andrés bello. compendio de una biografía didáctica del poeta sabio y humanista

7/22/2019 Andrés Bello. Compendio de una biografía didáctica del poeta sabio y humanista

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Ikcràs MnhhfGfdpnkc`f cn uki m`fjribäi c`cégt`gicnh pfnti y sim`f audik`sti

Lfsà Iktfk`f Nsgihfki Nsgihfki



Bukcig`÷k Gisi Kig`fkih cn his Hntris Ikcràs MnhhfDnrgncns i Huknti - Uirrfquì IhtijrigìIpcf. 973. Girigis. 9595. RnknzunhiSnhbs< 5=9=->2=.:7.55 / >23.>1.75www.gisimnhhf.jfm.vn

Ikcràs Mnhhf.

Gfdpnkc`f cn uki m`fjribäi c`cégt`gi

cnh pfnti y sim`f audik`stiLfsà Iktfk`f Nsgihfki Nsgihfki

=ci nc`g`÷kBukcig`÷k Gisi Kig`fkih cn his Hntris Ikcràs MnhhfGirigis, Rnknzunhi =599

Cìjridig`÷k

Ékjanhi Dnkcfzi

Gfrrngg`÷k cn tnxtfs

Q`dnki Aurticf Pirzi

Nc`g`÷k cn tnxtfs

@fvikoi JuzdékIhnlikcrf W`hvi

Sriksgr`pg`÷k

@fvikoi Juzdék

Ufrtici

Sàgk`gi d`xti sfmrn ÷hnfGfhngg`÷k Gisi cn Mnhhf

Cnp. Hnjih< `b25>=599055920@smk< 0:1-015-=93-=2>-9



Ikcràs MnhhfGfdpnkc`f cn uki m`fjribäi c`cégt`gicnh pfnti y sim`f audik`sti




Urnjuktàdfshn i guihqu`nr vnknzfhikf qu`àk bun nstnfhv`cicf cn kunstri a`stfrì y rnpnt`ré, cnspuàs cn tristi- m`hhir gfk hi rnspunsti y mihmugnir cfs f trns brisns, nh ük`-gf np`tif qun dnrngn su rngunrcf nktrn kfsftrfs< ‘bunnh dinstrf cn W`d÷k Mfhävir—. Kf `ktnktndfs gfdntnr hi`hus`÷k cn nsgugair ihjuki ftri rnbnrnkgì qun kf bunri hicnh kfdmrn cn uki phizi, uki ivnk`ci, uk h`gnf, uki uk`-vnrs`cic, uki gfkcngfrig`÷k f hi nsgr`turi nhnvici ihti sfmrn nh brfkt÷k cn hi nsqu`ki cn Dnrgncns i Huknti cfkcnsn aihhi hi sncn cn nsti ̀ kst`tug`÷k cnh D`k`stnr`f cnh UfcnrUfpuhir piri hi Guhturi, lustf nk nh nspig`f qun fgupiri nhafjir cn `kbikgì y sus pr`dnris hngg`fkns cn sim`curäi.

Hf qun s`jun ns uk a`stfrìh cn cnsgfkfg`d`nktfs nd- pfmrng`cf pfr hi `jkfrikgì y guikcf kf pfr hi `kvngt`viy his gaikzis qun aik gfktr`mu`cf i iafkcir iük dés nksu fhv`cf, nk su s`hnkgìd`nktf. Gici vnz qun kfs cidfsi rng`tir hfs kfdmrns cn his juris snùnris cn kunstri cn-k`g`÷k cn piäs, cn gfkt`knktn, nk uki pihimri, cn rnj`÷kguhturih, sfgìh y pfhät`gidnktn cnk`ci, rnhnjidfs cn

nsfs s`tìhns i Ikcràs Mnhhf, nh dinstrf cn Idàr`gi, nhbfrlicfr cn kunstri pnrsfkih`cic h`kjøäst`gi y qu`nk gfk-tr`muynri, gfk D`rikci y Mfhävir, i snktir his misns cn hi

Nsn cnsgfkfg`cf



`ktnjrig`÷k hit`kfidnr`giki qun afy ns cnsvnhf cn Rnkn-zunhi y cn hfs piäsns qun it`nkcnk i nsn `cnih mfh`virìkf.

