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e-Anatomy e-Anatomi

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e-ANATOMY: ANATOMICAL DIAGRAMS OF THE SPINE AND BACK e-ANATOMI: DIAGRAM ANATOMIS DARI SPINE DAN KEMBALI

SECTION: ANATOMY OF THE SPINE AND THE SPINAL CORD BAGIAN: ANATOMI SPINE ATAS dan sumsum tulang belakang

Published on Thursday 10 September 2009 Diterbitkan pada hari Kamis 10 September 2009

by Antoine Micheau - MD, Denis Hoa - MD oleh Antoine Micheau - MD, Denis Hoa - MD

Size: Ukuran: Small Kecil Medium Medium Large Besar XLarge XLarge

Images and anatomical references Gambar dan referensi anatomis

Anatomical parts Anatomi bagian

Comments Komentar

This human anatomy module is composed of diagrams, illustrations and 3D views of the back, cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal areas as well as the various vertebrae. Modul anatomi manusia terdiri dari diagram, ilustrasi dan tampilan 3D dari belakang, daerah tulang belakang servikal, toraks dan lumbal serta tulang belakang yang beragam. It unites the osteology, arthrology and myology of the spine and back. Ini menyatukan ilmu tulang, arthrology dan myology tulang belakang dan punggung.

It is consequently of particular interest to physiotherapists, osteopaths, rheumatologists, neurosurgeons, orthopaedic surgeons and general practitioners, especially for the study and understanding of diseases of the back and spine (lumbago, sciatica, herniated disc...). Hal ini akibatnya menarik bagi ahli fisioterapi, ahli osteopati, rheumatologists, ahli bedah saraf, ahli bedah ortopedi dan dokter umum, terutama untuk studi dan pemahaman tentang penyakit pada punggung dan tulang belakang (sakit pinggang, linu panggul, herniated disc ...).

Left view of the lumbar vertebral column (Illustration : A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomy - Imaios) Kiri pandangan dari ruas tulang belakang lumbar (Ilustrasi: A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomi - Imaios)

Anatomical diagrams of the spine and back Anatomi diagram tulang belakang dan belakang

These diagrams and original illustrations were produced from 3D medical imaging reconstructions of the spine and back by Dr. Antoine Micheau. Ini diagram dan ilustrasi asli yang dihasilkan dari rekonstruksi 3D pencitraan medis dari tulang belakang dan belakang oleh Dr Antoine Micheau. All the images are in vector format, allowing an optimal web display with zoom and shifting of the

anatomical images. Semua gambar dalam format vektor, memungkinkan suatu tampilan web yang optimal dengan zoom dan pergeseran gambar anatomi.

3d-view of a cervical vertebra adapted from a CT scan 3d-view dari vertebra serviks diadaptasi dari CT scan

Chapters comprising this atlas of spinal anatomy Bab yang terdiri atlas ini anatomi tulang belakang

A general view of the spine with the various levels (cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal regions, sacrum and coccyx) as well as the physiological curvature of the spine (cervical and lumbar lordosis, thoracic and sacral kyphosis). Pandangan umum dari tulang belakang dengan berbagai tingkatan (daerah tulang belakang servikal, toraks dan lumbal, sacrum dan tulang ekor) serta lengkungan fisiologis tulang belakang (lordosis servikal dan lumbal, kyphosis toraks dan sakral).

Vertebral column: Anterior view, Posterior view, Lateral view - 3D rendering Vertebral kolom: pandangan anterior, posterior pandangan, pandangan lateral - 3D rendering

The bony structures of the cervical vertebrae (C1 to C7) as well as lateral views of anatomical and anterolateral cervical spine. Para tulang struktur tulang leher (C1 ke C7) serta pandangan lateral tulang belakang leher anatomi dan anterolateral.

The thoracic vertebrae (T1 to T12) in top, bottom and lateral views. Vertebra toraks (T1 untuk T12) di atas, pandangan bawah dan lateral.

The lumbar vertebrae (L5 L1A) with an anterolateral view showing the joints in two lumbar vertebrae and an illustration of the lateral lumbar spine surface. Vertebra lumbalis (L1A L5) dengan pemandangan anterolateral menampilkan sendi dalam dua vertebra lumbal dan ilustrasi dari permukaan tulang rusuk lumbal.

The sacrum and coccyx, in lateral, superior, anterior and posterior views as well as sagittal and axial sections of the sacrum and coccyx. Sakrum dan tulang ekor, di lateral, superior, pandangan anterior dan posterior serta bagian sagital dan aksial dari sakrum dan tulang ekor.

A chapter on joints and ligaments of the spine, including atlanto-axial joints, costovertebral joints and the sacroiliac and sacro-coccygeal joints. Sebuah bab pada sendi dan ligamen tulang belakang, termasuk atlanto-aksial sendi, sendi kostovertebral dan sacroiliac dan sakro-coccygeal sendi.

Anterior view of the sacrum - 3D reconstruction Anterior pandangan sakrum - rekonstruksi 3D

The myology of the spine and back unites several muscle groups: Para myology tulang belakang dan kembali menyatukan beberapa kelompok otot:

The suboccipital muscles (splenius muscle, semispinalis muscles of the neck and head and interspinous neck muscles...) Para suboccipital otot (splenius otot, semispinalis otot-otot leher dan kepala dan otot leher interspinous ...)

The muscles of the back with the surface (trapezius, latissimus dorsi, thoracolumbar fascia, deltoid) and intermediate layers (serrated muscles, external and internal oblique muscle). Otot-otot bagian belakang dengan permukaan (trapezius, latissimus dorsi, fasia torakolumbalis, deltoid) dan lapisan menengah (bergerigi otot, otot oblik eksternal dan internal).

