analysis and mapping of impacts under climate change for...
TRANSCRIPT
___________________________________________________________________________
2014/ATCWG/013
Analysis and Mapping of Impacts under Climate Change for Adaptation and Food Security (AMICAF)
Activities in the Philippines
Purpose: Information Submitted by: Philippines
18th Agricultural Technical Cooperation Working Group Meeting
Beijing, China16 September 2014
26/9/2014
1
APEC Agricultural Technical Committee Working Group MeetingBeijing, China, 16 September 2014
AMICAF ACTIVITIESIN THE PHILIPPINESby Engr. Roy Abaya and Dir. Silvino Tejada
Department of Agriculture-Philippines
Introduction
AMICAF is a comprehensive framework by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations that aims to address climate change impacts and adaptation planning targeted at improving the food security of vulnerable household groups.
In the Philippines, the AMICAF framework is currently being implemented by the FAO in cooperation with the Philippine Department of Agriculture and partner agencies with funding from the Japanese government.
The Philippine activities started in January 2012 and will end on December 2014 for a 3-yr implementation.
26/9/2014
2
Step 1: Impacts of climate change on agriculture
MOSAICC – Modeling System for Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change
Multiple impact models (Climate downscaling, Crops, Hydrology, Economy) in one package
Software plus training
Newly developed Partial Equilibrium Agricultural Market or PAM (Provincial Agricultural Model) is used in addition to MOSAICC’s climate downscaling, crop and hydrology modules
Climate projectionsdownscaling
Historical weatherrecords
Downscaled Climate projections
Hydrological Model
Crop growth Simulation
IPCC GCMLow resolution
projections
Historical dischargerecords
Water availabilityfor irrigation
Historical water usestatistics
Historical Yield records
Yield projections
Crop parameters
Soil data
Technology trend scenarios
Soil and Land usedata
Dam data
Provincial AgriculturalMarket Impact
Step2 (Food Insecurity Vulnerability Analysis)
Provincial AgriculturalModel (PAM)
Partners: PAGASA, UP-NIGS, PhilRice, NEDA
Summary for Precipitation ( A1B, A2 scenarios; BCM2, CNCM3, ECHMA5 models) for 2011-2040
AIB: 6-20%, A2: 3-14%, lowest in RR in eastern Philippines
Except for some Region 1 and CARAGA (BCM2), all parts of the country will become wetter under A1B
Region 1 will further become drier particularly in MAM and JJA season
MAM and JJA will become particularly wetter under BCM2 and CNCM3 in most of Luzon and eastern Philippines
26/9/2014
3
Summary for Temperature (2011-2040)
All parts of the country will experience increase in temperature under A1B and A2 especially in urban areas
for both A1B and A2, range of increase: 0.3°C – 0.5°C; highest in NCR
greater warming under CNCM3 followed by BCM2 and MPEH5
Number of Days with Extreme 24-hour Rainfall (2011-2040) and Corresponding Station using MPEH5 STATION 20C3M A1B A2 VIGAN 94 250 236ITBAYAT 96 115 106CATARMAN 101 171 157
VIRAC RADAR 107 146 180DAET 114 181 169BAGUIO 140 347 317INFANTA 151 213 228IBA 182 353 338CASIGURAN 190 277 285HINATUAN 193 281 260
*Extreme daily rainfall are events defined as days with >100 mm of rainfall with each occurrence counted as one event
Number of Dry Days* (2011-2040) and Corresponding Station using MPEH5
RANK STATION 20C3M A1B A2
10 SCIENCE GARDEN 93 139 127
9PORT AREA (MCO) 97 137 136
8 LAOAG CITY 99 133 157
7 PUERTO PRINCESA 100 114 123
6 SANGLEY POINT 105 173 152
5 IBA 107 162 156
4 CLSU 109 149 167
3 CABANATUAN 111 127 147
2 DAGUPAN CITY 112 141 147
1 SAN JOSE 115 169 171
*Dry days are events defined as 5 consecutive days with <1mm of daily rainfall with each occurrence counted as one event
PAGASA’s Key Findings and Next Steps
Greater rainfall will be experienced from 3-20% increase;
Rainfall will increase the least in eastern Philippines;
NCR and neighboring provinces will have higher increase in temperature by 2040 by as much as 0.5°C in March, April, May
Way forward: -Downscaling under CMIP5 & RCPs -Analysis of extreme events
including tropical cyclones
26/9/2014
4
Step 1: Hydrology modeling using STREAM modelPartner: UP-NIGS
The goal is to determine whether discharge in rivers, the primary source of water for irrigation, will be affected by climate change
Using two global climate models (A1B and A2), most basins show an increasing trend in annual discharge, but the increase is mainly during the wet season.
