analytics, business intelligence, and data science - what's the progression?
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The First Step in Information Management
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Sept. 7, 2017
Analytics, Business Intelligence and Data Science:What's the Progression?
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Topics for Today’s Analytics Webinar
Defining Business Intelligence (BI), Analytics and Data Science
Differences in Architectures
When to Use Analytics, BI and Data Science
Evolution Between Analytics, BI and Data Science
Key Take-Aways
Q&A
pg 2© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
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Why is Today’s Topic Important?
Organizations struggle with where to place and how tomanage the use of data. The addition of powerful analytics just adds another item to the stack of data
usage that needs to be managed. Organizations need to be clear about where the capabilities lie – and who is
responsible for successful application of all the varieties of using data. There are numerous alternatives, and there is no one reference model. Too many organizations are going the self-service route and are failing at
meeting their data needs. Without a good understanding of what will work in your organization, you
are at risk.
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Defining Business Intelligence (BI), Analyticsand Data Science
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Definitions
No solid demarcation between these “styles” of using data
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Definitions
No solid demarcation between these “styles” of using data
Business intelligence ‒ *an umbrella term that includes the applications, infrastructure and tools, and best practices that enable access to and analysis of information to improve and optimize decisions and performance.
Then does it include analytics?
pg 6© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
*Source: Gartner IT Glossary
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Definitions
No solid demarcation between these “styles” of using data
Business Intelligence - *an umbrella term that includes the applications, infrastructure and tools, and best practices that enable access to and analysis of information to improve and optimize decisions and performance.
Analytics ‒ *Analytics has emerged as a catch-all term for a variety of different business intelligence (BI)- and application-related initiatives. For some, it is the process of analyzing information from a particular domain, such as website analytics. For others, it is applying the breadth of BI capabilities to a specific content area (for example, sales, service, supply chain and so on).
pg 7© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
*Source: Gartner IT Glossary
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Definitions
No solid demarcation between these “styles” of using data
Business intelligence - *an umbrella term that includes the applications, infrastructure and tools, and best practices that enable access to and analysis of information to improve and optimize decisions and performance.
Analytics – *Analytics has emerged as a catch-all term for a variety of different business intelligence (BI)-and application-related initiatives. For some, it is the process of analyzing information from a particular domain, such as website analytics. For others, it is applying the breadth of BI capabilities to a specific content area (for example, sales, service, supply chain and so on).
Data science – (grouped in with Advanced Analytics definition) *the autonomous or semi-autonomous examination of data or content using sophisticated techniques and tools, typically beyond those of traditional business intelligence (BI), to discover deeper insights, make predictions, or generate recommendations. Advanced analytic techniques include those such as data/text mining, machine learning, pattern matching, forecasting, visualization, semantic analysis, sentiment analysis, network and cluster analysis, multivariate statistics, graph analysis, simulation, complex event processing, neural networks.
pg 8© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
*Source: Gartner IT Glossary
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Definitions
Business Intelligence
Analytics
Data Science
Which one(s) do I use?
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Differences in Architectures
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Architecture Drivers
pg 11© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
Backward-looking Forward-looking
Operations and “better decisions” Data science, new insights, strategy
Steady state of sources Dynamic Sources
TRADITIONAL CONTEMPORARYBU
SIN
ESS
GO
ALS
AND
INFO
RMAT
ION
REQ
UIR
EMEN
TS
TRADITIONAL DIFFERENCES
AUDIENCE
DATA SOURCE DIFFERENCES
BUSI
NES
S IN
TELL
IGEN
CEAN
ALYTICS & DATA SCIEN
CE
Quality, reliability and precision Enablement not control
MANAGEMENT & GOVERNANCE
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Architecture Differences
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ETL, EAI, data quality Anything that works
Suitable for batch or near-time Streaming and high volume
Queries have limitations Tuned for huge volumes
TRADITIONAL CONTEMPORARY
INFRASTRUCTURE
DATA VOLUMES
BUSI
NES
S G
OAL
S AN
DIN
FORM
ATIO
N R
EQU
IREM
ENTS
BUSI
NES
S IN
TELL
IGEN
CEAN
ALYTICS & DATA SCIEN
CEDATA USAGE
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It’s a Continuum
Effective use means exploiting data assets
Various standard architectures are presented to allow for understanding;the reality is no singlestyle of architecture can address all situations
Note that algorithms and query complexity are not called out, because you can run complex algorithms against anything
pg 13© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
ReportsDimensional
QueryPredictive Modeling
Scenario-based
Forecasting
Goal Seeking Models
Normalized Data
Structures
EDW and Marts Load
HadoopSchema on Read
Hadoop
Structure and flexibility
Sourcing and data types
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FSFP Reference Architecture – Abstract
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Data Insight Architecture
1
DataMovement/
Logistics
ContextMonitoring
Controls
Management Layer Metadata, Lineage, Work Flow, Models, Reference Data, Rules, Canonical Data
Data Access LayerReports, Visualization Visualization, Prediction, “Closed Loop,” Edge Analytics
Traditional Area
ERP
CRM
Finance
Traditional Data Collection
EDW
Data Marts
Contemporary Area
Edge Processing
Ingestion
Smart Machines
Social
Bots
Business Strategy
Data Scientists
Traditional Stakeholders
pg 14© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
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Principles
Determining which part of the data use spectrum to use isa function of principles
Most organizations just declare an architecture; e.g., “We need a lot of data so it has to be a data lake.”
