andritz torrefaction demo plants print version - vtt.fi · andritz/ecn torrefaction design andritz...

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ANDRITZ Torrefaction Demo Plants Jari Hiltunen

Torrefaction seminaari Hanasaari 29.11.2012

The ANDRITZ GROUPOverview

Company

� ANDRITZ AG, Graz, Austria (Group headquarters)

� More than 180 production and service sites worldwide

� Employees: approximately 17,700 worldwide (as of September 30, 2012)

Key figures 2011� Order intake: 5,707 MEUR

� Sales: 4,596 MEUR

� Net income (including non-controlling interests): 232 MEUR

� Equity ratio (as of end of 2011): 21%

Products and services

Plants and services for hydropower stations, the pulp and paper industry, solid-liquid separation in the municipal and industrial sectors, the steel industry, and the production of animal feed and biomass pellets

2 ANDRITZ torrefaction demolaitokset, Torrefaction seminaari Hanasaaressa 29.11.2012

* Long-term average share of the Group’s total order intake** The ENVIRONMENT & PROCESS business area was renamed SEPARATION as of October 1, 2011

ANDRITZ GROUPA world market leader in most business areas

Electromechani-cal equipment for hydropower plants (mainly tur-bines and genera-tors); pumps; turbo generators

Systems for the production of all types of pulp and of certain paper grades (tissue, cartonboard); boilers

Equipment for the mechanical and thermal solid/liquid separation for municipalities and various industries

Systems for the production ofanimal feed pellets (pet and fish food) and biomass pellets (wood, straw)

HYDRO40-45%*

PULP & PAPER30-35%*

SEPARATION**10%*

METALS10%*

FEED & BIOFUEL5%*

Systems for the production and processing of stainless steel and carbon steel strips; industrial furnaces


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Torrefaction of biomass


Principle

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

TorrefactionProcess temperature: 250 - 300°CResidence time:~ 30 min

Mass 100%Energy 100%

Mass approx. 70%Energy approx. 90%

Mass 30%Energy 10%


"The polymeric structure of woody and herbaceous biomass comprises mainly cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin."

During torrefaction mainly the hemicellulose is decomposed -Water, CO2, CO and various organic acids are transferred into the gaseous phase.

Main decomposition regimes are based on Koukis et.al. (1982)


Torrefaction


Green wood chips 2.9(45-m%)

Dried wood chips 3.6 (20-m%)

Wood pellets 10-12(10-m%)

Torrefiedpellets >14(3-m%)

Pure lignin pellets 17.6(33-m%)

Energy densities (GJ/m3bulk)Gaining in energy density

ANDRITZ Torrefaction Technologies


Two Main Technology Platforms

Large plants: up to 700.000 t/a per line Small / med ium plants: 50.000-250.000 t/a

ANDRITZ/ECN Torrefaction Design ANDRITZ ACB ® Torrefaction Design*

Industrial Demo plant (1 t/h) in Denmark started up in fall 2012

Industrial Demo plant (1 t/h) in Austria in operation from 4th quarter 2011.

Pressurized, moving bed reactorANDRITZ/DTI Pelleting plant

Rotating, indirectly heated drum reactorBriquetting plant

Key Features:Scale up to huge capacities possible (experience from Pulp & Paper)Feed material: Wood Chips/Forest Residuals

Key Features:Simple process concept specially developed for decentralized plantsFlexibility in feed material

*ACB Process is developed by the ABC Entwicklungs GmbH with support from the ACB consortium consisting of

ECN’s torrefaction technology


� Features:

� Conventional drying and pelletisation

� Compact dedicated moving-bed technology with direct heating

� Heat integration

� High energy efficiency (> 90%)

� Cost effective

� Intellectual Property:

� ECN and ANDRITZ has cooperation agreement for development of torrefactiontechnology

� IP is patent protected and licensed to ANDRITZ

15-20% moisture (tests performed with 35% as well)

Source ECN, Kiel et.al.


