analisa kecelakaan kerja pada hauling road...
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ANALISA KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA HAULING ROAD
DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HUMAN FACTOR
ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (HFACS) DAN
5WHYS
(Studi Kasus Pada PT Kalimantan Prima Persada Jobsite SPUT
Kalimantan Selatan)
Skripsi
Diajukan Kepada Universitas Muhamdiyah Malang
Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan Akademik
Dalam Menyelesaikan Program Sarjana Teknik
Disusun Oleh:
INTAN PRATIWI WULANDARI
201210140311105
JURUSAN TEKNIK INDUSTRI
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMADIYAH MALANG
2017
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI
ANALISA KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA HAULING ROAD
DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HUMAN FACTOR
ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (HFACS) DAN
5WHYS
(Studi Kasus Pada PT Kalimantan Prima Persada Jobsite SPUT
Kalimantan Selatan)
Disusun Oleh :
INTAN PRATIWI WULANDARI
201210140311105
Menyetujui dan Mengesahkan :
Malang, Febuari 2017
Dosen Pembimbing I Dosen Pembimbing II
Shanty Kusuma Dewi, S.T., M.T. Dian Palupi Restu PutriS.T., M.T.
Mengetahui,
Ketua Jurusan Teknik Industri
Iliyas Mas’udin, S.T., M.Log., S.cm., Ph.D.
KATA PENGANTAR
Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb
Alhamdulllahirobbil ‘Alamin, puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah
melimpahkan rahmat, taufiq dan hidayah-Nya. Sholawat serta salam selalu tercurah kepada
Rosulullah Muhammad SAW, sehingga penyusun dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir dengan
judul “Analisa Kecelakaan Kerja pada Hauling Road Menggunakan Metode HFACS (Human
Factor Analysis and Classification System) dan 5 Whys (Studi Kasus Pada PT Kalimantan
Prima Persada Jobsite SPUT Kalimantan Selatan)”.
.” Sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan Strata 1 Jurusan Teknik Industri
Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Dalam penyusunan laporan tugas akhir ini, tentunya tidak lepas dari bantuan dan
dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin mengucapkan
rasa terima kasih kepada :
1. Allah SWT, karena telah memberikan kesehatan, pengetahuan dan ilmu, serta kekuatan
mental dalam mengerjakan skripsi.
2. Orang tua yang selalu memberikan dukungan dan doa serta biaya selama kuliah ini,
terimakasih sebesar-besarnya beliau adalah orang tua paling luar biasa.
3. Bapak Ilyas Mas’udin ST.,M.Log.,Scm.,Ph.D selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Industri
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Terimakasih sudah mau berbagi ilmu, dan
memberikan arahan serta semangat menempuh kuliah dan ssesudah selesai menempuh
kuliah.
4. Ibu Shanty Kusuma Dewi ST., MT selaku dosen pembimbing I yang bersedia
meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan bimbingan dan arahan dalam penyusunan Skripsi
ini. Terimakasih atas ilmu ilmu yang telah diberikan.
5. Ibu Dian Palupi Restu Putri ST., MT selaku dosen pembimbing II yang senantiasa
membimbing dan mengarahkan serta memberikan saran tentang berlangsungnya
pengerjakan skripsi ini.
6. Segenap Dosen Jurusan Teknik Industri Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang atas segala
bimbingan dan arahannya
7. Keluarga tercinta, saudara serta teman-teman tercinta yang selalu memberikan dorongan
dengan selalu bertanya “kapan kelar dan kapan nikah?” ini memberikan motivasi untuk
saya hahaha.
8. Kepada keluarga PT KALIMANTAN PRIMA PERSADA JOBSITE SPUT yang setia
membimbing selama pengambilan data disana.
Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penyusunan Skripsi ini masih jauh dari
kesempurnaan. Untuk itu dengan segala kerendahan hati penulis menerima segala saran dan
kritik yang bersifat membangun.