The back muscles proper with on the one hand an anatomical plate-type representation and on the other a schematic view of the origin and insertion of the proper muscles of the back (iliocostal muscle of the neck, lumbar (lumbar and thoracic parts), longissimus muscles of head, neck and thorax, the spinalis muscles of the neck and thorax, semispinalis muscle of the head, neck and thorax, lateral intertransverse muscles of the loins...) Bagian belakang otot-otot yang tepat dengan di satu sisi representasi piring-jenis anatomi dan pada pandangan lain skematik asal dan penyisipan otot-otot yang tepat dari belakang (otot iliocostal leher, pinggang (bagian lumbal dan toraks), Longissimus otot-otot kepala, leher dan dada, otot spinalis dari leher dan dada, otot semispinalis kepala, leher dan dada, otot intertransverse lateral pinggang ...)

A schematic view of the muscles of the back proper represents the multifidus muscles of the neck, chest and lower back and the rotator muscles of the neck, chest and loin. Sebuah pandangan skematis dari otot-otot punggung yang tepat merupakan otot multifidus dari leher, dada dan punggung bawah dan otot-otot rotator leher, dada dan pinggang. The short elevator muscles of the ribs and long elevator muscles of the ribs as well as the quadratus lumborum are also represented.

Otot-otot lift pendek dari tulang rusuk dan otot lift panjang rusuk serta lumborum kuadratus juga diwakili.

Finally a diagram summarises the insertion and origin of the transversal spinalis muscles (semispinalis, multifidus and rotator muscles). Akhirnya diagram merangkum penyisipan dan asal dari otot-otot spinalis transversal (semispinalis, multifidus dan otot rotator).

NB: the nomenclature of the muscles of the spine varies greatly depending on the source, so we have scrupulously followed the Terminologia Anatomica. NB: tata nama dari otot-otot tulang belakang sangat bervariasi tergantung pada sumber, jadi kami telah cermat mengikuti anatomica Terminologia.

Anatomy of the cervical vertebral column (Illustration : A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomy - Imaios) Anatomi tulang punggung leher rahim (Ilustrasi: A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomi - Imaios)

Muscles of back and back proper (Illustration : A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomy - Imaios) Otot-otot punggung dan belakang yang tepat (Ilustrasi: A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomi - Imaios)

Finally different sections of the spine and adjacent structures are represented: Akhirnya bagian yang berbeda dari tulang belakang dan struktur yang berdekatan diwakili:

Cervical spine sections regarding the atlas (C1), the C4 and C7 vertebrae with paraspinal muscles, the muscles of the neck and back as well as the relationship with the jugulocarotid axis and the ENT structures Cervical bagian tentang atlas (C1), C4 dan C7 tulang dengan otot paraspinal, otot-otot leher dan punggung serta hubungan dengan sumbu jugulocarotid dan struktur THT

Anatomical sections of the dorsal vertebrae in relation to T4 and T12 vertebrae (costovertebral joints, muscles of the chest wall, arteries, veins and intercostal nerves...) Anatomi bagian tulang belakang punggung dalam kaitannya dengan vertebra T12 T4 dan (sendi kostovertebral, otot-otot dinding dada, arteri, urat dan saraf interkostal ...)

Anatomical section of the lumbar vertebra L4 with the psoas muscles in front, the different fascias, muscles of the abdominal wall. Anatomi bagian dari vertebra lumbalis L4 dengan otot-otot psoas di depan, fascias berbeda, otot-otot dinding perut.

Anatomical section of the sacrum and sacroiliac joints, with sacroiliac ligaments, bone structures, the termination of the thoracolumbar fascia, the sacral canal and hip muscles... Anatomi bagian sendi sacrum dan sacroiliac, dengan ligamen sacroiliac, struktur tulang, penghentian fasia torakolumbalis, kanal sakral dan otot pinggul ...

Transverse section on C4 vertebra (Illustration : A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomy - Imaios) Transverse bagian C4 vertebra (Ilustrasi: A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomi - Imaios)

Using this atlas of human anatomy dedicated to spine and back Menggunakan atlas anatomi manusia didedikasikan untuk tulang belakang dan belakang

The "anatomical structures" tab allows you to choose to display the various structures in colour illustrations of the anatomy of the back and spine: vertebrae, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, muscular system, fascia, arteries, veins, nerves and various adjacent organs. The "anatomi struktur" tab memungkinkan Anda untuk memilih untuk menampilkan berbagai struktur dalam ilustrasi warna anatomi bagian belakang dan tulang belakang: tulang belakang, tulang, sendi, ligamen, otot, sistem otot, fasia, arteri, vena, saraf dan berdekatan berbagai organ.

Diagram of costovertebral joints anatomy (A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomy - Imaios) Diagram anatomi sendi kostovertebral (A. Micheau, MD - E-anatomi - Imaios)

The "illustrations" tab is used to navigate between illustrations devoted to the osteology of the spine, the joints and ligament structures of the vertebrae and ribs, the myology of the back and spine and anatomical sections of the human body. The "ilustrasi" tab digunakan untuk menavigasi antara ilustrasi dikhususkan untuk ilmu tulang dari tulang belakang, sendi dan struktur sendi tulang vertebra dan iga, myology bagian belakang dan tulang belakang dan bagian anatomi tubuh manusia.

Terminology and languages Terminologi dan bahasa

The nomenclature in osteology is relatively stable, but against it are enormous differences between the old French nomenclature, the new frenchified nomenclature and the Terminologia Anatomica. Tata nama dalam ilmu tulang relatif stabil, tetapi melawan itu perbedaan besar antara nomenklatur Perancis lama, nomenklatur frenchified baru dan anatomica Terminologia. For example, the small muscles and large complexus, the epispinal muscles... Sebagai contoh, otot-otot kecil dan complexus besar, otot-otot epispinal ... etc., are no longer referred to in the same manner. dll, tidak lagi disebut dengan cara yang sama.