Annual variability is increasing.
Summer months will have a decrease in discharge, with definite decrease in future MAM discharge: Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Leyte, Zamboanga, Sultan Kudarat
Step 1: Crop Modeling using WABAL model(Partner: PhilRice)
For irrigated s1 rice crop model –important variables are ETA 2, min. temp
For rainfed rice crop model – important variables are ETA in diff growth stages, rainfall, solar radiation
Climate change yield signals under MPEH is statistically higher than CNCM3 at least for rainfed rice
Climate change yield signals for A2 is not statistically significant with A1B, either under MPEH or CNCM3
Changes in climatology can result in lower yield in some provinces, but higher in others MPEH: Irrigated Rice S1(A2-20C3M)
26/9/2014
5
Develops an analytical econometrics model with the best available national household datasets
Choice of models heavily depends on data availability (variety of socio-economic data at smaller administrative units, preferably geo-referenced)
Characterizing vulnerability and identifying variables associated with highest levels of vulnerability
Step 2: Food Insecurity Vulnerability Analysis (Partners: DLSU-CBMS and FNRI)
55.33% of the households are permanently food secure
5.23% are temporarily food secure but likely to be food insecure in the future
8.20% are temporarily food insecure
31.24% are chronically food insecure These are the households which are currently food insecure and at the same time, likely to be food insecure still in the future. These are the most important target on choosing policy instruments/ interventions
Step 2: Food Insecurity Vulnerability Analysis (Partners: DLSU-CBMS and FNRI)
26/9/2014
6
Step 3 Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change
Identification, validation, field-testing, and evaluation of good adaptation practices at local context through participatory processes and capacity development under the framework of climate-smart Farmer Field Schools (FFS)
Field-testing sites are CamarinesSur & Surigao del Norte with drought, flooding and saline intrusion issues
Partners: DA RFU 5 (Bicol) , DA RFU 13 (Caraga) , PhilRice Agusan
A total of 157 farmers (97-Buhi, 30-Canaman, 30-Baao) in Bicol participated in the climate-smart FFS organized by the project in Bicol that now includes seven (7) expansion municipalities in addition to the original 3 as GPO test sites
In Caraga, FFS farmers numbered 58 farmers (20-Claver, 20-Gigaquit, 18-Bacuag) with GPO test sites in all Caraga provinces including Siargao
The climate component of the CS-FFS is now incorporated by DA RFU 5 for corn and vegetable FFS targeted for the region
Typhoon tracking by FFS participants
Fabricating manual rain gauge Varietal evaluation during Field Day
Step 3 Livelihood Adaptation to Climate Change:Climate-smart Farmer Field School
Community hazard assessment
26/9/2014
7
Step 3 Testing and adoption of CC-ready rice in unfavorable rice environments
We have completed the 4-season testing of climate change-ready rice lines for drought-, flood- and saline-prone environments within CSFFS framework
The DA National Rice Program has adopted this sub-component to determine the nation-wide performance of these CC-ready lines (63 test sites, WS 2014)
The DA is positioning these climate-resilient lines for El Niňomitigation starting 2014 DS
Products developed under Step 3 Project brochure/ folder for
dissemination
2014 calendar for farmers based on PalayCheck and good practice options; 2015 calendar is now being prepared with AMICAF results
On-going printing of reference manual for LGUs in localization of climate services (with PAGASA and RWAN)
Success stories of project’s CC adaptation options in Bicol and Caraga (print and video formats) in the works
26/9/2014
8
Step 4 Institutional analysis and awareness raisingPartners: Climate Change Commission and NEDA
National, regional and local institutional analysis workshops were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to assess institutional strengths and conceptualize/develop training modules for DRR/CC planners and policy makers and for LGUs in Caraga and Bicol, respectively
Documentation of success stories of Step 3 with DA Bicol and Caraga is on-going; outputs will be in print and video format
Nov. 2014 Outreach Event is being conceptualized to raise awareness and promote the project outputs and approach
For further inquiries:Dr. Tatsuji Koizumi
FAO-AMICAF International Project Coordinator<[email protected]>