendieron
Entendí
Entendiste
Entendió
ENTENDER is NOT an –IR verb and, therefore, will not stem-change.
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DORMIR – to sleep
Dormimos
Dormisteis
Durmieron
Dormí
Dormiste
Durmió
DORMIR IS an –IR verb and, therefore, will stem-change, but only in 3rd person.
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Pause for Practice
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Vamos a practicar.
Necesitan una pizarrita, un borrador y un
marcador.
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NADAR - yo
NADÉ
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CREAR - nosotros
CREAMOS
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ESCRIBIR (usted)
ESCRIBIÓ
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DIBUJAR - tú
DIBUJASTE
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CANTAR - ellos
CANTARON
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VER (ellos)
VIERON
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LLAMAR (nosotros)
LLAMAMOS
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BEBER (yo)
BEBÍ
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There are clue words that indicate that the action took
place in the past and will use the preterite tense. Translate as
many of these words as you can.
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These “helper” words include:
• Ayer• Anoche• Esta mañana• La semana pasada• El mes pasado• El año pasado• Anteayer
• Yesterday• Last night• This morning• Last week• Last month• Past year• The day before
yesterday
Please write them in your purple P/I booklet on page 17.
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Besides those stem-changers, which we will cover in-depth at a
later time, there are other spelling changes that take place.
The first set are those verbs that end in…
-GAR -ZAR-CAR
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Saquen sus “libritos de notas” y ábranlos a la página 3.
Van a tomar más notas.
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For –GAR verbs, the “G” changes to “GU”…
… but only in the YO form.
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JUGAR – to play
Jugamos
Jugasteis
Jugaron
Jugué
Jugaste
Jugó
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Other –GAR verbs include:
• LLEGAR
• PAGAR
• OBLIGAR
• NAVEGAR
• to arrive
• to pay
• to force
• to navegate
Choose two verbs from the list and conjugate on page 4 in the top two boxes.
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For –CAR verbs, the “C” changes to “QU”…
… but only in the YO form.
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BUSCAR – to look for
Buscamos
Buscasteis
Buscaron
Busqué
Buscaste
Buscó
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Other –CAR verbs include:
• SACAR
• PRACTICAR
• CALIFICAR
• EXPLICAR
• TOCAR
• to take (out)
• to practice
• to grade
• to explain
• to playChoose two verbs from the list and conjugate on
page 4 in the middle two boxes.
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For –ZAR verbs, the “Z” changes to “C”…
… but only in the YO form.
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ALMORZAR – to have lunch
Almorzamos
Almorzasteis
Almorzaron
Almorcé
Almorzaste
Almorzó
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Other –ZAR verbs include:
• EMPEZAR
• COMENZAR
• ORGANIZAR
• TROPEZAR
• to begin, start
• to commence
• to organize
• to trip (over)
Choose two verbs from the list and conjugate on page 4 in the bottom two boxes.
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Vamos a practicar.
Necesitan una pizarrita, un borrador y un
marcador.
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LLEGAR - yo
LLEGUÉ
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COMENZAR - yo
COMENCÉ
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TROPEZAR - yo
TROPECÉ
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CALIFICAR - yo
CALIFIQUÉ
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PAGAR - yo
PAGUÉ
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So… what do you remember?
• When is preterite tense used?• Which two types of infinitives share a box?• Which two forms of NADAR have accents on
them?• What is the only kind of infinitive that will
stem-change in preterite tense?• -GARs, -CARs and –ZARs have spelling changes
in only which form?• In a –ZAR verb, what does the “Z” change to?