An ICN Testbed on APAN

Content  

•  Introduction of ICN •  Research Activities & Projects •  ICN Approaches

Ø  eXpressive Internet Architecture (XIA)

•  Introduce SDN to ICN •  Global ICN Testbed •  Conclusion and Future Plans

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Introduction  of  ICN  

Internet-­‐based  Content  

•  The Internet plays a central role in our society Ø Work and business, education, entertainment, social life, …

•  The vast majority of interactions relate to content access §  P2P overlays (e.g. BitTorrent, eMule, live streaming) §  Media aggregators (e.g. YouTube, GoogleVideo) §  Over-the-top video (e.g. Hulu, iPlayer) §  Content Delivery Networks (e.g. Akamai, Limelight) §  Social Networks (e.g. Facebook, MySpace) §  Photo sharing sites (e.g. Picasa, Flickr)

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Global  IP  Video  Traffic  Growth  

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•  IP video will account for 73% of Traffic in 2017

Source:  Cisco  VNI  Global  IP  Traffic  Forecast,  2012-­‐2017  

Flash-­‐Crowd  Effect  Due  to  Content  Popularity  

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Conges@on  

Source:  COMET-­‐ENVISION  Workshop  ICN  Keynote  

Scalable  Cache-­‐based  Content  Distribution  

7 Source:  COMET-­‐ENVISION  Workshop  ICN  Keynote  

Information  Centric  Networking  

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Web   CDN   P2P  

 Informa@on  Centric  Network  

 Focus  on    

informa(on  objects  

Today’s  Internet    

Focus  on    nodes  

In  today’s  Internet,  accessing  informa@on  is  the  domina@ng  use  case!  

Evolu@on  

Source: IRTF Open Meeting @ IETF-81

•  Considering  important  requirements  –  Accessing  named  resources  –  not  

hosts  –  Scalable  distribu5on  through  

replica5on  and  caching  –  Good  control  of  resolu5on/rou5ng  

and  access  

•  With  ubiquitous  caching  –  But  for  all  applica@ons  –  And  for  all  users  and  content/service  

providers    

Future  Internet  Requirements…  

•  Better mobility support Ø  Impact on addressing

•  More flexible and reliable routing Ø Multi-path as opposed to current single path

•  Better service-aware resource control Ø Service-aware mapping of traffic to resources => better QoE

•  Better security and spam protection Ø Possibly other paradigms of identity/presence, e.g. default-off

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ICN  can  deal  with:  

•  Mobility - content/user ID not bound to location Ø Multi-path routing – anycast through in-network caching

•  Content-aware resource mapping – using metadata

•  Security – integrated with the content

•  Spam protection - receiver-driven model

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ICN  Could  Make  This  Much  Better!  

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•  ICN  can  provide  tangible  benefits  to  most  stakeholders  •  Pave  the  way  towards  new  media  applica@ons  and  user  experiences  

Source:  COMET-­‐ENVISION  Workshop  ICN  Keynote  

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ICN  Research  Activities  &  Projects  

Research  Activities  &  Projects  

•  DONA - Data-Oriented Network Architecture Ø  Supported by US National Science Foundation (NSF)

•  4WARD/SAIL NetInf - Network of Information Ø  Part of the European Commission’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)

•  COMET CMP (FP7) Ø  COntent Mediator architecture for content-aware nETworks

•  PSIRP/PURSUIT PubSub - Publish Subscribe Routing

•  CCN (CCNx) - Content-Centric Networking Ø  Sponsored by the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)

•  CMU XIA - eXpressive Internet Architecture (NSF) Ø  Carnegie Mellon University Ø  We deployed this architecture to implement ICN

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ICN  Approaches    

 -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐    eXpressive  Internet  Architecture  (XIA)  

IP  to  “chunks  of  named  content”  

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ICN/CCN    Current  Internet    

eXpressive  Internet  Architecture  (XIA)  

•  An architecture supports multiple communication types (Host, Content, Service …)

•  XIA exploring xxx - Centric Networking: ü Hosts ü  Services ü Contents ü  Additional entities motivated by future usage models

•  Support heterogeneous communication types on a single Internet architecture

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Principal  Types  

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Intrinsic  Security  in  XIA  

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XIA  uses  self-­‐cer@fying  iden@fiers  that  guarantee  security  proper@es  for  communica@on  opera@on.  

Direct  Acyclic  Graph  (DAG)  

•  DAG Based Addressing Enables Fallbacks

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DAG  Addresses  in  Packet  Header  

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Incremental  Deployment  of  XIA  

•  4ID: IPv4 address as an XID Ø  IPv4 encapsulation between XIA network islands Ø  Leverages fallback for legacy networks

•  No need for statically configured tunnels!

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4ID in Action:

•  Partially Deployed XIA Networks

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Introduce  SDN  to  ICN  

Software  Defined  Networking  (SDN)  •  “SDN is a refactoring of the relationship between network

devices and the software that controls them” --- Paraphrased from the HotSDN’12 Solicitation

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OpenFlow/SDN  Architecture  

•  Controller makes flow table and delivery table to switches

•  Each switch compare

packet with suitable flow table and forwarding.