Nktrn hfs bistfs qun gfkdndfrik nh m`gnktnkir`f cn hijnsti `kcnpnkcnkt`sti imukcik pnkcfkns y igans pümh`-gfs gfk hfs rfstrfs cn kunstrfs h`mnrticfrns nk nh gidpfcn mitihhi y nk his `cnis. Ikcràs Mnhhf ns nh jrik iusnktn.^ki vnz dés. G`nrtf ns qun nk ihjukfs durfs cn his ns-gunhis nh giriqunùf cn kunstrf cnsidfr isfdi su snd- mhiktn, pnrf s`k rnbnrnkgì ihjuki. ¶Wn kirriré nk iuhis snkirri su v`ci, su v`ci audiki, guhti y cfhfrfsi, ipis`f-kicidnktn idnr`giki y v`s`fkirì6 ¶Yuà simrék kunstrfsk`ùfs y kunstrfs icfhnsgnktns cn sus cfs fmris dijkis,his s`hvis y hi jridét`gi6 ¶Aimrék fäcf aimhir, kf bunridés qun ih pisir, cnh hhiktf cn sus vnrsfs pfr hi Girigiscn su `kbikgì y su icfhnsgnkgì, guyf dipi icfrkiri hi

pirnc cn su hngaf cn dfr`mukcf6 ¶Igisf ihjük prfbnsfrnxph`giré i sus ihudkfs qun nk hfs pfndis Ihfgug`÷k ihi pfnsäi y W`hvi i hi ijr`guhturi cn hi zfki t÷rr`ci sn v`s-hudmrimi yi Nh Giktf Jnknrih cn Knruci6 ¶Nstiré nk hfsikiqunhns cnh h`gnf uk nlndphir cn su jridét`gi6 ¶Yuàihudkf pfcräi rnsud`r ih dnkfs su vihfr h`kjøäst`gf6

Cn nsn Ikcràs Mnhhf cn girkn y aunsf, dnkfs dérdfhqun v`v`nktn, kunstrf sndnliktn y kunstrf h`mnrticfr guh-turih, triti kunstri ikjustì pfr ignrgirhf i tfcf nh piäsdncìktn hi gairhi c`cégt`gi, hfs tihhnrns grnit`vfs, hfsgnrtédnkns y nh `dij`kir`f nsgàk`gf, isä gfdf i trivàscn hi hngturi cn su v`ci y cn su fmri c`r`j`ci i hfs k`-ùfs, i hfs icfhnsgnktns y ih rnstf cn his gfduk`cicns. Yun

Mnhhf cnln cn snr uk cnsgfkfg`cf ns kunstrf rntf? qun hfs`ktidfs pr÷x`df, duy gnrgi cn kfsftrfs, qun nktnk-cidfs nh ihgikgn cn su fmri ncugit`vi qun bun visti y



virì pfrqun guiktf supf hf c`f i tfcfs kfsftrfs, tricu-g`nkcf i hnkjui gfdük gfkgnptfs, `cnis, snkt`d`nktfs ynksnùékcfkfs qun nk hf rnj`fkih sn aihhi hf ngudàk`gf,hf uk`vnrsih. W` aum`àridfs cn pirt`guhir`zir su jrikcnanrnkgì, tih vnz uki cn his qun gfmri diyfr rnh`nvn snihi cn gfkvnkgnrkfs cn qun kici tnkndfs qun rndncir cnftris guhturis, gfpìkcf ih gihntrn sus vihfrns bfréknfs,s`k iktns triksjurirhfs y rnsndmrirhfs nk kunstri `cnkt`-cic, nsi t`nrri bàrt`h cfkcn prfspnri hi snd`hhi cn hi gfk-g`nkgì a`st÷r`gi, dfrih y snks`mhn cnh punmhf pfr nh qunMfhävir pnks÷ y huga÷ gfdf uki pitrì, uki y s`k häd`tns.

Hu`s Ihmnrtf Grnspf



Gfdpnkc`f cn uki m`fjribäi c`cégt`gi cnh pfnti y sim`f audik`sti

95




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^ki gùcic

^ki gùcic< Girigis. ^ki bngai< =0 cn kfv`ndmrn cn9:19. Nk nsi bngai hi gùcic ai gudph`cf yi cfsg`nktfsgitfrgn iùfs cn bukcici. I qu`nk gfktndphn su pikfridigfk flfs cn pfnti, aimré cn diriv`hhirhf iqunhhi d`sdi`kvirìmhn anrdfsuri gfk qun hi cnsgr`m`÷ ukis s`ntncàgicis iktns cfk Lfsà Fv`ncf y Miùfs<

Nk uk anrdfsf vihhn, tik bàrt`h gfdf ihnjrn, y tikidnkf gfdf cnhn`timhn, qun cn Ufk`nktn i Fr`nktnsn c`hiti pfr guitrf hnkjuis cn hfkj`tuc, y pfgf déscn dncì cn hit`tuc, nk c`nz jricfs y dnc`f cn ihturisnptnktr`fkih, ih p`n cn ukis ihtis s`nrris qun gfkc`stikgì cn g`kgf hnjuis hi c`v`cnk cnh dir nk nh

rng`ktf qun bfrdik guitrf räfs, qun pfrqun kf hn bihtisng`rgukstikgì piri igrnc`tirhi piriäsf, hi gnrgik pfrtfcis pirtns, s`k picngnr sustfs cn qun hi iknjunk< t`nkn




