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ANAND S JTO DTS ERNAKULAM

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Why you require a transmission system? Between exchanges dedicated media is expensive. Therefore a system is required (called transmission system) which is able to carry the bulk traffic via a single media.

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Voice Frequency ranges upto 4 Khz Sampling the Voice Signal @ 8 Khz (Double the Max. Frequency)=8000samples/s 8 bits per sample Digital Bit Rate: 8Kbps X 8 = 64 Kbps BUILDING UP THE BASE STREAM (2MB)

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BUILDING UP THE BASE STREAM (2MB) One sample duration (approx) = 4 s Duration between samples = 125 s

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BUILDING UP THE BASE STREAM (2MB) 30 Voice Channels @ 64 Kbps One channel for Frame (64 Kbps) One channel for Signaling (64 Kbps) Total number of Channels = 32 Bit Rate: 32 X 64 K= 2048 Kbps(2Mb )

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THE TRUCK ANALOGY PAYLOAD OVERHEAD

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THE TRUCK ANALOGY PAYLOAD OVERHEAD

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THE TRUCK PAYLOAD OVERHEAD

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PDH BIT RATES E1-2048 Kbps (2MB) [30 Voice Channel] E2-8448 Kbps (8MB) [120 Voice Channel] E3-34368 Kbps (34MB) [480 Voice Channel] E4-139264 Kbps (140MB) [1920 Voice Channel ]

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SDH BIT RATES 1 E1 = 2048 kbps STM1 = 63 E1 + OH bytes = 155.52Mbps STM4 = 4*STM-1 =622.08 Mbps STM16 = 16*STM-1 = 2488.32 Mbps(2.5G) STM64 = 64*STM-1= 9953.28 Mbps

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SDH Network Elements Regenerators Terminal Multiplexers Add-drop Multiplexers (ADM) Multiple Add drop Multiplexers (MADM) Digital cross connects

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Regenerators whenever transmission over 50 km They terminate and regenerate the optical signal n n i/p signal Regenerated o/p signal

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Regenerators..

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Terminal Multiplexer (TM) Accept a number of tributary signals multiplex them to appropriate optical/electrical aggregate signal One line port To create Linear topology Line port Tributary ports N n n

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Terminal Multiplexer (TM).. Input is low bit rate PDH or SDH signal Output is high bit rate SDH signal

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Linear Topology using TM Here n can be STM -1,STM-4 or SRM-16 Ring topology not possible using TM Only point to point linear topology possible For that we need ADM or MADM Line port n n TM at Alleppey TM at Ernakulam n n n n

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Add Drop Multiplexer (ADM) Here n can be STM -1,STM-4 or SRM-16 Ring topology & point to point linear topology is possible using ADM Can be operated in a throughmode fashion Line port 1Line port 2 n n Tributary port 1

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Line port n n TM at Alleppey TM at Ernakulam n n n n n n ADM at cherthala Point to multi point linear topology using ADM and TM Ring topology using ADM n n n n n n n n An STM-n ring TVM ALP ENK KTM

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Add Drop Multiplexer (ADM)...

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Digital Cross Connect (DXC) Here n can be STM -1,STM-4 or SRM-16 Mesh Topology also possible using DXC DXC STM-N

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Digital Cross Connect (DXC)... Input : many STM- N signals Output: many STM-N signals

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Multiple-Add Drop Multiplexer (MADM ) Equipment used to Add (Input) Drop (Output) Mux - Demux and cross connect tributaries (O&E) of different types and data rates. An actual Hardware Software extension of existing ADM

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Comparison between ADM and MDM MADM is an Improved (Hardware and Software) Version of ADM ADM MADM 2 Number of STM 16 Line ports Available. Hence Only Single Ring Configuration Possible 4 Number of STM 16 ports. Double Ring Configuration within single equipment. Hence Ring to Ring connectivity is possible without physical BUP, traffic interruption is less Less Number of InterfacesMaximum Number of Optical and Electrical Interfaces available Ethernet support is very minimalWide range of Ethernet support including GbE Ports

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ADM Station A Station B Station C Station D ADMRing ADM Ring MADMRing MADM Ring MADM Ring ARing B

