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(c) Aug, lag = 1 month (d) Aug, lag = 3 months Analysis of the relationship between climate and NDVI variability at global scales FanWei Zeng ([email protected]) 1,2 , G. James Collatz 2 , Jorge Pinzon 1,2 , Alvaro Ivanoff 2,3 1. Science Systems and Applica@ons, Inc. 2. NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center 3. ADNET Systems, Inc. Data sets used: long record; global coverage; consistent with data sets of higher quality (Fig. 2); Use of TRMM precipita@on (40°N40°S, 0.25°, semimonthly, 19982010) 7 gives the same result. Fig. 2 GIMMS – MODIS Aqua NDVI 6 (0.25°, monthly, 20032010) anomaly correla@ons significant (p<0.05) in 76% of land pixels . 5. Results: 5.1. NDVI – precipita@on anomaly correla@ons: 5.2. NDVI temperature anomaly correla@ons: Averaged r values Higher herbaceous cover (forests > woody savannas > savannas > closed+open shrublands & grasslands): stronger correla@ons and clearer 1month peak lag pahern. (e) Temperate Asia (a) May, lag = 1 month 2. JusDficaDon: Is interannual variability in NDVI explained by climate? Here we examine the sensi@vity of NDVI to interannual variability in precipita@on and temperature. Fig. 1 Climate – NDVI – NPP connec@on. 1. IntroducDon: interannual variability in modeled (CASA) C flux is in part caused by interannual variability in NDVI (FPAR) (Fig. 1). FPAR NDVI Table 1. Data sets used. 3. Data: Resolution Period Spatial (º) Temporal GIMMS 3g NDVI 2 0.08 Semimonthly 1981-2010 GPCP precipitation 3 2.5 Monthly 1979-2009 CRU climatology 4 0.5 Monthly 1961-1990 (base) GISS temperature anomaly 5 2 Monthly 1880-2010 4. Methods: 4.1. Conducted Pearsons correla@on analyses at pixel level with varying lags (of NDVI response to climate) on: 19822009 NDVI – precipita@on anomaly @me series (monthly, 1°×1°); 19822010 NDVI – temperature anomaly @me series (monthly, 0.5°×0.5°); 4.2. Accounted for firstorder temporal autocorrela@on following Dawdy and Matalas (1964) 8 . Only significant correla@on coefficients (r values with corrected p values <0.05, twotailed ttest) are shown. Fig. 3 NDVI – precipita@on correla@ons for the whole @me series (1 month lag). (Results using monthly precipita@on here were consistent with those using accumula@ve precipita@on (not shown).) Strongest for 1month preceding precipita@on; Significant in 36% of land pixels; Posi@ve in arid and semiarid areas where grasslands and shrublands are the dominant land cover types. (c) N Africa (d) S Africa (f) Australia Fig. 4 Averaged r values of the whole @me series vs. lags for different land cover types in different regions (error bars: 1σ). Lag (number of months) Fig. 5 NDVI – precipita@on correla@ons for May (lep) and August (right) in central US. (b) May, lag = 3 months Early growing season (May): NDVI most sensi@ve to precipita@on during winter and spring; End of growing season (August): NDVI most sensi@ve to more recent precipita@on. (a) Temperate N America (b) Temperate S America Lag (number of months) Averaged r values 6. Conclusion: Strongest for current month temperature (Fig. 6&7); Significantly posi@ve in 40% of total land pixels, and 77% of these pixels are north of 35°N (Fig. 6); Not associated with land cover types. Fig. 6 For the whole @me series (no lag). Fig. 7 Averaged r values vs. lags for different regions. Fig. 8 Annual NPP modeled from variable FPAR vs. from FPAR climatology. This study confirms a mechanism producing variability in modeled NPP: NDVI (FPAR) interannual variability is strongly driven by climate; The climate driven variability in NDVI (FPAR) can lead to much larger fluctua@on in NPP vs. the NPP computed from FPAR climatology (Fig. 8). References: 1. Los, S.O., et al. (2000) J. of Hydrometeorology, 1, 183199. 2. Tucker, C.J., et al. (2005) Interna2onal J. of Remote Sensing, 26(20), 44854498. 3. Huffman, G.J., et al. (2009) Geophys. Res. Le;., 36, L17808, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040000. 4. New, M., et al. (1999) J. of Climate, 12(3), 829856. 5. Hansen, J., et al. (1999) J. of Geophys. Res., 104, 3099731022. 6. MODIS Aqua NDVI (MYD13C2, hhps://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/modis_products_table). 7. Huffman, G.J., et al. (2007) J. of Hydrometeorology, 8(1), 3855. 8. Dawdy, D.R., and N.C. Matalas (1964) In V.T. Chow, ed. Handbook of Applied Hydrology, A Compendium of Water resources Technology, 6890, McGrawHill Book Company, New York. Acknowledgements: This work is supported by NASAs Carbon Monitoring System project and Carbon Cycle Science element of the Terrestrial Ecology Program. ? CASA (Los et al., 2000) 1 NDVI Anomalies, JulyAugust 2002 Cumula@ve Precipita@on Anomalies, AprilAugust 2002 (mm) NPP Anomalies, JulyAugust 2002 (g C m 2 mo 1 ) https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20120009271 2020-07-30T12:56:15+00:00Z