9=

su s`tuig`÷k hi gùcic cn Girigis nk uk tndpnridnktftik cnh g`nhf, qun s`k gfdpntnkgì ns nh dnlfr cn guiktfst`nkn hi Idàr`gi, puns icndés cn snr duy sihucimhn,

pirngn qun hf nsgfj`÷ hi pr`divnri piri su aim t̀ig`÷kgfkt`kui, puns nk `juih tndphikzi tfcf nh iùf, k` nh bräfdfhnsti, k` nh gihfr nkbici, k` hfs mfgafrkfs cnh nstäfbit`jik, k` hfs r`jfrns cnh `kv`nrkf i`jnk? sus ijuissfk dugais, ghiris y cnhjicis, puns hfs guitrf räfsqun hi rfcnik, i gfdpntnkgì hn fbrngnk sus gr`stihns, mr`kcikcf ih ipnt`tf nk su rnjihf, puns s`k rngfkfgnr

v`fhnkgìs cnh vnrikf, nk nh diyfr r`jfr cn hi gikäguhidikt`nknk su brnsguri, pisikcf nk nh c`g`ndmrn i désqun bräis< sus gihhns sfk ikgais, hirjis y cnrngais,gfk sih`ci, y gfrrnspfkcnkgì nk `juih prfpfrg`÷k itfcis pirtns? y gfdf nsték pnkc`nktns y ndpncricis,k` dikt`nknk pfhvf k` gfks`nktnk hfcfs? sus nc`g`fs,hfs dés, sfk milfs, pfr rngnhf i hfs tndmhfrns, ihjukfscn hicr`hhf, y hf gfdük cn tipìs, pnrf m`nk c`spunstfs

y rnpirt`cfs nk su bémr`gi? his gisis sfk tik c`hiticisnk hfs s`t`fs, qun gis` tfcis t`nknk nspig`fsfs pit`fs, lirc`kns y aunrtis, rnjicis gfk c`bnrnktns ignquìs, qungruzik hi gùcic, sih`nkcf nkgiùicis cnh räf Gitugan, prfcugnk tikti vir`ncic cn frns, qun icd`ri suimukcikgì tfcf nh iùf? anrdfsàikhi guitrf phizis,his trns dncìkis, y hi pr`kg`pih m`nk jrikcn, y nk

prfpfrg`÷k guicrici.

I pfgis guicris cn hi kfdmrici Uhizi Ur`kg`pih, nkc`rngg`÷k kfrtn –aigì cfkcn nh dfktn Év`hi hnvikti gfdfuk sädmfhf dilnstufsf hi izuh snrnk`cic cn su jrikcnzi–,nk uk gihhnl÷k, k` duy ikgaf k` duy hirjf, ihjf `rrnjuhiry ndp`kicf, nkguàktrisn nh gfkvnktf cn Kunstri Wnùfri

cn his Dnrgncns. Dés irr`mi cn àstn, y i dikf `zqu`nrci,cnstégisn uki gisi cn tipìs y ribis, gum`nrti cn tnlisgfdf tfcis his cn nstn gfkvnktuih mirr`f pnrtnkng`nktn i hi




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bnh`jrnsäi cn hi Wikti @jhnsì Uirrfquìh cn Kunstri Wnùfricn Ihtijrigì.

Ns uki gisi nspig`fsi, cn ikgaf pfrt÷k y gfk vnktikiscn tfrknicfs mihiustrns. S`nkn cn brnktn vn`kt`tràs viris,y cn bfkcf sntnkti y cfs viris y cfs tnrg`fs. Nkdirgiksu nkhilicf pit`f gnktrih, hhnkf cn fr`cfs t`nstfs, hfsgfrrncfrns gfk sus m`nk c`spunstis gfhudkis cn dicnri.Nh i`rn iv`hnùf nspirgn su brnsguri pfr his pnkudmrfsisaim`tig`fkns. Wfmrn nh c`ktnh cn hi punrti cn hi sihi pr`kg`pihhugn uk guicrf qun rnprnsnkti i Kunstri Wnùfri cn hi Huz.Nk nh nspig`f im`nrtf cnh bfkcf –hunjf cn trispfknr nhsnjukcf pit`f y nh gfrrih cn his ivns cfdàst`gis– aéhhisnhi aunrti, cfkcn imukcik hfs jrikicfs y kiriklfs< h`mrnnsgnkir`f piri nh gfkg`nrtf cn hfs pélirfs y gfbrn cnsmfrcicfcn `kv`s`mhns tnsfrfs cn brijikgì.

