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AN ANALYSIS ON PIP’S CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT

THROUGH PLOT IN DICKEN’S GREAT EXPECTATIONS

THESIS

Submitted to the English Department To Fulfill Partial Requirements

For the Degree of Sarjana Sastra

BY:

ELA SUTRIYATININGSIH

392014533

THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

SATYA WACANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

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APPROVAL PAGES

This thesis about An analysis on Pip’s character development in

Dickens’ Great Expectations has been defended before the language and

Literature Examination of Satya Wacana Christian University Salatiga at:

Day : Friday

Date : 23 January 2015

Place at : G1

It has already been accepted as a partial requirement for degree of

Sarjana Sastra.

Examiner I Examiner II

(Deta Maria Sri Darta, S.Pd., M. Hum) (Ervin Suryaningsih, S.S., M. Hum)

Advisor,

(Anna Sri Astuti, S.Pd., M. Hum)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Great thanks to Allah SWT for all blessing and mighty, so that I

have done the thesis well.

I would like to thank to all people who had helped her in carrying

out this thesis . For all the encouragements, supports, guidance, help, and

attention, the writer would like to thank to :

1. My beloved parents for the endless love, pray and support

2. My husband. Thank you for your motivation and attention to me.

3. My brother for his kindness and giving support.

4. Ibu Anna Sri Astuti, S.Pd., M. Hum as the advisor who has given

advise, motivation and guided me patiently in writing the script.

5. Ibu Deta Maria Sri Darta, S.Pd., M. Hum and Ibu Ervin

Suryaningsih, S.S., M. Hum as the examiners for their valuable

corrections and suggestions.

6. All lecturers and staffs for learning process and help and

togetherness all this time.

7. For all people who can not be mentioned one by one for the support

and the help so that the writer could finish this thesis well.

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ABSTRAK

Di dalam kehidupan ini, siapapun mempunyai impian di dalam hidupnya. Salah satunya adalah ingin menjadi kaya sehingga dapat menaikkan derajat sosial kita.

Sastra dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan sesuatu yang terjadi di kehidupan nyata. Ini berarti bahwa apa yang kita temukan di dalam karya sastra adalah gambaran dari kehidupan nyata sehingga kita bisa belajar darinya. Skripsi ini menganalisis sebuah novel karya Charles Dickens yang berjudul Great Expectations. Berdasarkan novel tersebut, penulis menemukan dua permasalahan yang menjadi objek dalam penelitian ini. Permasalahan pertama adalah menemukan peristiwa-peristiwa yang dialami Pip untuk menyusun plot. Dan permasalahan kedua adalah menemukan perubahan karakter Pip melalui plot.

Novel ini bercerita tentang seaorang anak yatim piatu yang tinggal bersama kakak perempuannya dan iparnya. Ia bernama Pip. Pip digambarkan sebagai karakter yang dinamis karena di awal cerita karakteristiknya adalah orang yang miskin dan baik hati kemudian berkembang menjadi orang kaya yang sombong di masa pertumbuhannya. Tetapi pada saat memasuki kedewasaanya, dia berubah menjadi orang yang baik hati lagi seperti di awal cerita.

Di dalam cerita ini, banyak tokoh yang mempengaruhi perkembangan karakteristik Pip. Diantaranya Joe dan Estella. Joe digambarkan sebagai orang yang sederhana dan baik hati, menghantarkan Pip sebagai seorang anak yang baik di awal cerita dan menjadi sadar atas kesalahannya karena telah berbuat tidak baik kepada Joe di saat Pip menjadi seorang gentleman. Sedangkan Estella, menjadikan Pip sebagai orang yang berambisi untuk menjadi seorang gentleman supaya cintanya diterima oleh Estella.

Akhir kata, saya berharap bahwa pembaca dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka terutama mahasiswa sastra UKSW.

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ABSTRACT

Anyone has dreams in this life. One of them is the desire to be rich so it can rise our social status.

Literature can be used to describe the things happen in reality. It means that something we find from literature is a reflection of reality, so we can learn from it. This thesis analyzes a novel Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. Based on that novel, the writer finds two problems which as an object in this study. First problem is to find out events and conflicts experienced by Pip that makes up the plot and the second problem is to find out Pip’s character development through plot.

This novel tells about an orphan who lives with his sister and brother in law. His name is Pip. He has development in characteristics because in the beginning of the story, his characteristic is a poor and kind person then develops to become an arrogant rich person in growing up. But, he becomes a kind person again as in the beginning of the story when he enters his adult.

In this story, there are many characters who influence Pip’s character development. Such as, Joe and Estella. Joe makes Pip to realize that Joe who cares of him although Pip has bad behaviour to Joe when Pip becomes rich and a gentleman. While Estella, bringing Pip into being an ambitious person to become a gentleman so that his love is accepted by Estella.