Harapan penulis, semoga Skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat terutama bagi penulis sendiri
khususnya, serta memberika hikmah dan ide bagi pembacanya.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Malang, Febuari 2017
Penulis
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul
Lembar Pengesahan Skripsi
Lembar Asistensi Skripsi
Berita Acara Ujian
Surat pernyataan Keaslian
Surat Keterangan Pengambilan Data dari Perusahaan
Kata Pengantar............ .................................................................................... i
Abstrak ............................ ............................................................................... iii
Abstract................... ........................................................................................ iv
Daftar Isi.......... ............................................................................................... v
Daftar Tabel............. ....................................................................................... vii
Daftar Gambar............... ................................................................................. ix
Daftar Lampiran ............ ................................................................................. xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah Penelitian .............................................................. 2
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................ 2
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................. 2
1.5 Batasan Masalah Penelitian ................................................................ 3
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja ..................................................... 4
2.2 Kecelakaan Kerja ............................................................................... 5
2.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja .................... 5
2.4 Human Error ....................................................................................... 7
2.5 Pendekatan Human Error ................................................................... 8
2.6 Sebab-sebab Human Error ................................................................. 9
2.7 Teknik Analisis Human Error ............................................................ 10
2.8 HFACS (Human Factor Analysis and Classification System) ........... 11
2.11 Metode 5whys .................................................................................. 21
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
3.1 Waktu Pelaksanaan Penelitian ............................................................ 24
3.2 Studi Lapangan .................................................................................. 24
3.3 Studi Pustaka ....................................................................................... 24
3.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 24
3.5 Klasifikasi Kecelakaan Berdasarkan Level ........................................ 24
3.6 Analisa Hasil HFACS ......................................................................... 28
3.7 Analisa dengan 5whys ......................................................................... 29
3.8 Kesimpulan dan Saran ........................................................................ 30
BAB IV PENGUMPULAN DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA
4.1 Tinjauan Perusahaan ........................................................................... 31
4.2 Proses Operasi .................................................................................... 31
4.3 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 32
4.3.1 Data Kecelakaan ................................................................. 32
4.3.2 Data Penyebab Kecelakaan ................................................ 33
4.4 Pengolahan Data ................................................................................. 35
4.4.1 Pelevelan Data Penyebab Kecelakaan………………………....36
4.4.2 Metode 5whys………………………………………………….97
BAB V ANALISA PEMBAHASAN
5.1 Analisa Pelevelan Insiden.................................................................. 102
5.2 Analisa Hasil Dari Metode 5whys ......................................................113
BAB VI PENUTUP
6.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 115
6.2 Saran.................... ............................................................................... 115
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Penjelasan Insiden berdasarkan Level ............................................ 18
Tabel 2.2 Frekuensi dan Prosentase Sub Faktor pada Setiap Kejadian .......... 20
Tabel 3.1 Insiden Berdasarkan Level ............................................................. 28
Tabel 3.2 Frekuensi dan Prosentase ............................................................... 29
Tabel 3.3 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab ........................................................... 30
Tabel 4.1 Data Kecelakaan pada Perusahaan ................................................. 32
Tabel 4.2 Data Penyebab Kecelakaan Kerja ................................................... 33
Tabel 4.3 Accident 1....................................................................................... 39
Tabel 4.4 Accident 2 ....................................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.5 Accident 3 ....................................................................................... 41
Tabel 4.6 Accident 4 ....................................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.7 Accident 5 ....................................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.8 Accident 6 ....................................................................................... 43
Tabel 4.9 Accident 7 ....................................................................................... 44
Tabel 4.10 Accident 8 ..................................................................................... 45
Tabel 4.11 Accident 9 ..................................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.12 Accident 10 ................................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.13 Accident 11 ................................................................................... 47
Tabel 4.14 Accident 12 ................................................................................... 48
Tabel 4.15 Accident 13 ................................................................................... 49
Tabel 4.16 Accident 14 ................................................................................... 49
Tabel 4.17 Accident 15 ................................................................................... 50
Tabel 4.18 Accident 16 ................................................................................... 51
Tabel 4.19 Accident 17 ................................................................................... 52
Tabel 4.20 Accident 18 ................................................................................... 53
Tabel 4.21 Accident 19 ................................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.22 Accident 20 ................................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.23 Accident 21 ................................................................................... 55
Tabel 4.24 Accident 22 ................................................................................... 56
Tabel 4.25 Accident 23 ................................................................................... 56
Tabel 4.26 Accident 24 ................................................................................... 57
Tabel 4.27 Accident 25 ................................................................................... 58
Tabel 4.28 Accident 26 ................................................................................... 59