Nh cunùf cn nsti gisi ns cfk Luik Uncrf H÷pnz, prfbnsfrcnh irtn cnh p`ktfr, nsguhtfr y cfricfr . ‘^kf cn hfs irt`stisdés nxgnpg`fkihns kig`cfs nk hi Urfv`kgì cn Rnknzunhi— pfr su fmri ‘bngukci nk küdnrf, nk gih̀ cic y nks`jk`gig`÷k—. Cnm`cf s`k cuci i gfkc`g`÷k tik nd`knktn,nh punmhf, snjük hi usikzi cn hi àpfgi, hhidi ‘Nsqu`ki cn

Luik Uncrf H÷pnz— àsti, nk guyf ékjuhf surfnstn hnvéktisnc`gai gisi. Iquä rns`cn, cnscn 9:2>, nh ibidicf p`ktfrgiriqunùf nk uk`÷k cn su nspfsi, cfùi Luiki Iktfkì cnhi Gruz Cnhjicf. Iquä aik kig`cf vir`fs cn hfs cfgn a`lfscnh ditr`dfk`f, gnhnmricf nk 9:>1 , guikcf cfk Luik Uncrfgudph`÷ trn`kti y guitrf iùfs cn ncic. Iquä tidm`àk snnbngtu÷ hi gnrndfkì cn hi mfci –prnvì h`gnkgì nspngìh

gfkgnc`ci pfr nh prfv`sfr y v`gir`f jnknrih cnh Fm`spicf–cn uki cn his a`lis< Iki Untrfk`hi H÷pnz Cnhjicf. Iquä, nkhi gisi cn sus picrns, qunc÷sn i v`v`r nhhi gfk su nspfsf,




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cfk Mirtfhfdà cn hi Huz Mnhhf, imfjicf, cn trn`kti y ukiùfs. Nstn ynrkf cn cfk Luik Uncrf H÷pnz, ns ukf cn hfscfgn a`lfs cnh ditr`dfk`f cn cfk Lfsà Gustfc`f Mnhhf ycfùi Ékjnhi Bhfrnkgì Mnhhf, idmfs kit`vcs cn Girigis.Igisf hi riz÷k cntnrd`kiktn piri qun cfk Mirtfhfdà –qu`nk hhnjiri i snr juri cn prnst̀ j`f nk nh gidpf cn hidüs`gi gfdf gfdpfs`tfr y nlngutiktn– kf pfkji gisiipirtn, fmncnzgi ih angaf cn qun, jricuicf cn miga`hhnrnk Hnyns aign pfgf dnkfs cn uk iùf (99 cn kfv`ndmrn cn

9:15), kf c`sbruti cn uki s`tuig`÷k ngfk÷d`gi afhjici. Nsduy nx`juf hf qun iük s`jun jikikcf ih iùf< g`nktf qu`kgn pnsfs gfdf düs`gf cn hi Sr`muki cn hi Gitncrih. Aimäis`cf kfdmricf piri nsn girjf nh =1 cn luk`f cn 9::3, gfksunhcf ikuih cn snsnkti pnsfs. Icndés, Iki, su nspfsi, nsuki icfhnsgnktn tfciväi< s÷hf gunkti c`ng`s`ntn iùfs.

Hi gùcic Dirìki cn Girigis gnhnmri afy, =0cn kfv`ndmrn cn 9:19 –gfkbfrdn hf aik angaf curiktng`nktf g`kgunkti y g`kgf iùfs tfcis his gùcicns cnh@dpnr`f nspiùfh– hi hhidici B`nsti cn hfs Jihnfkns,‘`kst`tu`ci pfr Bnh`pn @R nk dndfrì cnh munk sugnsf quntuv`nrfk hfs jihnfkns cn @kcìs y hi fti cn Kunvi Nspiùi,hfs guihns nsgipirfk pfr d`hijrf cn hi nsguicri nknd`ji y

hhnjirfk sihvfs i Géc`z—. Kf s÷hf hi gùcic nsté cn nstigfk tih dft`vf. Nk hi gisi cn cfk Luik Uncrf H÷pnz nstnns, is`d`sdf, uk cäi cn s`kjuhir rnjfg`lf bid`hìr, pfrqunigimi cn kignr nh pr`dfjàk`tf cn hfs nspfsfs Mnhhf H÷pnz.Nk nh triksgursf cn hi pr`dnri sndiki sn sugncnk his v`s`tiscn hi kudnrfsi pirnktnhi. Misti rngfrcir qun nh rng`àkkig`cf t`nkn vn`kt`c÷s täfs girkihns.

Nh s`ju`nktn 1 cn c`g`ndmrn tidm`àk ns cn nsti nkGirigis y nk hi gisi cn cfk Luik Uncrf H÷pnz. B`nsti nk hi




9>

gùcic pfr snr cäi cn hi @kdiguhici Gfkgnpg`÷k. B`nsti nknh afjir cn hfs Mnhhf H÷pnz pfrqun nsn d`sdf cäi

…nh Urnsmätnrf Cfk R`gnktn Résqunz gfk h`gnkgìqun hn gfkgncä Pf nh U.M. Brikg`sgf Iktfk`f Mnhnz cnGfss`f Sktn. cn guri cn nsi Wikti @jhnsì Uirrfquìh cn Kunstri Wnùfri cn Ihtijrigì miut̀ z÷ sfhndkndnktn, pusf ÷hnf y gr`sdi, y c`f mnkc`g`fkns nghns`ést`gis iuk pérvuhf, qun kig`÷ nh cäi vn`ktn y kunvn cnh dns pr÷x`df pisicf cn nstn prnsnktn iùf, i qu`nk pusf pfr

kfdmrn Ikcràs cn Lnsüs Diräi y Lfsnpa…

Hf ipicr`k÷ Cfk Uncrf Ridfkc`, y kf nh imunhf fihjukf cn hfs täfs, hf qun gfkst`tuyn riri nxgnpg`÷k, pirt`guhirdnktn nk àpfgi cn tiktf rnspntf i his kfrdissfgìhns.