Viewed from Feed End Viewed from Discharge End

Rotary DryerDanish Torrefaction Demo Plant Project


Danish Torrefaction Demo Plant Project

Torrefaction Reactor Process Area

Patents granted and Pending

Production on going;Around 1.3-1.4 tons of torrefied pellets in each bag

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Overview of vertical reactor technology


Danish Torrefaction Demo Plant Project

Torrefaction of biomassFlowsheet ACB Process

DRYING

PREPARATIONof torrefied material (milling)

DENSIFICATIONof torrefied material

Fresh biomass

Dried biomass95% DS

Torrefied biomass

ACB gasT=280°C

Torrefied biomass

ACB Fuel

Fresh biomass fuel

Dryer offgas

Flue gasT=400°C

TORREFACTION

Flue gasT=300°C

ENERGY SUPPLY(lean gas combustion)




Drying

Dryer exhaust air to stack

Wet biomass

BDS Belt dryer

DriedProduct 95% DS

Flue gas from Biomass Incineration & ACB Reactor

Mixing chamber

Circulating air

Pre-drying of biomass for torrefaction, up to 95% DS

• Directly heated by flue gas from biomass combustion

BDS RD (closed air loop dryer)

• Worldwide 28 references for biomass and sludgedrying since 2003

• Utilization of waste heat from drum reactor



Torrefaction

Torrefaction of biomass at 250-300°C under inert conditions

ACB-Reactor• Rotating, indirectly heated drum

• Prevention of condensation problems due tospecial flow pattern

• High flexibility in terms of allowable particle size• No clogging, channeling or increase in pressure drop

• Avoidance of oxygen presence byANDRITZ sealing technology

• Construction based on ANDRITZ Drum Drying System (more than 110 dryerlines installed worldwide)



Energy Supply (Lean Gas Combustion)

Provision of the energy supply by Biomass Grate firing system by Polytechnik

• Hydraulic reciprocating grate firing• Special burner for hot lean gas (280 °C)• Maximum heat recovery from lean gas• Additional fuel: wood chips with 20 – 55%

water content• Long residence time for low emissions• Mixing chamber for hot gas generation (400 °C)

Dividing wall

Primary air box (three parts)

Secondary air supply

Primary air supply

Recirculation

Flue gas exit

Grate

Post-combustion zone

Combustion chamber

Passage

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ANDRITZ ACB ProcessDemonstration plant in Frohnleiten, Austria for production of 1 ton/hr of torrefied material; Successfully in operation since autumn 2011

Demonstration plant in Austria

ANDRITZ torrefaction demolaitokset, Torrefaction seminaari Hanasaaressa 29.11.2012

Commercial plant concept

17

ACB plant: Single line for 50,000 t/a


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Densification: Briquetting

Hydraulic press

Tests performed in Frohnleiten demo plant

�up to now ~10 t briquettes produced, smooth operation, single briquette density up to > 1,1 kg/l

Tests have included variations in severalfactors, such as torrefaction degree,water content, capacity etc which hasinfluence on final quality of briquette.


Demonstration plant in Austria



Densification (Pelletizing & Briquetting)

PelletizingANDRITZ Feed & Biofuel produced pellets of torrefied materialIntense testing for 2 yearsOptimisation ongoingDemoplant in Denmark includes pelletizing equipment

BriquettingBriquettes from torrefied material were producedInstallation of briquetting equipment in the demoplant in Austria

Tasks: Ensure stable and efficent operationAdopt machinery for torrefied material


Torrefied product quality� Improved grindability compared to wood pellets� High net calorific value of 20-22 MJ/kg� High energy density of >14 GJ/m³ (wood pellets: 10-12 GJ/m³)

=> Lower costs for transport and handling compared to wood pellets� Increased hydrophobicity => improved logistics properties� Combustion/Co-combustion (coal substitute) in conventional power plants � Low sulphur and low ash compared to coal � Better combustion behaviour compared to non-torrefied biomass� Capacity constraints of power plant significantly reduced compared to wood pellets

ANDRITZ experience� Extensive long term in-house R&D related to torrefaction� ANDRITZ has licensed key technology from ECN� Two operating demo plants integrated with densification� Pulp industry technology know-how gives great advantage � ANDRITZ is capable to deliver complete torrefaction plants

Conclusions


Legal Disclaimer


All data, information, statements, photographs, and graphic illustrations contained in this presentation are without any obligation to the publisher and raise no liabilities to ANDRITZ AG or any affiliated companies, nor shall the contents in this presentation form part of any sales contracts, which may be concluded between ANDRITZ GROUP companies and purchasers of equipment and/or systems referred to herein.

© ANDRITZ AG 2012. All rights reserved. No part of this copyrighted work may be reproduced, modified or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in any database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ANDRITZ AG or its affiliates. Any such unauthorized use for any purpose is a violation of the relevant copyright laws.

We accept the challenge!www.andritz.com

Any questions?Recovery and Power Division

For further informationplease contact:

ANDRITZ Oy – Finland+358 20 450 5555

[email protected]

Thank You!

andritz torrefaction demo plants print version - vtt.fi · andritz/ecn torrefaction design andritz...

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