Tabel 4.29 Accident 27 ................................................................................... 60
Tabel 4.30 Accident 28 ................................................................................... 60
Tabel 4.31 Accident 29 ................................................................................... 61
Tabel 4.32 Accident 30 ................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.33 Accident 31 ................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.34 Accident 32 ................................................................................... 63
Tabel 4.35 Accident 33 ................................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.36 Accident 34 ................................................................................... 65
Tabel 4.37 Accident 35 ................................................................................... 65
Tabel 4.38 Accident 36 ................................................................................... 66
Tabel 4.39 Accident 37 ................................................................................... 67
Tabel 4.40 Accident 38 ................................................................................... 68
Tabel 4.41 Accident 39 ................................................................................... 69
Tabel 4.42 Accident 40 ................................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.43 Accident 41 ................................................................................... 71
Tabel 4.44 Accident 42 ................................................................................... 72
Tabel 4.45 Accident 43 ................................................................................... 73
Tabel 4.46 Accident 44 ................................................................................... 74
Tabel 4.47 Accident 45 ................................................................................... 74
Tabel 4.48 Accident 46 ................................................................................... 75
Tabel 4.49 Accident 47 ................................................................................... 76
Tabel 4.50 Accident 48 ................................................................................... 77
Tabel 4.51 Accident 49 ................................................................................... 78
Tabel 4.52 Accident 50 ................................................................................... 79
Tabel 4.53 Accident 51 ................................................................................... 80
Tabel 4.54 Accident 52 ................................................................................... 81
Tabel 4.55 Accident 53 ................................................................................... 82
Tabel 4.56 Accident 54 ................................................................................... 82
Tabel 4.57 Accident 55 ................................................................................... 83
Tabel 4.58 Accident 56 ................................................................................... 84
Tabel 4.59 Accident 57 ................................................................................... 85
Tabel 4.60 Accident 58 ................................................................................... 85
Tabel 4.61 Accident 59 ................................................................................... 86
Tabel 4.62 Accident 60 ................................................................................... 87
Tabel 4.63 Accident 61 ................................................................................... 87
Tabel 4.64 Accident 62 ................................................................................... 88
Tabel 4.65 Accident 63 ................................................................................... 89
Tabel 4.66 Accident 64 ................................................................................... 90
Tabel 4.67 Accident 65 ................................................................................... 90
Tabel 4.68 Accident 66 ................................................................................... 91
Tabel 4.69 Accident 67 ................................................................................... 92
Tabel 4.70 Accident 68 ................................................................................... 93
Tabel 4.71 Accident 69 ................................................................................... 94
Tabel 4.72 Accident 70 ................................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.73 Accident 71 ................................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.74 Total Perhitungan Dari Semua Level............................................ 96
Tabel 4.75 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab Decission Error .............................. 98
Tabel 4.76 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab Physical Environment ..................... 98
Tabel 4.77 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab Supervisiory Violations ................... 99
Tabel 4.78 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab Failled to Correct Problem ............ 99
Tabel 4.79 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab Resource Management.................... 100
Tabel 4.80 Penelusuran Akar Penyebab Organizational Process .................. 100
Tabel 5.1 Menabrak Belakang DT .................................................................. 103
Tabel 5.2 Terguling ......................................................................................... 104
Tabel 5.3 Warga Menyebrang Sembarangan .................................................. 104
Tabel 5.4 Unit Naik Ke Tanggul..................................................................... 105
Tabel 5.5 Menabrak Tronton Lain .................................................................. 106
Tabel 5.6 Terguling ......................................................................................... 106
Tabel 5.7 Terguling ......................................................................................... 107
Tabel 5.8 Terguling ......................................................................................... 107
Tabel 5.9 Unit Terbakar .................................................................................. 108
Tabel 5.10 Menabrak Tanggul ........................................................................ 109
Tabel 5.11 Terguling ....................................................................................... 109
Tabel 5.12 Terbalik ......................................................................................... 110
Tabel 5.13 Mengantuk .................................................................................... 110
Tabel 5.14 Menabrak Tanggul Karena Mengantuk ........................................ 111
Tabel 5.15 Tronton Bermuatan Menabrak Trintin Tanpa Muatan Karena
Sopir Mengantuk .......................................................................... 112
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Gambar SwissCheese Model ...................................................... 18
Gambar 2.2 Gambar Kesalahan Manusia Pada Empat Tingkat Kegagalan.... 20
Gambar 2.3 Gambar Analisa 5whys................................................................ 22
Gambar 4.1 Gambar Proses Operasi ............................................................... 31
Gambar 4.2 Gambar Diagram Total Nilai ...................................................... 97
Gambar 5.1 Gambar Diagram Total Setiap Penyebab .................................... 102
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