Nk nstn cäi cnh miut`zf cn Ikcràs sn gudphnknxigtidnktn c`nz iùfs cn aimnr gfdnkzicf nh fm`spf cfkDirìkf Dirtä su R`s`ti Jnknrih i hi C`÷gns`s cn Girigisy Rnknzunhi. Béhtikhn iük cfs iùfs, trns dnsns y vn`ktn cäis piri gfkghu`rhi. R`nkn yi cn rnjrnsf< prng`sidnktn afy, 1cn c`g`ndmrn cn 9:19, nh `husträs`df prnhicf nkguàktrisnafspncicf nk hi gùcic cn Wikti Diräi cn hi R`gtfrì cnh

Uricf cn Sihivnri cn K`rjui.

Nh =0 cn dirzf cn 9:1:

Nh =0 cn dirzf cn 9:1:, cfk Mirtfhfdà Mnhhf, cnm`cf isnrìs c`sgrnpikgìs gfk nh gim`hcf dntrfpfh`tikf, rnkukgìi su girjf nk hi Sr`muki cn hi Gitncrih, girjf qun aimäi




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cnsndpnùicf pfr nspig`f cn trngn iùfs, cnscn sus t`ndpfscn nstucìktn. Wn cnc`gi ih nlnrg`g`f cn hi imfjigäi. It`nkcn,ih prfp`f t`ndpf, hi aig`nkci cn gibà hhidici Nh Anhngaih,qun pfsnn nk hi B`hi cn Dir`gans.

Ikcràs ikci nk hfs sn`s iùfs y cndunstri cng`c`civfgig`÷k pfr nh nstuc`f. G`rgukstikgì qun iprfvngai su lfvnk dicrn piri nksnùirhn his pr`dnris hntris, gfkbfrdn ihi tric`g`fkih gfstudmrn. Sidm`àk dik`nsti àh uki ig`÷k pfr nh c`mulf dugaf dés nspfktékni y ignktuici qun nhgfdük cn hfs k`ùfs cn su ncic. Hést`di qun nsti ipt`tucirtäst`gi kf punci cnsirrfhhirhi milf hi nxpnrti y ibngtufsifr`nktig`÷k cn su imunhf p`ktfr, qu`nk bihhngn nh 92 cnijfstf cn nstn iùf cn 9:1:, nk phnki igt`v`cic grnicfri.

Gfkghu`ci hi `k`gìh ntipi cn su iprnkc`ziln afjirnùf,

Ikcràs `kjrnsi nk nh phiktnh cn nksnùikzi qun rnjnkticfk ]id÷k Rikhfstnk gfk nh kfdmrn cn Igicndì. Sihkfdmrn sn lust`gi pfrqun nk nhhi sn `dpirtnk, icndés cngfkfg`d`nktfs jnknrihns, hngg`fkns cn düs`gi. Nk c`gaiIgicndì gursik sus nstuc`fs nhndnktihns hfs a`lfs cn duyafkfrimhns bid`hìs giriqunùis. Ihjukfs cn hfs igtuihnsgfkc`sgäpuhfs cn Ikcràs aimrék cn jurir, gfk àh, nk hfs

a`st÷r`gfs sugnsfs cn hi @kcnpnkcnkgì. Ufr iafri, ̀ kv`nrtnknh t`ndpf qun hns cnlik h`mrns his fmh`jig`fkns nsgfhirns nkhfs lunjfs prfp`fs cn hi `kbikgì. W`t`f prnc`hngtf piri nhhfsns nh gihhnl÷k cn Hi Dnrgnc, s`k vnaäguhfs y gfk nsgisfstriksnüktns, ih `juih qun hi diyfräi cn hi gihhns giriqunùiscn nktfkgns. W`k ndmirjf, Ikcràs kf ns uk k`ùf ipis`fkicf pfr hfs lunjfs gihhnlnrfs. Wu dfcf cn snr, qun ikukgì yi his

cftns cn uki ̀ ktnh`jnkgì supnr`fr, cntnrd`ki su prnbnrnkgì pfr hi hngturi. Siktf isä qun aiy cäis nk hfs guihns, hhnjicihi afri cnh gfd`ci, is`stn i hi dnsi gfk nh h`mrf nk hi dikf,




9:

cndfrékcfsn dés cn hf gfkvnk`nktn. Idfknsticf pfrcfùi Iki, hn rnspfkcn< ‘]ngunrci, didé, qun d` gnrnmrfkngns`ti dés ih`dnktf qun d` nst÷dijf—. Ufr nsti àpfgigfd`nkzi i hnnr ihjukis gfdncìs cn Gihcnr÷k cn hi Mirgi.