25 Source:  Krnet  conference  2013,  유혁  

OpenFlow’s  Flow  Table  

•  Controller has the whole network topology Ø  Create proper flow table and send it to each OpenFlow switch Ø  One controller can control all switches

•  Each OpenFlow switch processes packets according to its flow table

26 Modified  from  Stanford  Slides  

SDN  Implementation-­‐Open  vSwitch  

•  Open vSwitch Ø  Production quality, multilayer virtual switch Ø  Visibility into inter-VM communication

§  via NetFlow, sFlow, etc. Ø  Standard 802.1Q VLAN model Ø  Fine-grained QoS control Ø  STP (IEEE 802.1D-1998) Ø  Multiple tunneling protocols

§  GRE, VXLAN, IPsec, etc.

Ø  OpenFlow protocol support

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Open  vSwitch  architecture:    

Source:  h]p://openvswitch.org  

Proposed  System  Architecture  

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Application (web, ftp...)

Adaptive Transmission(TCP variant)

Adaptive Routing(QoS routing)

Application layer

Transport layer

Network Layer

SDN control plane(Network services)

Control Layer

Forwarding(Openvswitch) Infrastructure Layer

Adaptive routing mechanism

Network status

monitoring

Adaptive transport protocols

System Architecture

Application requirement

Adaptive  Routing  and  Congestion  Control  Framework  

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SDN Controller

Switch

CCA

CCA

CCA SwitchSwitch

CCA

CCA

CCA

Statistic Information

Routing Update

Network Statistics

CC Update Message

CC Update Message

FlowFlow

Host

Host

Host

Host

Host

Host

Adaptive Routing Module

Adaptive CC Module

Optimization Server

Statistic Information

CC Update

Routing Update

Message

International  SDN  Testbed  

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C ERN

ET

CER

NET

APAN

KREONET/KO

REN

Konkuk  Univ. ,  Korea

…

Media  server

S ichuan  Univ. ,  C hina

User2

…

User1 Openflow  controller

Control   of   openfl owTopol ogy   between  Korea   and  Chi naDevi ces   Connecti on  

CER

NET

C ERNET

FTP  server web  server

Research  Topics  

•  Adaptive routing mechanisms in SDN Ø Routing decision by the status of current network and requirement of

ongoing applications.

•  Adaptive transmission algorithms (TCP) in SDN Ø Adaptive congestion control algorithms in SDN

•  Build ICN cloud under SDN networks Ø Chunk encapsulation and tunneling

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Adaptive  routing  mechanisms  in  SDN  

•  Routing decision by the status of current network and requirement of ongoing applications.

•  Research areas: Ø Routing mechanisms Ø Classification of applications with QoS requirements Ø Network connection status monitoring

•  Routing mechanisms: Ø Schedule application to specific path in the network Ø Steering traffic through optimal paths

§  Avoid network congestion Ø  Load balance

§  Balance network load

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Adaptive  transmission  algorithms  (TCP)  in  SDN  

•  Adaptive congestion control mechanism in SDN Ø  The aggregation of the network statistic data, including the underlying

network state (e.g., topology and routing information) as well as statistics about network traffic (e.g., link utilization and traffic matrix).

Ø Congestion control policies are used to specify which statistics need to be collected, what is the target operational goal (e.g., to reduce flow completion times, or to maximize the utilization of a specific link). �

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Global  ICN  Testbed  

 Introduce  ICN  to  SDN  

•  ICN message encapsulated in IP packets Ø Gateway of ICN cloud performs tunneling among ICN clouds

•  ICN messages transmit directly through SDN Ø Switches in SDN functionally support ICN chunks Ø  Long term objective

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Basic  Architecture  

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XIA  router  is  dual-­‐stack,  which  performs  as  entry  point  to  XIA  island.  

Global  ICN  Testbed  (Under  Construction)  

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Global  ICN/SDN  Testbed  (Long-­‐term  Plan)  

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Research  Topics  on  The  Testbed  

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•  Network evolution for content support Ø  In XIA, the DAG address format supports incremental deployment and new principle

•  Naming Ø  Hierarchical/flat naming VS hash-based naming Ø  Name resolution for huge naming space

•  Data Routing Ø  Should data routing state be maintained in the content routers or in the data packets?

•  Caching Ø  Efficient and scalable caching approaches

•  Mobility Ø  Efficient mechanism for client and service mobility

•  Security Ø  Does self-certifying names is enough or suitable for all kinds of ICNs? Ø  External trusted system architecture

Key  ICN  Challenges  

•  Naming – intricately linked with resolution and ID-based routing, so essential to get it right

•  Scalability - cope information objects without number limitation

•  Security per object, privacy concerns given that the network “sees” the information objects, spam control

•  Manageability, real-time usage data to drive Ø  e.g. opportunistic caching through closed loop control

•  Incremental deployment, the ability to gradually migrate without obliterating existing IPv4/v6 infrastructure

•  Incentives and novel business models to engage involved stakeholders

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Conclusion  and  Future  Plans  

Conclusion  and  Future  Plans  

•  ICN Testbed on APAN will be established first and will be extend to other nations.

•  Collaboration Continues –  Develop issues for co-work in 2014 –  Promote participation in network tech., and researchers

•  Upgrade Future Network Testbed –  Evolution for Future Internet researches and applications –  Improve Testbed deployment technologies and promote collaborations –  ICN Testbed Expansion & interconnection with other countries

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Thank  you!  

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Q&A