'Intertransversarii laterales lumborum - Musculi intertransversarii laterales lumborum - Dorsal parts - Partes dorsales 'Intertransversarii laterales lumborum - Musculi intertransversarii laterales lumborum - bagian punggung - Partes dorsales

Abdominal aorta - Aorta abdominalis Abdominal aorta - abdominalis Aorta

Accessory process - Processus accessorius Aksesori proses - prosesus aksesorius

Ala; Wing - Ala ossis sacri Ala; Wing - Ala ossis sacri

Anatomical structures - Anatomical parts Anatomi struktur - bagian Anatomi

Anterior - Anterior Anterior - Anterior

Anterior arch - Arcus anterior atlantis Anterior lengkung - Arcus anterior atlantis

Anterior articular facet - Facies articularis anterior Artikular anterior faset - fasies anterior articularis

Anterior atlantooccipital membrane - Membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior Anterior atlantooccipital membran - membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior

Anterior longitudinal ligament - Ligamentum longitudinale anterius Anterior ligamentum longitudinal yang - Ligamentum longitudinale anterius

Anterior rami; Ventral rami - Rami anteriores; Rami ventrales Anterior rami; rami Ventral - Rami anteriores; Rami ventrales

Anterior sacral foramina - Foramina sacralia anteriora Anterior sakral foramen - foramen sacralia anteriora

Anterior sacroiliac ligament - Ligamentum sacroiliacum anterius Sacroiliac anterior ligamen - Ligamentum sacroiliacum anterius

Anterior tubercle - Tuberculum anterius Anterior tuberkulum - Tuberculum anterius

Anular epiphysis - Epiphysis anularis Anular epiphysis - anularis epiphysis

Anulus fibrosus - Anulus fibrosus Anulus fibrosus - anulus fibrosus

Apex - Apex dentis Apex - Apex dentis

Apex - Apex ossis sacri; Apex ossis sacralis Apex - Apex ossis sacri; Apex ossis sacralis

Apical ligament of dens - Ligamentum apicis dentis Apikal ligamen dari sarang - Ligamentum apicis dentis

Arteries - Arteriae Arteri - Arteriae

Articular facet - Facies articularis capitis costae Artikular segi - fasies articularis capitis costae

Articular facet - Facies articularis tuberculi costae Artikular segi - fasies articularis tuberculi costae

Atlantooccipital joint - Articulatio atlantooccipitalis Atlantooccipital bersama - atlantooccipitalis articulatio

Atlas [CI] - Atlas [CI] Atlas [CI] - Atlas [CI]

Auricular surface - Facies auricularis Aurikularis permukaan - fasies auricularis

Axial cross section - Axial cross section Aksial penampang - penampang aksial

Axis [C II] - Axis [C II] Axis [C II] - Axis [C II]

Azygos vein - Vena azygos Azigos vena - Vena azigos

Back to image index - Back to image index Kembali ke indeks gambar - Kembali ke indeks gambar

Base - Basis ossis sacri Dasar - Dasar ossis sacri

Basilar part - Pars basilaris Basilar bagian - Pars basilaris

Bones; Skeletal system - Ossa; Systema skeletale Tulang, sistem rangka - Ossa; Systema skeletale

Brachial plexus - Plexus brachialis Pleksus brakialis - pleksus brakialis

CI - CI CI - CI

CVII - CVII CVII - CVII

Canal for vertebral artery - Canalis arteriae vertebralis Canal untuk arteri vertebralis - Canalis arteriae vertebralis

Carotid tubercle - Tuberculum caroticum Karotis tuberkulum - Tuberculum caroticum

Cauda equina - Cauda equina Cauda equina - kauda equina

Cavity of pharynx - Cavitas pharyngis Rongga faring - Cavitas pharyngis

Cervical fascia - Fascia cervicalis; Fascia colli : Carotid sheath - Vagina carotica Serviks fasia - Fasia cervicalis; Fasia colli: selubung karotis - carotica Vagina

Cervical fascia - Fascia cervicalis; Fascia colli : Investing layer; Superficial layer - Lamina superficialis Serviks fasia - Fasia cervicalis; colli Fasia: lapisan Investasi; lapisan superfisial - superfisialis Lamina

Cervical fascia - Fascia cervicalis; Fascia colli : Pretracheal layer - Lamina pretrachealis Serviks fasia - Fasia cervicalis; Fasia colli: lapisan Pretracheal - pretrachealis Lamina

Cervical lordosis - Lordosis cervicis; Lordosis colli Serviks lordosis - cervicis Lordosis; Lordosis colli

Cervical vertebrae [C IC VII] - Vertebrae cervicales [C IC VII] Serviks vertebra [C IC VII] - vertebrata, bertulang belakang cervicales [C IC VII]

Clivus - Clivus Clivus - Clivus

Coccygeal cornu - Cornu coccygeum Coccygeal kornu - Cornu coccygeum

Coccyx; coccygeal vertebrae [I-IV] - Os coccygis; Coccyx vertebrae coccygeae [I-IV] Tulang ekor; coccygeal tulang belakang [I-IV] - Os coccygis; tulang ekor tulang belakang coccygeae [I-IV]

Colon - Colon Colon - Colon

Costal process - Processus costiformis; Processus costalis (Transverse process - Processus transversus) Pesisir proses - costiformis prosesus; prosesus costalis (proses Transverse - prosesus transversus)

Costotransverse foramen - Foramen - Foramen costotransversarium Foramen Costotransverse - foramen - foramen costotransversarium