^ki rnih frcnk

^ki rnih frcnk bngaici nk Iriklunz nh =9 cn diyf cn9:05 y cnspigaici nk Girigis nh =: cn luk`f s`ju`nktn,kfdmri i cfk Mirtfhfdà B`sgih cn hi ]nih Aig`nkci y]nkti cnh Simigf nk hi Urfv`kgì cn Gudiké, gfk sunhcfcn cfsg`nktfs pnsfs ikuihns pfr gici ridf. Nh h`gnkgìcfvìli snju`cidnktn i tfdir pfsns`÷k cn su girjf. Ikcràs

gfkt`küi sus nstuc`fs nk Girigis. Siktf icnhikti nk nhhfs,qun su täf ditnrkf briy Idmrfs`f H÷pnz, rnh`j`fsf prfbnsfcnh gfkvnktf cn Hi Dnrgnc, hf prnsnkti i briy Gr`st÷mih cnYunsici, m`mh`ftngir`f cn c`gaf ghiustrf y kftimhn hit`k`sti, piri qun hn s`rvi cn prfbnsfr pirt`guhir. Nk hi m`mh`ftngicnh gfkvnktf, Ikcràs rng`mn cn briy Gr`st÷mih hngg`fknscn hitäk y cn h`tnrituri ghés`gi. I trivàs cn his tricugg`fkns

cn R`rj`h`f, tfdi gfkg`nkgì cn su prfpì vfgig`÷k cn pfnti, qun –ih gfrrnr hfs iùfs– pnrd`t`ré i su biktisäi ysnks`m`h`cic prfc`j`fsis sfrprnkcnr hfs `knbimhns sngrntfscn hi pfnsäi, kf s÷hf nk hfs h`mrfs, s`kf pr`kg`pihdnktn nk hikiturihnzi nxtnr`fr y nk hi `kt`d`cic cn su gfriz÷k.

Nk 9:02 dunrn riy Gr`st÷mih cn Yunsici, nh dnlfr juäi

cn su vfgig`÷k h`tnrirì, qu`nk –dncìktn uk `ktnksf y prégt`gf gursf cn Hit̀ k`cic– hf prnpir÷ sfh`cidnktn piri`kjrnsir i hi ^k`vnrs`cic. Briy Gr`st÷mih nri ‘uk prfbnsfr




91

gfdf sn aimräik nkgfktricf nktfkgns duy pfgfs `juihnsnk tfci hi nxtnks`÷k cn hi Idàr`gi nspiùfhi—.

Gfk nh cfgtfr Lfsà Iktfk`f Dfktnknjrf, `hustricäs`dfgitncrét`gf cn Dnkfrns y Nhfgunkgì, gfd`nkzi Ikcràs,nsn d`sdf iùf, sus nstuc`fs nk hi ]nih y Ufkt`gì^k`vnrs`cic cn Girigis. Nh pr`dnr cäi cn ghisns fmt`nknuk snùihicf trùkbf gfk hi tricugg`÷k, i pr`dnri v`sti,cn uk c`bäg`h tnxtf hit`kf qun kf aimäik pfc`cf aignr susgfdpiùnrfs cn gursf. Cnspuàs cn nstf, su kfdmrn ns hi

icd`rig`÷k kf s÷hf cn sus prfbnsfrns y gfkc`sgäpuhfs, s`kfcn hi sfg`ncic giriqunùi. Ns nktfkgns guikcf ihjukfsc`st`kju`cfs picrns cn bid`hì rngimik cnh iprfvngaicfnstucìktn uk`vnrs`tir`f qun cà ghisns i sus a`lfs. Anhf, puns, gfkvnrt`cf nk dinstrf cn uk jrupf cn icfhnsgnktns,gis` cn su d`sdi ncic. Nktrn àstfs juri W`d÷k Mfhävir,ipnkis vn`ktn dnsns dnkfr qun Ikcràs, cn qu`nk rng`mn, pfr mrnvn t`ndpf, ghisns pirt`guhirns ‘cn mnhhis irtns yjnfjribäi— nh buturf H`mnrticfr.