Finally, I hope that readers can improve their knowledge especially to the students of Satya Wacana Christian University who are studying literature.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ................................................................................... i

APPROVAL PAGE ........................................................................ ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................. iii

ABSTRACT ..................................................................................... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................. vi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................. 1

1.1. Background of the Study ................................................. 1

1.2. Problem Formulation ...................................................... 3

1.3. Objective of the Study ..................................................... 3

1.4. Scope of the Study ........................................................... 3

1.5. Significance of the Study ................................................ 4

1.6. Definition of Terms ......................................................... 4

CHAPTER II THEORITECAL REVIEW ............................ 6

2.1. Review of Related Studies .............................................. 6

2.2. Review of Related Theories ............................................ 7

2.2.1. Plot ................................................................................. 7

2.2.1.1 Plot Structure .................................................................... 8

1. Exposition .................................................................... 8

2. Rising Action or Complication ..................................... 8

3. Climax or Crisis ........................................................... 9

4. Falling Action .............................................................. 9

5. Resolution .................................................................... 9

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2.2.2 Character and Characterization ....................................... 9

2.2.3 Character Development ................................................... 11

2.3 Theoretical Framework .................................................... 12

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ................................... 15

3.1. Object of the Study .............................................................. 16

3.2. Approach of the Study ......................................................... 16

3.3. Methods of the Study ........................................................... 16

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ....... 18

4.1. Events and Conflicts are experienced by Pip ....................... 18

4.1.1. Exposition ............................................................................. 18

a. Pip meets Magwitch ........................................................ 19

b. Pip is brought up by his sister and her husband .............. 20

c. Pip meets Estella at first time .......................................... 21

4.1.2. Rising Action or Complication ............................................. 21

a. Pip returns to Miss Havisham ......................................... 22

b. Pip is accompanied Joe when he goes to Miss Havisham 23

c. Pip meets Mr. Jagger ....................................................... 24

d. Pip goes to London ........................................................... 24

4.1.3 Climax or Crisis ................................................................... 26

a. Pip knows his benefactor ................................................ 26

b. Pip goes to Satis House to confront Miss Havisham ....... 27

4.1.4. Falling Action ....................................................................... 28

a. Pip helps Magwitch to escape London ............................. 28

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4.1.5. Resolution ............................................................................. 29

a. Pip is in debt and falls ill .................................................. 29

b. Pip encounters Estella ...................................................... 31

4.2. Pip’s Characteristics ............................................................. 31

4.2.1. Exposition ............................................................................. 31

a. Caring ............................................................................... 31

b. Unambitious ..................................................................... 32

4.2.2. Rising ................................................................................... 32

a. Caring .............................................................................. 32

b. Ambitious ......................................................................... 33

c. Persistent ......................................................................... . 33

d. Arrogant .......................................................................... . 34

e. Selfish .............................................................................. 35

f. Snobbish .......................................................................... 35

4.2.3 Climax or Crisis ................................................................... 35

a. Unrealistic ...................................................................... 35

4.2.4. Falling Action ....................................................................... 36

a. Caring .............................................................................. 36

4.2.5. Resolution ............................................................................ 37

a. Realistic .......................................................................... 37

4.3 Pip’s Characteristics which Experience Development ......... 37

4.4 Pip’s Characteristic which does not Experienced Development 39

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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION ....................................................... 40

5.1. The Events are experienced by Pip ...................................... 40

5.2. Pip’s Characteristics which Experienced Development ........ 41

5.3. Pip’s Characteristic which does not Experienced Development 41

REFERENCES .............................................................................. 42

APPENDIX ........................................................................................ 44

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APPENDIX

The Synopsis of the Story

The story of the novel centres on growing up of the orphan

protagonist Philip Pirrip calls Pip who lives with his sister and her husband

Joe. It begins at Christmas in a churchyard where Pip encounters an escaped

convict. This man makes Pip to steal some foods and a file for him under

threat of hurting him. However, when the convict is captured, he confesses

that it is him who steals all the things. Some time later, Pip is invited to

Satis House by Miss Havisham to play with her daughter Estella. There, he

also meets Herbert Pocket who then becomes his close friend. As a reward

for the service, Miss Havisham pays some money to Joe to have Pip as an

apprentice. This is a disappointment for Pip because he hopes that she will

make him a gentleman. Afterwards, they are visited by Mr. Jaggers, a

lawyer from London, who informs them that Pip has ‘great expectations’

from an unknown benefactor and is to be educated as a gentleman in the

capital. There, Pip begins to live with Herbert Pocket, the boy he meet at

Satis House before, and whose father, Mr. Jagger, becomes Pip’s tutor.

Moreover, he makes friends with a clerk from Mr. Jaggers’s office,

Wemmick. Although he behaves well and generously to his friends in the

city, at the same moment, he tries to forget all about his family in the

country and when Joe visits him the boy feels ashamed of his brother-in-

law. Later on, Pip is invited by Miss Havisham to visit her and meets

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Estella, who educates in France, and he then accompanies the girl to

Richmond where she is to be introduced into the society. On the basis of

various signs, Pip believes that the benefactor is Miss Havisham who wants

him to marry Estella one day. However, the girl uses him only to evoke

jealousy in other men who court her. Before he comes of age, Pip’s sister

dies. Then one night his benefactor visits the young man. It is revealed that

it is Abel Magwitch, the escaped convict whom he meets in the beginning of

the novel. Nevertheless, he prohibites the return to England under the

penalty of death and so Pip with Herbert hide the man and make up a plan to

get him to safety. But, Magwitch is captured and finally dies of the injury

before being executed. At this time, Pip also finds out that Estella is

Magwitch’s daughter. Pip has many debts and falls very ill. During this

period, Joe comes to help Pip and also pays all the debts. At this point,

Pip finally realizes how badly he behaves and comes to visit Joe who

marries Biddy. Pip sells everything to pay the debts and leaves with Herbert

to work in his company in the East. The novel ends eleven years later when

on his return home, Pip meets Estella and they reconcile.