Costotransverse joint - Articulatio costotransversaria Costotransverse bersama - articulatio costotransversaria

Costotransverse ligament - Ligamentum costotransversarium Costotransverse ligamen - Ligamentum costotransversarium

Costovertebral joints - Articulationes costovertebrales Kostovertebral sendi - Articulationes costovertebrales

Cross sections - Cross sections Lintas bagian - bagian Palang

Cruciate ligament of atlas - Ligamentum cruciforme atlantis Cruciate ligament dari atlas - Ligamentum cruciforme atlantis

Deep branch - Ramus profundus Dalam cabang - sobernana profunda

Deep investing fascia - Fascia investiens profunda Investasi dalam fasia - Fasia investiens profunda

Deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament - Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius profundum; Ligamentum sacrococcygeum dorsale profundum Jauh ligamen sacrococcygeal posterior - Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius profundum; Ligamentum sacrococcygeum dorsale profundum

Deltoid - Musculus deltoideus Deltoideus - musculus deltoideus

Dens - Dens axis Dens - Dens sumbu

Diaphragm - Diaphragma Diafragma - diaphragma

Dorsal surface - Facies dorsalis Punggung permukaan - fasies dorsalis

Erector spinae - Musculus erector spinae Erector spinae - musculus erector spinae

Erector spinae aponeurosis - Aponeurosis m. Erector spinae aponeurosis - m aponeurosis. erectoris spinae erectoris spinae

External carotid artery - Arteria carotis externa Eksternal karotis arteri - carotis eksterna arteria

External iliac artery - Arteria iliaca externa Iliaka eksternal arteri - arteria iliaca externa

External iliac vein - Vena iliaca externa Vena iliaka eksternal - Vena iliaca externa

External intercostal muscle - Musculi intercostales externi Eksternal interkostal otot - Musculi intercostales externi

External jugular vein - Vena jugularis externa Vena jugularis eksternal - Vena jugularis eksterna

External oblique - Musculus obliquus externus abdominis Eksternal miring - musculus Obliquus eksternus abdominis

Facet for dens - Fovea dentis Facet untuk sarang - fovea dentis

False ribs [VIII-XII] - Costae spuriae [VIII-XII] Rusuk palsu [VIII-XII] - Costae spuriae [VIII-XII]

Fascia - Fasciae Fasia - Fasciae

First rib [I] - Costa prima [I] Pertama tulang rusuk [I] - Costa prima [I]

Floating ribs [XI-XII] - Costae fluctuantes [XI-XII] Iga Mengambang [XI-XII] - Costae fluctuantes [XI-XII]

Foramen - Foramen transversarium - Foramen - Foramen transversarium Foramen - foramen transversarium - foramen - transversarium foramen

Gluteal aponeurosis - Aponeurosis glutea Glutealis aponeurosis - glutea aponeurosis

Gluteus maximus - Musculus gluteus maximus Gluteus maximus - musculus gluteus maximus

Gluteus medius - Musculus gluteus medius Gluteus medius - musculus gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus - Musculus gluteus minimus Paling bungsu gluteus - musculus gluteus paling bungsu

Groove for spinal nerve - Sulcus nervi spinalis Groove untuk saraf tulang belakang - Sulcus Nervi spinalis

Groove for vertebral artery - Sulcus arteriae vertebralis Groove untuk arteri vertebralis - Sulcus arteriae vertebralis

Head - Caput costae Kepala - Caput costae

Hemiazygos vein; Inferior hemiazygos vein - Vena hemiazygos Hemiazygos vena; inferior vena hemiazygos - Vena hemiazygos

Hip bone; Coxal bone; Pelvic bone - Os coxae Hip tulang; tulang Coxal; tulang panggul - Os coxae

Hyoid bone - Os hyoideum Hyoid tulang - Os hyoideum

Iliacus - Musculus iliacus Iliacus - musculus iliacus

Iliocostalis cervicis - Musculus iliocostalis cervicis; Musculus iliocostalis colli Iliocostalis cervicis - musculus iliocostalis cervicis; musculus iliocostalis colli

Iliocostalis lumborum - Musculus iliocostalis lumborum Iliocostalis lumborum - musculus iliocostalis lumborum

Iliocostalis lumborum - Musculus iliocostalis lumborum : Lumbar part; Lateral division of lumbar erector spinae - Pars lumbalis; Divisio lateralis m. Iliocostalis lumborum - musculus iliocostalis lumborum: bagian Lumbar; divisi lateral spinae lumbal erector - Pars lumbalis; divisio lateralis m. erectoris spinae lumborum erectoris spinae lumborum

Iliocostalis lumborum - Musculus iliocostalis lumborum : Thoracic part - Pars thoracica Iliocostalis lumborum - musculus iliocostalis lumborum: bagian Thoracic - Pars thoracica

Iliopsoas fascia; Fascia iliaca - Fascia iliopsoas; Fascia iliaca Iliopsoas fasia; Fasia iliaca - iliopsoas Fasia; iliaca Fasia

Illustrations - Illustrations Ilustrasi - Ilustrasi

Illustrations - Illustrations : A. Micheau - MD - Illustrations - Illustrations : Arteria Micheau - MD Ilustrasi - Ilustrasi: A. Micheau - MD - Ilustrasi - Ilustrasi: Micheau arteria - MD

Inferior - Inferior Inferior - Inferior

Inferior articular facet - Facies articularis inferior Artikular inferior segi - fasies articularis rendah

Inferior articular process - Processus articularis inferior; Zygapophysis inferior Artikular inferior proses - prosesus articularis rendah; rendah Zygapophysis

Inferior articular surface - Facies articularis inferior Artikular inferior permukaan - fasies articularis rendah