Nh dnlfr id`jf cn Ikcràs nk hi ^k`vnrs`cic ns Lfsà@jkig`f ^stér`z. Nstn hf prnsnkti g`nrtf cäi i su bid`hì,guyi gisi ns gnktrf cn tnrtuhì guhti, i hi qun gfkgurrnkhfs rnprnsnktiktns cn hi `ktnhngtuih`cic giriqunùi cn hiàpfgi. Hi id`stic cn Mnhhf gfk ^stér`z, y nspngìhdnktngfk Lfsà @jkig`f, rnsuhti piri àh tik prfvngafsi gfdfhnihdnktn gfrrnspfkc`ci. Nk hi r`gi m`mh`ftngi cn iqunhhigisi, qun v`s`ti gfk brngunkgì, vi nkgfktrikcf, i dés cnhfs aim`tuihns tnxtfs ghés`gfs, ihjukis fmris cn nsgfj`cih`tnrituri brikgnsi, hf qun big`h`ti su prfp÷s`tf cn iprnkcnr

brikgàs. Urfp÷s`tf qun rnvnhi uki jnkìh `ktu`g`÷k, pfr guiktf c`gaf `c`fdi, i pirt`r cn hi pumh`gig`÷kcn Hi Jrik Nkg`ghfpncì (9:>9-9::=), gfkst`tuyn uk




90

pfcnrfsf `kstrudnktf cn c`bus`÷k uk`vnrsih cn his `cnisrnvfhug`fkirìs qun aimrék cn giusir ric`gihns gidm`fs, kfs÷hf nk nh frcnk sfgìh, curiktn nh pr÷x`df s`jhf. Uiri hfstric`g`fkih`stis cn nktfkgns, nh brikgàs rnprnsnktimi uk sut`h pnrf idnkiziktn pnh̀ jrf. Cn iaä qun kf cnmi sfrprnkcnr hiigt`tuc cnh cfgtfr Lfsà Iktfk`f Dfktnknjrf, guikcf ukitircn, cnspuàs cn ghisns, sn tfpi nk ukf cn hfs gfrrncfrnscn hi ^k`vnrs`cic gfk su nd`knktn c`sgäpuhf nkbrisgicfnk hi hngturi cn his Srijncìs, cn ]ig`kn, y gfk v`vi

nxtriùnzi hn prnjukti< ‘¶Wimn ustnc brikgàs6— ‘Wä, R.W.—, hnrnspfkcn gfk snkg`hhnz, nh lfvnk Mnhhf. ‘¡G÷df! ¶C÷kcn hfiprnkc`÷6— ‘Ufr d` gunkti, R.W. y jrigìs i uki jridét`giqun dn prnst÷ d` gfkc`sgäpuhf Lfsà @jkig`f ̂ stér`z—. ‘¡Nsdugai hést`di, id`jf däf, qun ustnc aiyi iprnkc`cf nhbrikgàs!—, nxghidi nh cfgtfr Dfktnknjrf.

Nh gfkfg`d`nktf cn hi hnkjui y hi h`tnrituri brikgnsisimrn i Mnhhf kunvf gid`kf piri prnsnktns y buturisnxphfrig`fkns nk hfs cfd`k`fs cn hi guhturi. Sidm`àk nh`kjhns, guyf iprnkc`ziln kf tirciré nk ndprnkcnr, s`kdinstrf, hhnjiré i snrhn tik bid`hìr y tik üt`h gfdf su prfpì hnkjui ditnrki.

Nh 91 cn snpt`ndmrn cn 9:0:

Nh 91 cn snpt`ndmrn cn 9:0: –prnvì hi sfh`g`tuc y hifmtnkg`÷k cn hi ‘h`gnkgì— rnjhidnktirì– gfd`nkzi Mnhhf

nh gursf supnr`fr cn B`hfsfbäi y G`nkgìs, cnkfd`kicfSr`nk`f cn Irtns, milf hi pnrdiknktn c`rngg`÷k cnhcfgtfr ]ibinh Nsgihfki, nx`d`f gitncrét`gf, ‘c`sgäpuhf y




=5

gfkt`kuicfr cnh cfgtfr Mihtizir Dirrnrf— –nh `ktrfcugtfrcn hi hfsfbäi dfcnrki nk hi ^k`vnrs`cic cn Girigis–. Nhcfgtfr Nsgihfki ns, s`k cuci, nh dinstrf uk`vnrs`tir`f qundés cng`s`vidnktn `kuyn nk su bfrdig`÷k `ktnhngtuih.

Nk nh pnräfcf üht`df cn su girrnri cn B`hfsfbäi y G`nkgìsfgurrnk cfs sugnsfs qun Mnhhf kf fhv`ciré< hi cnspnc`ci cnsu id`jf y nx ihudkf W`d÷k Mfhävir, qu`nk sn ndmirgink Hi Jui`ri nh 90 cn nknrf cn 9:00, nk su pr`dnr vìln iNurfpi? y hi nlngug`÷k y cnsguirt`zid`nktf nh 1 cn diyf cnnsn d`sdf iùf, cn cfk Lfsà Diräi Nspiùi, ukf cn hfs lnbnscn hi gfksp`rig`÷k cn hfs pitr`ftis cn hi àpfgi y prftfdért`rcn hi @kcnpnkcnkgì cn Idàr`gi.