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Page 1: Analysis of the relationship between climate and NDVI ... › archive › nasa › casi.ntrs.nasa.gov › 20120009271.pdfTitle: NASA CC&E poster, Fanwei, 20110928.ppt Author: Zeng,

(c)  Aug,  lag  =  1  month  

(d)  Aug,  lag  =  3  months  

Analysis of the relationship between climate and NDVI variability at global scales Fan-­‐Wei  Zeng  ([email protected])1,2,  G.  James  Collatz2,  Jorge  Pinzon1,2,  Alvaro  Ivanoff2,3  

1.  Science  Systems  and  Applica@ons,  Inc.          2.  NASA’s  Goddard  Space  Flight  Center          3.  ADNET  Systems,  Inc.      

•   Data  sets  used:  long  record;  global  coverage;  consistent  with  data  sets  of  higher  quality  (Fig.  2);    •   Use  of  TRMM  precipita@on  (40°N-­‐40°S,  0.25°,  semimonthly,  1998-­‐2010)7  gives  the  same  result.      

Fig.  2  GIMMS  –  MODIS  Aqua  NDVI6  (0.25°,  monthly,  2003-­‐2010)  anomaly  correla@ons  significant  (p<0.05)  in  76%  of  land  pixels  .  

5.  Results:  5.1.  NDVI  –  precipita@on  anomaly  correla@ons:  

5.2.  NDVI  -­‐  temperature  anomaly  correla@ons:  Av

eraged

 r  values  

•     Higher  herbaceous  cover  (forests  -­‐>  woody  savannas  -­‐>  savannas  -­‐>  closed+open  shrublands  &  grasslands):  stronger  correla@ons  and  clearer  1-­‐month  peak  lag  pahern.  

(e)  Temperate  Asia  

(a)  May,  lag  =  1  month  

2.  JusDficaDon:  Is  interannual  variability  in  NDVI  explained  by  climate?  Here  we  examine  the  sensi@vity  of  NDVI  to  interannual  variability  in  precipita@on  and  temperature.    

Fig.  1  Climate  –  NDVI  –  NPP  connec@on.  

1.  IntroducDon:  interannual  variability  in  modeled  (CASA)  C  flux  is  in  part  caused  by  interannual  variability  in  NDVI  (FPAR)  (Fig.  1).  

FPAR

 

NDVI  

Table  1.  Data  sets  used.  3.  Data:  

Resolution Period

Spatial (º) Temporal GIMMS 3g NDVI2 0.08 Semimonthly 1981-2010 GPCP precipitation3 2.5 Monthly 1979-2009

CRU climatology4 0.5 Monthly 1961-1990 (base)

GISS temperature anomaly5 2 Monthly 1880-2010

4.  Methods:    4.1.  Conducted  Pearson’s  correla@on  analyses  at  pixel  level  with  varying  lags  (of  NDVI  response  to  climate)  on:            -­‐  1982-­‐2009  NDVI  –  precipita@on  anomaly  @me  series  (monthly,  1°×1°);            -­‐  1982-­‐2010  NDVI  –  temperature  anomaly  @me  series  (monthly,  0.5°×0.5°);  4.2.  Accounted  for  first-­‐order  temporal  autocorrela@on  following  Dawdy  and  Matalas    (1964)8.  Only  significant  correla@on  coefficients  (r  values  with  corrected  p  values  <0.05,    two-­‐tailed  t-­‐test)  are  shown.    