Inferior costal facet - Fovea costalis inferior Inferior pesisir segi - fovea costalis rendah

Inferior gluteal nerve - Nervus gluteus inferior Inferior glutealis saraf - Nervus gluteus rendah

Inferior vena cava - Vena cava inferior Vena cava inferior - Vena cava inferior

Inferior vertebral notch - Incisura vertebralis inferior Inferior vertebra takik - Incisura vertebralis rendah

Infraspinatus - Musculus infraspinatus Infraspinatus - musculus infraspinatus

Infraspinous fascia - Fascia infraspinata Infraspinous fasia - infraspinata Fasia

Innermost intercostal muscle - Musculi intercostales intimi Interkostalis terdalam otot - Musculi intercostales intimi

Intercostal nerves; Anterior rami; Ventral rami - Nervi intercostales; Rami anteriores; Rami ventrales Saraf interkostal; anterior rami; rami Ventral - Nervi intercostales; Rami anteriores; Rami ventrales

Intermediate sacral crest - Crista sacralis medialis Menengah sakral puncak - crista sacralis medialis

Internal carotid artery - Arteria carotis interna Internal carotid arteri - carotis arteria internasional

Internal iliac artery - Arteria iliaca interna Iliaka internal arteri - arteria iliaca interna

Internal iliac vein - Vena iliaca interna Iliaka internal vena - Vena iliaca interna

Internal intercostal muscle - Musculi intercostales interni Internal interkostal otot - Musculi intercostales interni

Internal jugular vein - Vena jugularis interna Internal jugular vein - Vena jugularis interna

Internal oblique - Musculus obliquus internus abdominis Internal miring - musculus Obliquus internus abdominis

Interosseous sacroiliac ligament - Ligamentum sacroiliacum interosseum Sacroiliac interoseus ligamen - Ligamentum sacroiliacum interosseum

Interspinales cervicis - Musculi interspinales cervicis; Musculi interspinales colli Interspinales cervicis - Musculi interspinales cervicis; Musculi interspinales colli

Interspinales lumborum - Musculi interspinales lumborum Interspinales lumborum - Musculi interspinales lumborum

Interspinales thoracis - Musculi interspinales thoracis Interspinales thoracis - Musculi interspinales thoracis

Interspinous ligaments - Ligamenta interspinalia Interspinous ligamen - Ligamenta interspinalia

Intertransverse ligaments - Ligamenta intertransversaria Intertransverse ligamen - Ligamenta intertransversaria

Intervertebral disc - Discus intervertebralis Intervertebralis disk - intervertebralis Discus

Intervertebral foramen - Foramen - Foramen intervertebrale Foramen intervertebralis - foramen - foramen intervertebrale

Intervertebral foramina - Foramina intervertebralia Intervertebralis foramen - intervertebralia foramen

Intervertebral surface - Facies intervertebralis Intervertebralis permukaan - fasies intervertebralis

Intraarticular ligament of head of rib - Ligamentum capitis costae intraarticulare Intraarticular ligamen kepala dari tulang rusuk - Ligamentum capitis costae intraarticulare

Investing abdominal fascia - Fascia investiens abdominis Investasi perut fasia - Fasia investiens abdominis

Jejunum - Jejunum Jejunum - Jejunum

Joint - Junctura Bersama - Junctura

Joint capsule; Articular capsule - Capsula articularis Bersama kapsul; kapsul Artikular - kapsula articularis

Joint of head of rib - Articulatio capitis costae Bersama kepala rusuk - articulatio capitis costae

LI - LI LI - LI

LV - LV LV - LV

Lamina - Lamina arcus vertebrae Lamina - Lamina arcus vertebrae

Lateral - Lateralis Lateralis - Lateral

Lateral atlantoaxial joint - Articulatio atlantoaxialis lateralis Lateral atlantoaxial bersama - articulatio atlantoaxialis lateralis

Lateral costotransverse ligament - Ligamentum costotransversarium laterale Lateral costotransverse ligamen - Ligamentum costotransversarium laterale

Lateral mass - Massa lateralis atlantis Lateral massa - Massa lateralis atlantis

Lateral part - Pars lateralis Lateral bagian - Pars lateralis

Lateral posterior cervical intertransversarii - Musculi intertransversarii posteriores laterales cervicis; Musculi intertransversarii posteriores laterales colli Lateral posterior serviks intertransversarii - Musculi intertransversarii posteriores laterales cervicis; Musculi intertransversarii posteriores laterales colli

Lateral sacral crest - Crista sacralis lateralis Lateral sacral crest - crista sacralis lateralis

Lateral sacrococcygeal ligament - Ligamentum sacrococcygeum laterale Lateral sacrococcygeal ligamen - Ligamentum sacrococcygeum laterale

Latissimus dorsi - Musculus latissimus dorsi Latissimus dorsi - musculus latissimus dorsi

Left common carotid artery - Arteria carotis communis Kiri arteri karotid umum - arteria carotis communis

Left lung - Pulmo sinister Kiri paru - Pulmo seram

Left suprarenal gland - Glandula suprarenalis Kiri suprarenal kelenjar - glandula suprarenalis

Levator scapulae - Musculus levator scapulae Levator skapula - musculus levator skapula

Levatores costarum breves - Musculi levatores costarum breves Levatores costarum breves - Musculi levatores costarum breves

Levatores costarum longi - Musculi levatores costarum longi Levatores costarum longi - Musculi levatores costarum longi

Ligamenta flava - Ligamenta flava Ligamenta flava - flava Ligamenta

Ligaments - Ligamenta Ligamen - Ligamenta

Ligg. Ligg. alaria - Alar ligaments alaria - ligamen Alar

Liver - Hepar Hati - hepar

Longissimus capitis - Musculus longissimus capitis Longissimus capitis - musculus Longissimus capitis