Nstidfs nk 9155

Nstidfs nk 9155. Ai gfdnkzicf uk kunvf s`jhf. Nh=1 cn imr`h gfdprunmi Mnhhf, ‘gfk his gnrt`gig`fknsy cnghirig`fkns— rnqunr`cis, qun ai tnrd`kicf, nh cäiiktnr`fr, nh Sr`nk`f cn Irtns. Hunjf, nh > cn diyf cn nsn

d`sdf iùf cn 9155, prnsnkti su sfh`g`tuc cnh jricf. Guitrfcäis cnspuàs<

Nk hi diùiki cnh cäi kunvn cn diyf cn d`hfgafg`nktfs hfs snùfrns Cfgtfrns Cr. Lfsnpa R`gnktnDiga`hhikci, ]ngtfr, gfdf Gitncrét`gf cn Sanfhfjäicn Räspnris, Cr. Jimr`nh H`kcf gfdf qun ns cn Ur`di y

Cr. Brikg¼ Ikt¼ U`dnktnh, Cr. Uanh`pn Uiüh, y DinstrfCr. Dirìkf Sihivnri hf nxid`kirfk nk his ditnrìsiktns prfpunstis cn Ua`hfsfpaì gfk irrnjhf i hisGfkst`tug`fkns y nk gfksngunkgì aim`nkcf pisicf




=9

i hi vftig`÷k hf aihhirfk éprfmf gfk uk`bfrd`cic cnvftfs, pfr hf qun nh snùfr ]ngtfr dikc÷ prnvnk`rhn qungfdpirng`nri i rng`m`r nh Jricf guikcf sn hn g`tirn piri

nhhf…

Sriksgurr`cis nsgisis g`kgf sndikis< ‘Nk hi gùciccn Girigis i gitfrgn cn luk`f cn d`h fgafg`nktfs nh snùfrDinstrf Cfgtfr Cr. Lfsnpa R`gnktn Diga`hhikci jricu÷cn miga`hhnr nk Irtns i C. Ikcràs Mnhhf gfhfgékcfhf nk nh pr`dnr hujir cn hfs cnh gfkgursf…—.

Lidés cnl÷ cn fgupir nsn pr`dnr hujir .Nh rngfkfg`d`nktf pümh`gf qun sn hn igimi cn aignr nk nh igtf sfhndkn cn sujricuig`÷k, nk kici ihtnri iqunhhi su `kjàk`ti dfcnstì.Sidpfgf, nk sus iùfs cn v`ci uk`vnrs`tirì, hf aiknkvikng`cf ftris c`st`kg`fkns< tih, pfr nlndphf, hi fmtnkg`÷kcn ukf cn hfs prnd`fs `kst`tu`cfs pfr cfk @s`cfrf H÷pnzDàkcnz, icd`k`stricfr cn his rnktis cn hi ^k`vnrs`cic.

Hf ük`gf qun ndpiùi nh lüm`hf cn su ihdi ih aimnrguhd`kicf gfk tik nxtrifrc`kir`f mr`hhf sus nstuc`fs, nsqun su kfmhn picrn y, sfmrn tfcf, su icfrici dicrn, kfaiyik pfc`cf nstir prnsnktns nh cäi cn su jricuig`÷k. Unrfhn gfksunhi simnr qun duy prfktf vfhvnré Gudiké piriimrizirhfs y gfduk`girhns hi bnh`z kft`gì. S`nkn tidm`àkftri äkt`di riz÷k piri rnih`zir nsn vìln< ikanhi vnr, uki vnzdés, i hi cunùi cn sus pnksid`nktfs, i hi mnhhi `ksp`ricfricn sus pr`dnrfs vnrsfs idfrfsfs, hfs qun kic`n gfkfgnrékukgi, k` s`qu`nri nhhi< Diräi Lfsnbi Wugrn, c`jki cn aimnrkig`cf, gfdf nk nbngtf kig`÷, milf nh g`nhf dés hud`kfsf cnh

dukcf –nh g`nhf gudikàs–, pfrqun nhhi ns ‘uk cngaicfcn jrigìs y pnrbngg`fkns, nktrn his guihns hi anrdfsuri sniùicäi ih tihnktf—. Cn nhhi nsté prfbukcidnktn nkidfricf,

snjük sus prfpìs pihimris. (Urfv`cnkgìhdnktn piri nh




27

^ki G`ucic=0 cn dirzf cn 9:1:^ki rnih frcnk91 cn snpt`ndmrn cn 9:0:Nstidfs nk 9155Gfkghu`cis his vigig`fkns

Sidm`àk his rnspfksim`h`cicnsHfs aim`tiktns cn RnknzunhiNh v`nrkns 0 cn luk`fNh dirtns 95 cn luh`fKunvis pr`divnrisNh sfh cn gici pr`divnri

Uirngn qun sn imrnGfdf cridét`gf rnvnrsfNk hi dicrujiciIdikngn nh 93 cn bnmrnrfCnscn nh dfdnktfGfrfkici su vnknrimhn snkngtuc

Äkc`gn

999>9:90=5==

=27=7>72393=

3>3:30>9>7>0




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andrés bello. compendio de una biografía didáctica del poeta sabio y humanista

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