Principles to apply: − Architectures to deliver BI and analytics need to reflect business needs − Supporting organizations around BI and analytics need to reflect true self service − Final architecture solution must be based on support of both modes or vintage
and contemporary environments
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Other Decision Factors
For BI, answer these questions as YES− Are the results intended to be repeatable? − Will the result be made operational?− Are you using the result to make decisions or monitor progress?
Analytics and Data Science is more variable− What is the level of experimentation?− Is AI or machine learning involved? − Are there algorithmic models involved?
Other questions to consider− Does any of the data leave the organization? − What are the regulatory constraints?
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An Engineering Process to Define the Correct Architecture
Break all the previous notions. Remember thereis no mandate for any particular architecture, like Data Warehouse, Data Mart, Operational Data Store and a Data Lake.
Any combination is possible, as long as it meets business needs.
17
Understand Business Strategy
and Goals
Determine Needs for
Operations and Mgmt.
Determine Data Needs for Planning and Analysis
Determine Org.
Support
Develop Best-Fit
Architecture
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Organizational Considerations
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What’s the Progression?
pg 19© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
Data analytic tools and approaches go in and out of favor.
CENTRALIZED
DE-CENTRALIZED
Data Science
• Focused group of advanced data processing
Business Intelligence Competency Center
• Centralized capability to enable efficiencies
Analytics Workbench
• Facilitation of self-service analytics via centralized toolset
Self-Service Business Intelligence
• Shifting greater flexibility to the user
Business-driven Analytics
• Purchase and implementation via cloud, independent of IT
Citizen Data Scientist
• More automated, visual data processing enabling broader adoption
TOOLS APPROACHES
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Organizational Drivers
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IT DrivenBusiness Used
Business DrivenIT Supported
STRATEGY
RegulatoryExternal / Reputation
Internal ExperimentationChaos Drives Innovation
RISK TOLERANCE
SpecializedHard to find
More GeneralCross-functional
SKILLS
Centralized Decentralized
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Organizational Principles/Decision Factors
Business volatility/variability− How frequently does your business change?
Skills− How adaptable are your people?
Alignment− How well do you collaborate across functions?
Regulatory requirements− How tightly does your data need to be controlled?
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Evolution Between BI, Analytics and Data Science
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Hierarchy of Data Use Solutions
pg 23© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
AI
Operational Analytics/CEP
Analytic Experimentation
What If
Investigate
Operate
Monitor
DESCRIPTIVE
DIAGNOSTIC
PREDICTIVE
PRESCRIPTIVE
HIN
DSIG
HTIN
SIGH
TFO
RESI
GHT
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Summary: When to Use One or the Other
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USAGE BASIS
WHAT HAPPENED?
WHY DID IT HAPPEN?
WHAT WILL HAPPEN?
MAKE IT HAPPEN BY
ITSELF
WHAT DO I WANT TO HAPPEN?
WHAT SHOULD WE
DO NEXT?
PERCEIVED MATURITY
REPORTING ANALYZING PREDICTIVE OPERATION-ALIZE
ADAPTIVE FORESIGHT
SOLUTION CATEGORY
CAPABILITY
REPORTING BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE INITIAL ANALYTICS
ADVANCED ANALYTICS / DATA SCIENCE
SURVIVAL/ OPERATE
OPERATE/MANAGE MANAGE/ PLAN
ANTICIPATE/AUTOMATE
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What Comes Next
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Data Science Enables the Future of Analytics
pg 26© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
User 1.0
To each their own..•Persona•Tools/Language•Containers
Data 1.0
Fragmented Datasets•Isolated controls•Orphaned Models•Access patterns
Technology 1.0
To each their own…•Analytical
Tools/Algorithms•Visualization Models•Platforms –
exploration to deployment
User 2.0 Self-service power persona
Data 2.0Integrated, secure, logical data warehouse
Technology 2.0
In-placeAnalytically completePlatform virtualization
Analytics 1.0Aggregate
Dashboards/BI
Analytics 2.0Connected/Mashed
Datasets
Analytics 3.0Analytics-in-place at
Scale
Analytics 4.0Cognitive/Multimodal
Insights; Deep Learning
Hypothesis testing
Rapid Experimentation
In-situ/CEP Insights
Artificial Intelligence
The rise of Deep Learning
Source: May 2017 DIA webinar (Data Scientist interview)
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Key Take-Aways
There are many definitions for BI and Analytics. ‒ Your environment to deliver data will never fall into one single
definition.
The architectures for delivery will vary widely over time within a single organization.
– Focus on fit for purpose.
Use a formal process to determine where and how the data supply chain is sourced, executed, managed and supported.
‒ Do not adopt external reference architecture without an alignment exercise.
BI, Analytics and Data Science will continue to evolve.– Don’t be afraid to “fail fast” within a comfortable cost structure.
pg 27© 2017 First San Francisco Partners www.firstsanfranciscopartners.com
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Questions?
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MONTHLY SERIES
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Thank you for joining – thanks, also, toLooker.com for sponsoring the webinar.
Please join us Thursday, Oct. 5 for the“Data Lake Architecture” webinar.
Kelle O’Neal @[email protected]