Longissimus cervicis - Musculus longissimus cervicis; Musculus longissimus colli Longissimus cervicis - musculus Longissimus cervicis; musculus Longissimus colli

Longissimus thoracis - Musculus longissimus thoracis Longissimus thoracis - musculus Longissimus thoracis

Longitudinal bands - Fasciculi longitudinales Longitudinal band - Fasciculi longitudinales

Longus capitis - Musculus longus capitis Longus capitis - musculus capitis longus

Longus colli - Musculus longus colli; Musculus longus cervicis Colli longus - musculus longus colli; musculus longus cervicis

Lumbar lordosis - Lordosis lumbalis Lumbar lordosis - Lordosis lumbalis

Lumbar vertebrae [L IL V] - Vertebrae lumbales [L IL V] Lumbar vertebra [L IL V] - vertebrata, bertulang belakang lumbales [L IL V]

Lumbocostal ligament - Ligamentum lumbocostale Lumbocostal ligamen - Ligamentum lumbocostale

Lumbosacral joint - Articulatio lumbosacralis Lumbosakral bersama - articulatio lumbosacralis

Mammillary process - Processus mammillaris Mamiliari proses - prosesus mammillaris

Median atlantoaxial joint - Articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana Median atlantoaxial bersama - articulatio atlantoaxialis Mediana

Median sacral artery - Arteria sacralis mediana Median sakral arteri - arteria sacralis Mediana

Median sacral crest - Crista sacralis mediana Median sakral puncak - crista sacralis Mediana

Median sacral vein - Vena sacralis mediana Median sakral vena - Vena Mediana sacralis

Multifidus - Musculi multifidi Multifidus - Musculi multifidi

Multifidus cervicis - Musculus multifidus cervicis; Musculus multifidus colli Multifidus cervicis - musculus multifidus cervicis; musculus multifidus colli

Multifidus lumborum - Musculus multifidus lumborum Multifidus lumborum - musculus multifidus lumborum

Multifidus thoracis - Musculus multifidus thoracis Multifidus thoracis - musculus multifidus thoracis

Muscles of back - Musculi dorsi Otot-otot punggung - Musculi dorsi

Muscles of back proper - Musculi dorsi proprii Otot-otot punggung yang tepat - Musculi dorsi proprii

Muscles; Muscular system - Musculi; Systema musculare Otot, sistem otot - Musculi; Systema musculare

Neck - Collum costae Leher - Collum costae

Nerves - Nerves Saraf - saraf

Nuchal fascia - Fascia nuchae Nuchal fasia - nuchae Fasia

Nuchal ligament - Ligamentum nuchae Nuchal ligamen - Ligamentum nuchae

Nucleus pulposus - Nucleus pulposus Nucleus pulposus - Nucleus pulposus

Obliquus capitis inferior - Musculus obliquus capitis inferior Obliquus capitis rendah - musculus Obliquus capitis rendah

Obliquus capitis superior - Musculus obliquus capitis superior Obliquus capitis unggul - musculus Obliquus capitis superior

Oesophagus - Oesophagus Esofagus - Esofagus

Organs - Organs Organ - Organ

Ostium primum - Ren; Nephros Ostium primum - Ren; Nephros

Parotid gland - Glandula parotidea Parotid kelenjar - glandula parotidea

Pedicle - Pediculus arcus vertebrae Gagang bunga - Pediculus arcus vertebrae

Pelvic surface - Facies pelvica Panggul permukaan - fasies pelvica

Platysma - Platysma Platysma - platysma

Posterior - Posterior Posterior - posterior

Posterior arch - Arcus posterior atlantis Posterior lengkungan - atlantis posterior Arcus

Posterior articular facet - Facies articularis posterior Artikular posterior facet - fasies posterior articularis

Posterior atlantooccipital membrane - Membrana atlantooccipitalis posterior Posterior atlantooccipital membran - membrana posterior atlantooccipitalis

Posterior intercostal arteries - Arteriae intercostales posteriores Posterior arteri interkostal - Arteriae intercostales posteriores

Posterior intercostal veins - Venae intercostales posteriores Posterior interkostal vena - Venae intercostales posteriores

Posterior longitudinal ligament - Ligamentum longitudinale posterius Posterior ligamentum longitudinal yang - Ligamentum longitudinale posterius

Posterior rami; Dorsal rami - Rami posteriores; Rami dorsales Posterior rami; punggung rami - Rami posteriores; Rami dorsales

Posterior sacral foramina - Foramina sacralia posteriora Posterior foramen sakral - foramen sacralia posteriora

Posterior sacroiliac ligament - Ligamentum sacroiliacum posterius Sacroiliac posterior ligamen - Ligamentum sacroiliacum posterius

Posterior tubercle - Tuberculum posterius Tuberkulum posterior - Tuberculum posterius

Promontory - Promontorium Tanjung - Promontorium

Psoas major - Musculus psoas major Psoas utama - musculus psoas utama

Quadratus lumborum - Musculus quadratus lumborum Kuadratus lumborum - musculus kuadratus lumborum

Radiate ligament of head of rib - Ligamentum capitis costae radiatum Memancarkan ligamen kepala dari tulang rusuk - Ligamentum capitis costae radiatum

Rectus capitis posterior major - Musculus rectus capitis posterior major Musculus rectus capitis posterior utama - rektus posterior utama capitis

Rectus capitis posterior minor - Musculus rectus capitis posterior minor Rektus capitis posterior minor - musculus rectus capitis posterior minor

Rhomboid major - Musculus rhomboideus major Rhomboid utama - rhomboideus musculus utama

Rhomboid minor - Musculus rhomboideus minor Rhomboid minor - musculus rhomboideus kecil