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TEJAS TJ100MC-16 MADM TEJAS TJ100MC-16 MADM Actual Figure Slots 9,10,11,12 - STM-16 Line Cards (A010000) Slot 1&6 - 252E1 Termination Card (TET252E1) Slot 3 - 8GE+32FE+32FX Ports Card (ELAN05D) Alarm Display Panel Multi Function Card (MFC3) Cooling Fans Slot 2 - 8xSTM1o + 8xSTM1e (AGG06) Slots 7&8 Extended Cross Connect Cards (XCET) Slots 4&5 - Cross Connection Control Cards (XCC05)

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TEJAS TJ100MC-16 MADM VARIOUS PORTS TEJAS TJ100MC-16 MADM VARIOUS PORTS Actual Figure

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MADM/ ADM FDFFDF FDFFDF TJBTJB TJBTJB 12/24 Cable Patch CordPig Tail DDFDDF DDFDDF ADFADF ADFADF Block diagram of signal flow of an E-1 signal in DTS

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ADFDDF

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FDF TJB

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Block diagram of signal flow of STM-1 signal in DTS MADM/AD M FDFFDF FDFFDF TJBTJB TJBTJB 12/24 Cable Patch CordPig Tail Tributary Signal

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TEJAS MADM NMS Web User Interface (WUI) NE Information Page

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TEJAS MADM NMS WUI Node Slot View

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MS-SPRING- Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring simultaneously protects all tributaries in STM extension of 1:1 to ring topology half of OC-N capacity devoted to protection only half capacity available for traffic wrap-around

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View MS-SP Ring Page

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Add-drop Provisioning Provisioning of traffic in an ADM or MADM is by adding and droppping using crossconnections Add-drop provisioning is typically done by the network management system

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ADM 2 ADM 2 ADM 3 ADM 3 ADM 1 ADM 4 ADM 4 STM 16 Ring Drop 3-1 Add 1-3 Add 3-4 Drop Add and Drop Example STM-16 Ring 16 x STM-1 channels Provisioning: At ADM 1 Add the STM-1 Create crossconnect from Tributary to Line side At ADM 2 Software built-up between line side ports At ADM 3 Drop the STM -1 Create cross connection from Line side to Tributary

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MADMandADMPhysicalComparison MADM and ADM - Physical Comparison TJ100MC-16 MADM TJ100MC-16 ADM

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TJ100MC-16MADM Manufactured by M/s Bangalore

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TEJAS TJ100MC-16MADM Configuration A Configuration: AGG: 4xSTM-16 L16.2 Service: 8xSTM1, 8xSTM1e, 504E1, 8GE, 32FE, 32FX InterfaceCard NameNo of cards Total BandwidthSlot Nos 4xSTM16A010000410G9,10,11,12 8xSTM1o+ 8xSTM1eAGG0612.5G2,6 504E1TET252E121.25G1,3,6 8GE+32FE+32FXELAN05D12.5G1,3,6 Cross connection cardXCC0522.5G4,5

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TEJAS TJ100MC-16MADM Configuration B Configuration: AGG: 2xSTM-16 L16.2 Service: 2xSTM4, 16xSTM1, 16xSTM1e, 252E1, 4GE, 16FE, 16FX InterfaceCardsNo of cards Total BandwidthSlot Nos 2xSTM16A01000025G9,10,11,12 1xSTM4+8xSTM1o+ 8xSTM1e AGG0723.122G2,6 252E1TET 252E110.622G1,3,6 4GE+16FE+16FXELAN05S12.5G1,3,6 Cross connection cardXCC0522.5G4,5

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TEJAS TJ100MC-16MADM Configuration C Configuration: AGG: 2xSTM-16 L16.2 Service: 8xSTM1, 8xSTM1e, 252E1, 8GE, 32FE, 32FX, 3xE3/DS3 InterfaceCardsNo of cards Total BandwidthSlot Nos 2xSTM16A01000025G7,8,9,10 8xSTM1o+ 8xSTM1eAGG0612.5G2 252E1+3xE3/DS3COM110.777G1,3,6 8GE+32FE+32FXELAN05D12.5G1,3,6 Cross connection cardXCC0522.5G4,5

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Local Access Accessing NMS WUI Page Ethernet Straight Cable TEJAS TJ100MC MADM Client PC URL is http://192.168.1.254:20080http://192.168.1.254:20080 NMS Port

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