an environmental catchment management information system summary catchis team: cranfield: steve...
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An environmental catchment management information system
Summary
CatchIS team:
Cranfield: Steve Hallett, Jack Hannam, Ann HoldenADAS: Chris Fawcett, Chris Procter
www.catchis.com
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Regular diffuse applicationRegular diffuse application Pesticides Nitrates Phosphates
Regulatory environment Cost of treatment Price controlWho pays the billWho pays the bill ??
Generic substances entering and affecting water abstraction source
Water Framework Directive
Nitrates DirectiveWater Act
Regulation & legislationRegulation & legislation
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“With dense populations and competing land uses, the interaction of land and water is extremely important and is increasingly recognised in law. The ability to manage these complex relationships at the river catchment level is key. CatchIS provides a set of powerful tools to address this.”
Severn Trent Water Ltd.
A tool underpinning Water Framework DirectiveFollows ten years of development
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CatchIS and theWater Framework Directive
Urban wastewaterNitratesPesticidesIPPCSludge to land
INPUT CONTROL USE
RELATEDDrinking waterBathing waterHabitats
Dangerous substancesGroundwater
Water Framework
Directive
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
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CatchIS Overview
Main Features: Runs leading water quality risk
assessment models Models operate on a range of
areas of interest Scenario-based decision support Leading-edge GIS framework Easy to use Reporting and data export Tried and tested tool
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Pesticide Risk Assessment
1. Seasonal exposure assessment
a) Top ten pesticides
b) Catchment threshold exceedance
2. Pesticide-specific assessment
a) Catchment threshold exceedance
b) Groundwater boreholes
3. Identification of catchmenthot-spots
a) Surface water hotspots
b) Ground water hotspots
3 ways to run pesticide risk assessment:
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Modelling decision tree for CatchIS
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Data Sources Soils (Cranfield University) Predictive Pesticide Usage (ADAS) Surface water catchments (EA) Soil, climate, land use (EDL) Groundwater boreholes and SPZ (EA) NVZ, NSA Pesticide compound property database Integration of client data within GIS
Soils
Boreholes
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Climate Data
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Climate Change Data
Yearly Spread - Chlorothalonil on Wheat for Derwent to confluence with EcclesbourneWeather Data = 2050 - High Distributed
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Year
Flo
w (
m³/
S)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n (
ng
/l)
Mean flows (m³/S) Base flows (m³/S) Mean Pesticide conc (ng/l) Peak Pesticide conc (ng/l)
30 year Future Climate Data for UK-CIP:
2020 Low
2020 Medium High
2050 Medium High
2050 High
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Model Development State-of-the-art pesticide fate models comprehensively validated at national and
regional levels – Surface Water. (2,000 individual analyses; 160 catchment-pesticide combinations: 29 catchments; 16 pesticides)
Brown et al, 2000
EA pesticide monitoring data
Isoproturon
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Model Development
State-of-the-art pesticide fate models comprehensively validated at national and regional levels - Groundwater
Measured (EA) Modelled (CatchIS)
Isoproturon
Holman et al, 2000
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Pesticide-specific risk assessment:The Ugie catchment (Voluntary Initiative, 2005/6)
IPU concentration in the first drain event after application
0
5
10
15
20
25
High risk Medium risk Low risk
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n
g L
-1
Total Estimated IPU Washout - As a Percentage of the Total Applied
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
G B C F H & J M Mean L N P Mean R & V T Mean
% o
f A
pp
lie
d I
PU
High Risk
Medium Risk
Low Risk
Model Validation
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Ugie leaching theory proven by computers
TESTS conducted on water entering watercourses from field drains in the River Ugie catchment area have confirmed the output of a computer model produced at Cranfield University which predicts the degree of leaching of the residual cereal herbicide Isoproturon from soil.
The tests were conducted by John Littlejohn in his capacity as project promotion officer for the Voluntary Initiative (VI) River Ugie Catchment Project.
Mr Littlejohn said: "It was important that we were able to validate the theory behind the model as it gives us greater confidence when promoting our recommendations for the use of Isoproturon this coming season, as these are based around the model's predictions of the leaching potential of the various soils in the catchment.“
In its calculations the computer model takes into account the type and properties of the soil, local climate and several physical and chemical aspects of the herbicide before classifying the leaching potential of the soil. The classes are high, where leaching levels are expected to be very significant; medium, where leaching will be less severe; and low, where leaching is not anticipated to occur to any significant degree.
In the current study Isoproturon tests, on water from drains covering the three soil classifications, confirmed that Isoproturon leaching following the predicted pattern.
Scottish Water takes water from the River Ugie, which it treats at its Forehill Water Treatment Works, prior to distribution to Peterhead and the surrounding rural area. Drinking water is subject to a regulatory limit of 0.1microgrammes per litre for pesticides.
To enable Isoproturon levels to stay under the limit the River Ugie Catchment Committee has produced advice to farmers and sprayers on the use of the herbicide in the catchment.
http://www.buchanie.co.uk/archived/2006/week_38/news/ugie.asp
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Flexibility
The fundamental design of CatchIS lends flexibility to extension and adaptation of datasets and models
Open-philosophy to model development – it is NOT a ‘black box’
Client-led developments Expert scientific and technical support
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Selecting Area of Interest
Areas of Interest based on user held data, but could include:
EA Catchments Water framework Directive and CSF catchments Nitrate Sensitive Areas Nitrate Vulnerable Areas Ground Water Abstraction points User defined area
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ADAS Pesticide Usage Data
Developed using two unique data sources:ADAS 1Km² agricultural census dataLocal crop rotations and pesticide usage data
from ADAS experts Combined using GIS
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ADAS Pesticide Usage Data
1Km² Agricultural Census DataDistribution of all crops reported in censusDeveloped from Defra’s highest resolution
dataSupplemented by other datasets (including
CEH Landcover, OS Vector mapping)
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1Km² Agricultural Census Data
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ADAS Expert Input
Local Field walkers and agronomists provide:Pesticide usage statistics by catchmentLocal crop rotations by catchment (to
augment the ADAS 1Km² agricultural census)6 monthly updates to account for inter-annual
variation
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Application data
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Combination of Data Sources
Agricultural Census data modified using local rotations
Distribution of the catchment scale pesticide usage statistics over the modified 1Km² census data
Combination carried out in GIS providing mapped output
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Crop-compound application data
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Other CatchIS OptionsYearly Spread - Isoproturon on Wheat for Maun to Conjure Alders
Weather Data = 2020 - Low Distributed
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Year
Flo
w (
m³/
S)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
ng
/l)
Mean flows (m³/S) Base flows (m³/S) Mean Pesticide conc (ng/l) Peak Pesticide conc (ng/l)
2020 LOW
Nitrates
Phosphates
Climate Change
SedimentErosion
Leakage and Asset Management
Yearly Spread - Nitrate for Upper Severn
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Year
Flo
w (
ml/
da
y)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Nit
rate
NO
3 C
on
ce
ntr
ati
on
(m
g/l
)
Mean flows (ml/day) Base flows (ml/day) Nitrate NO3 conc (mg/l)