Rib - Costa Rib - Costa

Right lung - Pulmo dexter Hak paru - Pulmo dexter

Right suprarenal gland - Glandula suprarenalis Hak suprarenal kelenjar - glandula suprarenalis

Rigth common carotid artery - Arteria carotis communis Rigth arteri karotid umum - arteria carotis communis

Rotatores - Musculi rotatores Rotatores - Musculi rotatores

Rotatores cervicis - Musculi rotatores cervicis; Musculi rotatores colli Rotatores cervicis - Musculi rotatores cervicis; Musculi rotatores colli

Rotatores lumborum muscles - Musculi rotatores lumborum Rotatores lumborum otot - Musculi rotatores lumborum

Rotatores thoracis - Musculi rotatores thoracis Rotatores thoracis - Musculi rotatores thoracis

SI - SI SI - SI

SV - SV SV - SV

Sacral canal - Canalis sacralis Sacral kanal - Canalis sacralis

Sacral hiatus - Hiatus sacralis Sacral hiatus - sacralis Hiatus

Sacral horn - Cornu sacrale Sacral tanduk - Cornu sacrale

Sacral kyphosis - Kyphosis sacralis Sacral kyphosis - sacralis Kifosis

Sacral tuberosity - Tuberositas ossis sacri Sacral tuberositas - Tuberositas ossis sacri

Sacrococcygeal joint - Articulatio sacrococcygea Sacrococcygeal bersama - articulatio sacrococcygea

Sacrospinous ligament - Ligamentum sacrospinale Sacrospinous ligamen - Ligamentum sacrospinale

Sacrotuberous ligament - Ligamentum sacrotuberale Sacrotuberous ligamen - Ligamentum sacrotuberale

Sacrum - Os sacrum Sacrum - Os sacrum

Sagittal - Sagittalis Sagital - Sagittalis

Scalenus anterior; Anterior scalene - Musculus scalenus anterior Skalenus anterior; sisi tak sama panjang anterior - musculus skalenus anterior

Scalenus medius; Middle scalene - Musculus scalenus medius Skalenus medius; Tengah sisi tak sama panjang - musculus skalenus medius

Scalenus posterior; Posterior scalene - Musculus scalenus posterior Skalenus posterior; sisi tak sama panjang posterior - musculus skalenus posterior

Scapula - Scapula Skapula - Scapula

Semispinalis - Musculus semispinalis Semispinalis - musculus semispinalis

Semispinalis capitis - Musculus semispinalis capitis Capitis Semispinalis - musculus semispinalis capitis

Semispinalis cervicis - Musculus semispinalis cervicis; Musculus semispinalis colli Semispinalis cervicis - musculus semispinalis cervicis; musculus semispinalis colli

Semispinalis thoracis - Musculus semispinalis thoracis Semispinalis thoracis - musculus semispinalis thoracis

Serratus anterior - Musculus serratus anterior Serratus anterior - musculus serratus anterior

Serratus posterior inferior - Musculus serratus posterior inferior Serratus posterior inferior - musculus serratus posterior rendah

Serratus posterior superior - Musculus serratus posterior superior Serratus posterior superior - musculus serratus posterior superior

Sigmoid colon - Colon sigmoideum Kolon sigmoid - Colon sigmoideum

Spinal cord - Medulla spinalis Spinal kabel - Medulla spinalis

Spinal nerves - Nervi spinales Spinal saraf - Nervi spinales

Spinalis cervicis - Musculus spinalis cervicis; Musculus spinalis colli Spinalis cervicis - musculus spinalis cervicis; musculus spinalis colli

Spinalis thoracis - Musculus spinalis thoracis Spinalis thoracis - musculus spinalis thoracis

Spinous process - Processus spinosus Spinosus proses - prosesus spinosus

Spleen - Splen; Lien Limpa - Splen; Lien

Splenius capitis - Musculus splenius capitis Splenius capitis - musculus splenius capitis

Splenius cervicis - Musculus splenius cervicis; Musculus splenius colli Splenius cervicis - musculus splenius cervicis; musculus splenius colli

Sternocleidomastoid - Musculus sternocleidomastoideus Sternokleidomastoid - musculus sternocleidomastoideus

Stomach - Gaster Perut - lambung

Suboccipital muscles - Musculi suboccipitales Suboccipital otot - Musculi suboccipitales

Subscapularis - Musculus subscapularis Subskapularis - musculus subskapularis

Superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament - Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius superficiale; Ligamentum sacrococcygeum dorsale superficiale Superficial ligamen sacrococcygeal posterior - Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius superficiale; Ligamentum sacrococcygeum dorsale superficiale

Superior - Superior Superior - Unggul

Superior articular facet - Facies articularis superior Artikular superior facet - fasies unggul articularis

Superior articular process - Processus articularis superior Proses artikular superior - prosesus articularis unggul

Superior articular process - Processus articularis superior; Zygapophysis superior Artikular superior proses - prosesus articularis superior, unggul Zygapophysis

Superior articular surface - Facies articularis superior Artikular superior permukaan - fasies articularis unggul

Superior costal facet - Fovea costalis superior Unggul pesisir segi - fovea costalis unggul

Superior costotransverse ligament - Ligamentum costotransversarium superius Unggul costotransverse ligamen - Ligamentum costotransversarium superius

Superior gluteal artery - Arteria glutea superior Glutealis superior arteri - arteria glutea unggul

Superior gluteal nerve - Nervus gluteus superior Saraf gluteal superior - Nervus gluteus unggul

Superior gluteal vein - Vena gluteae superiore Unggul glutealis vena - Vena gluteae Superiore

Superior vertebral notch - Incisura vertebralis superior Superior vertebra takik - Incisura vertebralis unggul

