1. Repblica Bolivariana de VenezuelaRepblica Bolivariana de Venezuela Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Ciencia y TecnologaMinisterio del Poder Popular para la Ciencia y Tecnologa Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones CientficasInstituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientficas Tissues andTissues and Anatomy of a plant leafAnatomy of a plant leaf G.S. Ernesto RodrguezG.S. Ernesto Rodrguez

2. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 2 ContentContent Introduction. Plant Tissues. Basic Leaf's anatomy. Leaf Dicots. Leaf Monocots. Difference between monocot leaf and dicot leaf. 3. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 3 Introduction The cell is the basic unit of life. Plant cells (unlike animal cells) are surrounded by a thick and rigid cell wall. Up to three strata or layers may be found in plant cell walls A tissue is an aggregation of cells that have a common origin and structure, and perform similar functions. 4. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 4 Plant TissuesPlant Tissues Meristimatic Tissues (These cells continuously divide throughout the life of the plant) Meristimatic Tissues (These cells continuously divide throughout the life of the plant) Permanent Tissues (Cells with specialised structure and function that have lost their ability to divide further) Permanent Tissues (Cells with specialised structure and function that have lost their ability to divide further) Simple Permanent TissueSimple Permanent Tissue ParenchymaParenchyma CollenchymaCollenchyma SclerenchymaSclerenchyma Complex Permanent Tissue Complex Permanent Tissue XylemXylem PhloemPhloem 5. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 5 Plant TissuesPlant Tissues (Permanent tissues)(Permanent tissues) Parenchyma These usually spherical or oval in shape. Sometimes the cells maybe elongated. 6. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 6 Collenchyma It is a type of simple permanent tissue. It's providing mechanical support to the shoot system of a plant. Plant TissuesPlant Tissues (Permanent tissues)(Permanent tissues) 7. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 7 Sclerenchyma It is providing mechanical support and protection to defferent parts of the plant body. These are found throughout the plant body, including the fruit and seed. Plant TissuesPlant Tissues (Permanent tissues)(Permanent tissues) 8. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 8 9. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 9 Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma Location Stem, root, Leaves, flowers, fruit widely distribuited Below the epidermis Outermost boundaries of plant parts, cortex, pith, hard seed. Function Stores and assimilates food (Photosynthesis) Provides mechanical support (turgidity). Provides mechanical support and elasticity Provides mechanical support Plant TissuesPlant Tissues (Permanent tissues)(Permanent tissues) 10. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 10 Complex tissuesComplex tissues: the function of these tissues is the transportation of nutrients Xylem Phloem Plant TissuesPlant Tissues (Permanent tissues)(Permanent tissues) PhloemPhloem 11. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 11 Basic Leaf's anatomyBasic Leaf's anatomy Cuticle Upper Epidermis Mesophyll Lower Epidermis cuticle 12. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 12 Leaf Dicots Palised parenchyma Spongy parenchyma Midrib Upper Epidermis Lower Epidermis 13. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 13 Leaf MonocotLeaf Monocot Lower Epidermis Upper Epidermis Xylem Vascular Bundles 14. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 14 Differences between dicot leaf and monocot leaf Characters Dicot leaf Monocot leaf 1. Nature of orientation Typically Dorsi-ventral Typically Iso-bilateral 2. Mesophyll Differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma. Undifferentiated 3. Veins Irregularly scattered Parallely arranged 15. G.S. Ernesto Rodrguez 15 Thanks you! Any Questions?Any Questions?