Fig.  3  NDVI  –  precipita@on  correla@ons  for  the  whole  @me  series  (1  month  lag).  (Results  using  monthly  precipita@on  here  were  consistent  with  those  using  accumula@ve  precipita@on  (not  shown).)  •   Strongest  for  1-­‐month  preceding  precipita@on;    •   Significant  in  36%  of  land  pixels;  •   Posi@ve  in  arid  and  semiarid  areas  where  grasslands  and  shrublands  are  the  dominant  land  cover  types.  

(c)  N  Africa  

(d)  S  Africa   (f)  Australia    

Fig.  4  Averaged  r  values  of  the  whole  @me  series  vs.  lags  for  different  land  cover  types  in  different  regions  (error  bars:  1σ).  

Lag  (number  of  months)  

Fig.  5  NDVI  –  precipita@on  correla@ons  for  May  (lep)  and  August  (right)  in  central  US.    

(b)  May,  lag  =  3  months  

•   Early  growing  season  (May):  NDVI  most  sensi@ve  to  precipita@on  during  winter  and  spring;  •   End  of  growing  season  (August):  NDVI  most  sensi@ve  to  more  recent  precipita@on.    

(a)  Temperate  N  America   (b)  Temperate  S  America  

Lag  (number  of  months)  

Averaged

 r  values  

6.  Conclusion:  

•   Strongest  for  current  month  temperature  (Fig.  6&7);    •   Significantly  posi@ve  in  40%  of  total  land  pixels,  and  77%  of  these  pixels  are  north  of  35°N  (Fig.  6);  •   Not  associated  with  land  cover  types.  

Fig.  6  For  the  whole  @me  series  (no  lag).     Fig.  7  Averaged  r  values  vs.  lags  for  different  regions.  

Fig.  8  Annual  NPP  modeled  from  variable  FPAR  vs.  from  FPAR  climatology.  

•   This  study  confirms  a  mechanism  producing  variability  in  modeled  NPP:            -­‐  NDVI  (FPAR)  interannual  variability  is  strongly  driven  by  climate;          -­‐  The  climate  driven  variability  in  NDVI  (FPAR)  can  lead  to  much  larger  fluctua@on  in  NPP  vs.  the  NPP  computed  from  FPAR  climatology  (Fig.  8).    

References:  1.  Los,  S.O.,  et  al.  (2000)  J.  of  Hydrometeorology,  1,  183-­‐199.  2.  Tucker,  C.J.,  et  al.  (2005)  Interna2onal  J.  of  Remote  Sensing,  26(20),  4485-­‐4498.  3.  Huffman,  G.J.,  et  al.  (2009)  Geophys.  Res.  Le;.,  36,  L17808,  doi:  10.1029/2009GL040000.  4.  New,  M.,  et  al.  (1999)  J.  of  Climate,  12(3),  829-­‐856.  5.  Hansen,  J.,  et  al.  (1999)  J.  of  Geophys.  Res.,  104,  30997-­‐31022.    6.  MODIS  Aqua  NDVI  (MYD13C2,    hhps://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/modis_products_table).  7.  Huffman,  G.J.,  et  al.  (2007)  J.  of  Hydrometeorology,  8(1),  38-­‐55.  8.  Dawdy,  D.R.,  and  N.C.  Matalas  (1964)  In  V.T.  Chow,  ed.  Handbook  of  Applied  Hydrology,  A  Compendium  of  Water-­‐resources  Technology,  68-­‐90,  McGraw-­‐Hill  Book  Company,  New  York.  

Acknowledgements:  This  work  is  supported  by  NASA’s  Carbon  Monitoring  System  project  and  Carbon  Cycle  Science  element  of  the  Terrestrial  Ecology  Program.    

?  

CASA  

(Los  et  al.,  2000)1  

NDVI  Anomalies,  July-­‐August  2002  Cumula@ve  Precipita@on  Anomalies,  April-­‐August  2002  (mm)  

NPP  Anomalies,  July-­‐August  2002  (g  C  m-­‐2  mo-­‐1)    

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20120009271 2020-07-30T12:56:15+00:00Z