Supraspinous ligament - Ligamentum supraspinale Supraspinous ligamen - Ligamentum supraspinale

Sympathetic trunk - Truncus sympathicus Simpatik batang - truncus sympathicus

TI - TI TI - TI

TXII - TXII TXII - TXII

Tectorial membrane - Membrana tectoria Tectorial membran - membrana tectoria

Thoracic aorta - Pars thoracica aortae; Aorta thoracica Thoracic aorta - Pars thoracica aortae; thoracica Aorta

Thoracic duct - Ductus thoracicus Saluran Thoracic - ductus thoracicus

Thoracic kyphosis - Kyphosis thoracica Thoracic kyphosis - Kifosis thoracica

Thoracic vertebrae (TI-TXIII) - Vertebrae thoracicae (TI-TXIII) Thoracic vertebra (TI-TXIII) - thoracicae vertebrata, bertulang belakang (TI-TXIII)

Thoracolumbar fascia - Fascia thoracolumbalis Torakolumbalis fasia - thoracolumbalis Fasia

Thoracolumbar fascia - Fascia thoracolumbalis - Anterior layer; Quadratus lumborum fascia - Lamina anterior; Lamina profunda; Fascia musculi quadrati lumborum Torakolumbalis fasia - Fasia thoracolumbalis - lapisan anterior; Quadratus fasia lumborum - anterior Lamina; Lamina profunda; Fasia musculi quadrati lumborum

Thoracolumbar fascia - Fascia thoracolumbalis - Middle layer - Lamina media Torakolumbalis fasia - thoracolumbalis Fasia - lapisan Tengah - media Lamina

Thoracolumbar fascia - Fascia thoracolumbalis - Posterior layer - Lamina posterior; Lamina superficialis Torakolumbalis fasia - thoracolumbalis Fasia - lapisan posterior - Lamina posterior; superfisialis Lamina

Thyroid gland - Glandula thyroidea Kelenjar tiroid - glandula thyroidea

Trachea - Trachea Trakea - Trakea

Transversalis fascia - Fascia transversalis Transversalis fasia - Fasia transversalis

Transverse costal facet - Fovea costalis processus transversi Transverse pesisir segi - fovea costalis prosesus transversi

Transverse ligament of atlas - Ligamentum transversum atlantis Transverse ligamen dari atlas - Ligamentum transversum atlantis

Transverse process - Processus transversus Transverse proses - prosesus transversus

Transverse ridges - Lineae transversae Transverse pegunungan - Lineae transversae

Transversospinales - Musculi transversospinales Transversospinales - Musculi transversospinales

Transversus abdominis; Transverse abdominal - Musculus transversus abdominis Transversus abdominis; Transverse perut - musculus transversus abdominis

Trapezius - Musculus trapezius Trapezius - musculus trapezius

Trapezius - Musculus trapezius - Ascending part; Inferior part - Pars ascendens Trapezius - musculus trapezius - bagian Ascending; bagian inferior - Pars ascendens

Trapezius - Musculus trapezius - Descending part; Superior part - Pars descendens Trapezius - musculus trapezius - bagian Descending; bagian Superior - Pars descendens

Trapezius - Musculus trapezius - Transverse part; Middle part - Pars transversa Trapezius - musculus trapezius - bagian melintang; bagian Tengah - Pars transversa

True ribs [I-VII] - Costae verae [I-VII] Iga Benar [I-VII] - Costae verae [I-VII]

Tubercle - Tuberculum costae Tuberkulum - Tuberculum costae

Uncus of body; Uncinate process - Uncus corporis; Processus uncinatus Uncus tubuh, proses uncinate - Uncus corporis; prosesus uncinatus

Ureter - Ureter Ureter - Ureter

Vagus nerve [X] - Nervus vagus [X] Saraf vagus [X] - Nervus vagus [X]

Veins - Venae Vena - Venae

Vertebra CIV - Vertebra CIV Vertebra CIV - Vertebra CIV

Vertebra CVII - Vertebra CVII Vertebra CVII - Vertebra CVII

Vertebra LIII - Vertebra LIII Vertebra LIII - Vertebra LIII

Vertebra LIV - Vertebra LIV Vertebra LIV - Vertebra LIV

Vertebra TIV - Vertebra TIV Vertebra TIV - Vertebra TIV

Vertebra TVI - Vertebra TVI Vertebra TVI - Vertebra TVI

Vertebra TXII - Vertebra TXII Vertebra TXII - Vertebra TXII

Vertebra prominens [C VII] - Vertebra prominens [C VII] Vertebra prominens [C VII] - Vertebra prominens [C VII]

Vertebrae - Vertebrae Vertebra - vertebrata, bertulang belakang

Vertebral arch - Arcus vertebrae Vertebra lengkungan - Arcus vertebra

Vertebral artery - Arteria vertebralis Vertebra arteri - vertebralis arteria

Vertebral body - Corpus vertebrae Vertebra tubuh - Corpus vertebra

Vertebral canal - Canalis vertebralis Vertebra kanal - Canalis vertebralis

Vertebral column - Columna vertebralis Vertebral kolom - Columna vertebralis

Vertebral foramen - Foramen - Foramen vertebrale Foramen vertebra - foramen - foramen vertebrale

Vertebral joints - Juncturae columnae vertebralis Sendi vertebra - Juncturae columnae vertebralis

Vertebral vein - Vena vertebralis Vertebra vena - Vena vertebralis

Zygapophysial joints - Articulationes zygapophysiales Zygapophysial sendi - Articulationes zygapophysiales

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Teks asli Inggris

The suboccipital muscles (splenius muscle, semispinalis muscles of the neck and head and interspinous neck muscles...)

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