anglo-saxon period 450-1066. great britain (british literature) england scotland wales united...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Anglo-Saxon Period
450-1066
![Page 2: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Great Britain (British Literature)
• England• Scotland • Wales
United Kingdom also includes North Ireland
![Page 3: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Invaders to Britain
• Iberians• Celts• Romans• Angles• Saxons• Normans
![Page 4: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What do we get from England
• English Common Law
• Language
• Literature
• Culture
![Page 5: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Celts
![Page 6: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Celts and Their Religion
• Animism
• Druids– Stonehenge
• Mother Goddess– Harmony is controlled
by MG and Great Father
![Page 7: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Romans: Great Administrators
• From Julius Caesar (55 BC) to Emperor Claudius (1st Century AD)– Organization that protected Britain several hundred
years– Pushed war-like tribes to the north and west
• CHRISTIANITY—European Missionaries
• 410 AD: Problems in Rome and they just left (an infrastructure but no central
government)
![Page 8: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
When the Romans left
• Angles• Saxons• Jutes
![Page 9: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
King Arthur to King Alfred
• Invaders after Romans abandoned Britain:– Angles and Saxons (Germany)– Jutes (peninsula of Jutland in Denmark)
• Great Struggles– Celts: King Arthur (retreated to Wales)
![Page 10: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Anglo-Saxon England
• Independent Principalities
![Page 11: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
King Alfred
• 871-899• Led against Danes• UNIFIED ENGLAND
![Page 12: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Anglo-Saxon Religion
• German origins– Norse/Scandinavian mythology
• Diety: Thunor --“Thor”—Thursday– Mother was god “Earth”
• Took many forms
• Childbearing and homemaking
![Page 13: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Norse god—Odin: Overcame death to learn of great mysteries
god of death, poetry, and magic
assists humans communicate with spirits
“Woden”--Wednesday
![Page 14: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Ethics
• Main concern with Anglo-Saxon religion– Virtues of:
• Bravery
• Loyalty
• Generosity
• Friendship
![Page 15: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Danes (from Denmark)
• Vikings (Norway, Sweden, and Denmark)
• 8th and 9th century• NE & Central England• Danish Law now in
place• ‘Danegeld’- payment
in exchange for peace
![Page 16: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
William, Duke of Normandy
• Forced the Anglo-Saxons out in 1066
Battle of Hastings
October 14, 1066
![Page 17: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Reemergence of Christianity
• Christianity declined when the Romans left
• Irish and Continental Missionaries– St. Augustine converted
King Ethelbert of Kent
• Not Immediately or Permanently Successful– Ex: King Readwald of East
Anglia
![Page 18: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Sutton Hoo
• Richest burial site ever discovered in Britain, an Anglo-Saxon ship containing the treasure of one of the earliest English Kings - Rædwald, King of East Anglia. Rich in Anglo-Saxon and Christian treasures.
![Page 19: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Life in Anglo-Saxon England
![Page 20: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
VIP’s
• Venerable Bede• King Alfred• The Beowulf poet• Caedmon
![Page 21: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Law and Order
• Warfare was common occurrence
• Leaders in any group were responsible for safety– Family– Clan– Tribe– Kingdom
![Page 22: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Fame, Success, and Survival were obtained through LOYALTY to the leaders
![Page 23: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Beowulf
• Defeats monsters who attack King Hrothgar
• Loyal Dependence
![Page 24: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Bards and Poets in Anglo-Saxon England
• Communal Hall– Offered shelter– Public meetings– Entertainment
• Bards (scops) were skilled story tellers– Considered very manly– Accompanied by a
harp
![Page 25: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Narratives
• Poems were many times improvisational– Traditional heroic tales– People under the threat of war, disease, old age– Stress the transience of life connected with the
cold and darkness of winter
• Elegiac strain—mournful• Bards gave hope that heroic deeds would be
remembered in the collective memory
![Page 26: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Monasteries and Anglo-Saxon Lit.
• Centers of faith and learning
• Provided cultural and spiritual influence
• Monks probably wrote down the bards tales– Tales: Old English
– Learning: Latin
![Page 27: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Venerable Bede
• 673-735
• Greatest Latin writer in Anglo-Saxon England
• Ecclesiastical History of the English People– 731– First major source of early English history
![Page 28: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Old English Poetics
• Sung or recited aloud
• Harp provided a regular rhythm
• Old English poets are more concerned with time rather than number of syllables– Beowulf has 4 primary stresses in each line
• Uses alliteration frequently “Alliterative poetry”
![Page 29: Anglo-Saxon Period 450-1066. Great Britain (British Literature) England Scotland Wales United Kingdom also includes North Ireland](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022042616/56649e7f5503460f94b83c96/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Poetics, cont’d.
• Caesura—rhythmical pause in the middle of a line
• Kenning—descriptive compound words• Ex: “sea-stallions” to mean ships
• Ready made formulas to describe certain events: greeting a stranger, voyaging on the seas, eating a feast, receiving riches